Library N. North Carolina State c 6©c. M Raleigh Span? ?966 The North Carolina Historical Review ! Christopher Crittenden, Editor in Chief Mrs. Memory F. Mitchell, Editor Mrs. Violet W. Quay, Editorial Associate ADVISORY EDITORIAL BOARD John Fries Blair William S. Powell Miss Sarah M. Lemmon Miss Mattie Russell Henry S. Stroupe STATE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY EXECUTIVE BOARD Josh L. Horne, Chairman Miss Gertrude Sprague Carraway Ralph P. Hanes T. Harry Gatton Hugh T. Lefler Fletcher M. Green Edward W. Phifer Christopher Crittenden, Director 1 This review was established in January, 192 U, as a medium of publication and dis- cussion of history in North Carolina. It is issued to other institutions by exchange, but to the general public by subscription only. The regular price is $1^.00 per year. Members of the North Carolina Literary and Historical Association, Inc., for which the annual dues are $5.00, receive this publication without further payment. Back numbers still in print are available for $1.00 per number. Out-of-print numbers may be obtained on microfilm from University Microfilms, SIS North First Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Persons desiring to quote from this publication may do so without special permission from the editors provided full credit is given to The North Caro- lina Historical Review. The Review is published quarterly by the State Department of Archives and History, Education Building, Corner of Edenton and Salisbury Streets, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27601. Mailing address is Box 1881, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27602. Second class postage paid at Raleigh, North Carolina, 27602. COVER—The "Tiger" as depicted by John White on her Roanoke colony voyage of 1585. This picture originally appeared on the map show- ing the fortified encampment at Puerto Rico. For an article on the "Tiger," see pages 115 to 121. 7^ %wt6, (}evwU»t*, Volume XLIII Published in April, 1966 Number 2 CONTENTS H.M.S. "TIGER" i 115 Tom Glasgow, Jr. RICHMOND PEARSON, ROOSEVELT REPUBLICANS, AND THE CAMPAIGN OF 1912 IN NORTH CAROLINA 122 Joseph F. Steelman PAPERS FROM THE SIXTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NORTH CAROLINA LITERARY AND HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION, DECEMBER 3, 1965 INTRODUCTION 140 REVIEW OF NORTH CAROLINA FICTION, 1964-1965 141 EOY A. RlGGS NORTH CAROLINA AND ITS UNIVERSITY PRESS 149 Lambert Davis REVIEW OF NORTH CAROLINA NONFICTION, 1964-1965 157 Henry S. Stroupe SEARCHING FOR CLUES TO HISTORY THROUGH HISTORIC SITE ARCHAEOLOGY 166 Stanley A. South FOR THE WANT OF A SCRIBE 174 Glenn Tucker DAYS OF DEFIANCE: RESISTANCE TO THE STAMP ACT IN THE LOWER CAPE FEAR 186 Lawrence Lee NORTH CAROLINA BIBLIOGRAPHY, 1964-1965 203 William S. Powell BOOK REVIEWS 212 HISTORICAL NEWS 243 BOOK REVIEWS Ross, The Cape Fear, by Wilma Dykeman 212 Sharpe, A New Geography of North Carolina, Volume IV, by Memory F. Mitchell 213 Hassler, The General to His Lady: The Civil War Letters of William Dorsey Pender to Fanny Pender, by T. Harry Gatton . 214 Alderson and McBride, Landmarks of Tennessee History, by W. S. Tarlton 215 Coulter, Old Petersburg and the Broad River Valley of Georgia, by Lala Carr Steelman 216 LORANT, The New World: The First Pictures of America Made by John White and Jacques le Moyne and Engraved by Theo- dore de Bry with Contemporary Narratives of the French Settlements in Florida, 1562-1565, and the English Colonies in Virginia, 1585-1590, by Cecil Johnson 217 Greene, The Diary of Colonel Landon Carter of Sabine Hall, 1752-1778, by Don Higginbotham 219 East Carolina College Publications in History, Essays in Southern Biography, by Oliver H. Orr, Jr 220 Mathews, Slavery and Methodism: A Chapter in American Morality, 1780-18U5, by John L. Bell, Jr 221 Genovese, The Political Economy of Slavery, by J. Carlyle Sitterson 223 Byrne, The View from Headquarters: Civil War Letters of Harvey Reid, by H. H. Cunningham 224 Gates, Agriculture and the Civil War, by Cornelius 0. Cathey 226 Donald, The Politics of Reconstruction: 1863-1867, by Horace W. Raper 227 Woodward, After the War: A Tour of the Southern States, 1865-1866, by T. Harry Williams 228 Wish, Reconstruction in the South, 1865-1877: Firsthand Accounts of the American Southland after the Civil War, by Richard D. Younger . , 230 Clark, Three Paths to the Modern South: Education, Agriculture, and Conservation, by Allen J. Going 231 Gipson, The Triumphant Empire: The Rumbling of the Coming Storm, 1766-1770, and The Triumphant Empire: Britain Sails into the Storm, 1770-1776, by Carl B. Cone 232 Brown, The King's Friends: The Composition and Motives of the American Loyalist Claimants, by Laura P. Freeh 233 Main, The Social Structure of Revolutionary America, by Hugh T. Lefler 234 Risjord, The Old Republicans: Southern Conservatism in the Age of Jefferson, by Daniel M. McFarland 236 Conrad, The Forgotten Farmers: The Story of Sharecroppers in the New Deal, by Dewey W. Grantham, Jr 237 Lord, Keepers of the Past, by Morris L. Radoff 238 Other Recent Publications 240 H.M.S. "TIGER" By Tom Glasgow, Jr.* During the 1959 good-will tour of President Dwight D. Eisen- hower, he was met by the British Mediterranean fleet and saluted by its flagship, H.M.S. "Tiger." Had this chance meeting been with an itinerant merchant vessel named the "Mayflower," doubtless the reporters with the President would have dispatched some analogous comments, but the "Tiger," royal ship of Queen Elizabeth II, rated only a chance notation among the routine events of the day. Yet, in the founding of Anglo-Saxon America, the royal ship "Tiger" of the first Queen Elizabeth was of far more consequence than the revered "Mayflower" of the New England pilgrims. Thirty-four years before the landing at Plymouth Rock and twenty- one years before Jamestown, a "small barcque of her maiesties called 1 the "Tygre," flagship of Sir Richard Grenville's little fleet, landed Ralph Lane on the shores of what is today North Carolina with the first English colony planted in the Western Hemisphere. In recent years the consummate research of Professor David B. 2 Quinn has supplied minute details of this first colony and the move- ment it started. In most libraries throughout the land one can find some information about the principal people involved—Walter Ra- leigh, Richard Grenville, Ralph Lane, John White, Thomas Hariot, and Richard Hakluyt—and the roles they played, but perhaps no person or object was more important to the successful launching of the project than was this ship. Though she was one of the lessor * Mr. Glasgow is a personnel placement counselor, Charlotte. 1 David Beers Quinn (ed.), The Roanoke Voyages, 1584-1590: Documents To Illu- strate the English Voyages to North America Under the Patent Granted to Walter Raleigh in 158U (London: Hakluyt Society [Second Series, No. CIV], 2 volumes, 1955), I, 158, 228, hereinafter cited as Quinn, Roanoke Voyages. 2 David B. Quinn, professor of modern history, University of Liverpool, began his study of Anglo-American colonization for the Hakluyt Society, London, with The Voyages and Colonising Enterprises of Sir Humphrey Gilbert, 2 volumes, 1940. Then followed his monumental Roanoke Voyages; scheduled for publication in the near future is The English Voyages to North America, 1591-1605. Together these will comprise the most exhaustive documentary coverage ever made on this important phase of history. For information on Quinn, see Who*s Who, 1965 (London: Adam & Charles Black, 1965), 2501. 116 The North Carolina Historical Review ships of the Royal Navy, 3 she nevertheless was one of the Queen's ships. Her presence in the colonial fleet gave the fleet many times the prestige that could possibly have been had from the inclusion of the very finest private ship afloat. Because she was a well-armed war- ship, she enabled Grenville to capture easily Spanish prizes on the homeward voyage. These acquisitions from England's unofficial enemy proved of sufficient value to provide the financial backers of the enterprise a return on their investment even though the colony 4 failed to materialize. In that pecuniary age, it was no small matter to keep investors interested. Today, it is difficult to assess the full impact of the inclusion of this royal ship on the Elizabethan entre- 5 preneur, but it caused many to view John White's pictures and Thomas Hariot's "A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land 6 of Virginia," with more than idle curiosity. In 1546, during the reign of King Henry VIII, the original "Tiger" was launched and incorporated into the royal fleet. She was one of a new experimental type of vessel called a galleass; but she bore no resemblance to the vessels of that name in Mediterranean countries. Near her waterline she had a row of ports for oars and in her bow was a heavy, sharp spar for ramming. Otherwise, she was built high like a regular sailing ship with full sails and eight-gun broadside of cannon, but unlike other sailing ships, she had no superstructure or cabins of any sort above her top deck. 7 No evidence exists that the oars or ram, her peculiar galleass fea- tures, were ever used, but as a ship she was a work horse, putting to 8 sea with most royal fleets that sailed during the next fifteen years. 3 R. C. Anderson, List of English Men-of-War, 1509-1649 (London: Society for Nautical Research, Occasional Publication No. 7, 1959) , 11-15, hereinafter cited as Anderson, List of English Men-of-War. 4 Quinn, Roanoke Voyages, I, 220. 5 See Paul Hulton and David Beers Quinn (eds.), The American Drawings of John White, 1577-1590, with Drawings of European and Oriental Subjects (London and Chapel Hill: Trustees of the British Museum and University of North Carolina Press, 2 volumes, 1964), hereinafter cited as American Drawings of John White.