MANURE NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT Money is like manure. Unless you spread it around, it doesn't do much good NutrientsNutrients ofof PrimaryPrimary ConcernConcern NitrogenNitrogen --NN PhosphorusPhosphorus -- PP P Transport To Surface Waters Soil Surface Soluble P (Dissolved) Particulate P (Sediment) R unoff ~ 1/2 - 1“ Soil/Water Soil Mixing Zone Dissolved P vs. 0 to 2-Inch Soil Test P adapted from Sharpley et al. 1994. JEQ 23:437-451 1.6 1.4 Grassland, r 2 = 0.62 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 Cropland, r 2 = 0.85 0.2 Grassland, r 2 = 0.90 Dissolved P in Runoff, ppm Dissolved P in Runoff, ppm 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 Mehlich 3 Soil test P, lb/A Tillage D P PP Total DP Total PP Intensity Concentration Loss (lb/A) Reduced ? Conventional ? DP = Dissolved P PP = Particulate P Several Studies Indicate That Up To 90% Of Annual P Loading May Come From Less Than 10% Of Landscape (Heathwaite et al., 1998) P Threshold Approach • Critical soil test levels established above which P applications are prohibited or restricted • Critical soil test levels based on water quality criteria ? P Threshold Approach •Advantages – Simple, understandable and easy to implement – Based on water quality (hopefully) – Much better than agronomic response soil test approach •Disadvantages – Assumes all of landscape has equal environmental sensitivity – Does not consider P transport – Developed mainly for manure management – Does not address cultural management of soils – Based on limited data Critical STP Values State Level Method -- mg/kg -- AR 150 Mehlich 3 CO 100 AB-DTPA DE 120 Mehlich 1 KS 100-200 Bray 1 OH 150 Bray 1 OK 130 Mehlich 3 WI 75 Bray 1 TX 200 A&M Source: Daniel et al., 1998; http://ces.soil.ncsu.edu/sera17/ Kansas Department of Agriculture (1) Input Form for Nutrient Utilization Plan Worksheet DATE: GENERAL INFORMATION: Producer: Me CROP ROTATION: Year* Crop Yield % of max County: Ness Field ID: 1 Previous: 2000 Corn xxx applied** Initial: 2001 Corn 170 100% Category: 18 Crop Acres in Field: 0 2002 Corn 170 100% 2003 Corn 170 100% Max Soil Test P Level (ppm): 200 Estimated Annual Swine 2004 Corn 170 100% Waste for Application 2005 Corn 170 100% KDHE Permit Number (Tons or Gallons) * Previous is the year prior to the initiall year of the plan. or KDHE Application No: 123 1,000 ** Percent of maximum manure allowed,ed, projected to be applied. TYPE OF IRRIGATION: SOIL ANALYSIS: None (dryland) x Mark an "x" in the box Soil Type Testing Method Depth NO3 - N ppm P ppm Center Pivot that most closely Check Appropriate Box "x" Check Appropriate Box 0 - 6" 6618 Dragline/inject identifies your system Sandy Soil Bray-1 x 6 - 12" xxx Traveling Gun Med & Fine Texture x Mehlich-3 12 - 18" xxx Flood Olsen 18 - 24" xxx MANURE ANALYSIS (from your report) -- liquid or solid solid MANURE BOOK VALUES* SWINE WASTE INFORMATION: Nutrient mg/kg ppm lbs/acre-in lbs/ton N** Waste Characteristics: Mark an "x" in appropriateopriate box below ((one only) Total N 12000 12000 0 24.0 Solid, Without Bedding - Incorporated (within 24 hours) Organic N 8500 8500 0 17.0 P2O5** Solid, Without Bedding - Surface applied x NH4-N 3500 3500 0 7.0 Solid, With Bedding - Incorporated (within 24 hours)urs) NO3-N 0 000.0 * Enter these values only Solid, With Bedding - Surface applied P2O5 11000 11000 0 22.0 if you do not have manure Liquid Pit, Incorporated (within 24 hours) Was swine waste applied to this field analysis figures and you Liquid Pit, Surface Applied Last year (Y/N)? N are using book values Lagoon, Incorporated (within 24 hours) Two years ago (Y/N)? N other than listed in "Manure" Lagoon, Surface Applied ** (lbs/ton) NOTES: Developed by: Kansas Departmentpartment of AgricAgricultureu and Kansassas State UniverUniversity.s For information contact: GarryGarry L. Keeler (785) 296-3786 (1.2) email: [email protected]@KDA.state.ks.ust Kansas New Swine Manure Regulations - 1999 22 “ Precipitation 30 “ Precipitation Maximum P Soil Test: 200 / 150ppm Bray P1 Mehlich 3 Maximum P Soil Test: 78 / 57 ppm Olsen 100 ppm Bray P1 or Maximum P Soil Test: Mehlich 3 150 / 100 ppm Bray P1 38 ppm Olsen Mehlich 3 57 / 38 ppm Olsen 22 “ Precipitation 30 “ Precipitation Kansas P Index • NRCS approach to P management • Under development/review • Difficult to identify data for development Kansas P Index •P Source – Soil test P – P fertilizer application rate and method – Organic P application rate and method •P Transport – Soil erosion – Soil runoff class – Distance to surface water or drainage way – Irrigation erosion Selected Value Bench Source Characteristics After Phosphorus Loss Rating mark Bray P1 or Mehlich III Soil Test Olsen Soil Test < 25 ppm < 16 ppm 1 Soil Test P 26 - 50 ppm 17 - 31 ppm 2 22 51 - 75 ppm 32 - 47 ppm 4 76 - 100 ppm 48 - 62 ppm 8 >100 ppm > 62 ppm 10 Annual Average Fertilizer P Lbs Fertilizer P2O5 Applied 20 20 Application Rate 0.10 X (lbs P2O5) 2.0 2.0 (lbs P2O5/ac) None applied 0 Starter applied at planting or injected deeper than 2 inches 1 11 Fertilizer P Application Broadcast AND incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug OR Method Broadcast / NOT incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug with standing corn, sorghum or smallgrain residue or 2 hay and pasture land Broadcast / NOT incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug (no residues or pasture) OR Broadcast / NOT incorporated Sept-Oct or Mar-June with standing corn, sorghum or smallgrain residue or 4 hay and pasture land OR Broadcast AND incorporated Sept-Oct or Mar-June (no residue or pasture) Broadcast / NOT incorporated Sep-Oct and Mar-June 8 Annual Average Organic P Lbs P2O5 Applied Contained In Manure or Compost 070 Application Rate 0.10 X (lbs P2O5) 0.0 7.0 (lbs P2O5/ac) None applied 0 Starter applied at planting or injected deeper than 2 inches 1 Organic P Application Broadcast AND incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug OR Method Broadcast / NOT incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug with standing corn, sorghum or smallgrain residue or 2 2 hay and pasture land Broadcast / NOT incorporated Nov-Feb or July-Aug (no residues or pasture) OR Broadcast / NOT incorporated Sept-Oct or Mar-June with standing corn, sorghum or smallgrain residue or 4 hay and pasture land OR Broadcast AND incorporated Sept-Oct or Mar-June (no residue or pasture) Broadcast / NOT incorporated Sep-Oct and Mar-June 8 June 2004 Total Source Value 5.0 14.0 Kansas P Index Source Components Phosphorus Application Calendar Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Placed with planter or subsurface applied at least 2 inches deep Broadcast and incorporated within 48 hours of application Broadcast and NOT incorporated with growing summer crop, standing residues, hay, or pasture Broadcast and NOT incorporated or incorporated more than 48 hours after application without growing summer crop or residues Best Phosphorus Application Good Phosphorus Application Management Practice 1 point Management Practice 2 points Poor-Fair Phosphorus Application Poor Phosphorus Application Management Practice 4 points Management Practice 8 points Kansas Site Assessment Index - Phosphorus Page 2 Selected Value Bench Transport After Characteristics mark Average From Ephemeral and Classic Gully 00 Soil Erosion by Water 2 X (tons/ac./yr.) 0.0 0.0 (tons/acre/year) Tons From RUSLE 1.5 1.5 2 X (tons/ac./yr.) 3.0 3.0 Soil Run-off Very Low 0 Classification Low 2 22 Medium 4 (From NRCS Kansas Map High Unit Descriptions) 8 Very High 16 Field not in proximity of intermittent stream 0 Within 300 feet of intermittent stream 2 Proximity of field to 180 to 300 feet of perennial stream or water body - with effective buffer * perennial streams, * 180 to 300 feet of perennial stream or water body - without effective buffer perennial surface water 4 4 4 bodies or intermittent Within 180 feet of perennial stream or water body - with effective buffer * streams Within 180 feet of perennial stream or water body - without effective buffer * 8 Immediately adjacent to perennial stream or surface water - with effective buffer * Immediately adjacent to perennial stream or surface water - without effective buffer * 16 N/A 0 Furrow Irrigation Erosion QS is gallon/minute/furrow With tail water recovery, QS < 6 severe erodibility hazard soils and QS < 10 other soils 2 divided by the % slope. Soil QS > 10 for slight erodibility hazard soils 4 erodibility hazard factors are in Table 1. QS > 10 for moderate erodibility hazard soils 8 QS > 6 for severe erodibility hazard soils 16 N/A or little or no runoff indicated 0 Sprinkler System Erosion/Run-off LP on 0 to 3% slopes or HP on 0 to 8 % slopes for non-sandy sites or all sandy sites 2 22 (Sandy soils include all sands and loamy sands. HP on non-sandy sites > 8 % slope, and LP on non-sandy sites 3 to 5 % slopes 4 Non-sandy soils include all others (See Table 2). LP on non-sandy sites 5 to 8 % slopes 8 LP on non-sandy sites 8 % or steeper slopes 16 * Effective buffers are permanent vegatative buffers meeting NRCS standards Total Transport Value 11.0 11.0 X (From Page 1) Total Source Value 5.0 14.0 Total Transport Value X Total Source Value = P Loss Rating Value 55 154 VERY MEDIU P Loss Risk LOW M Kansas P Index Transport Components Proximity to surface streams and other surface water bodies --- Field not in proximity of intermittent stream 0 Within 300 feet of intermittent stream Proximity of field to 2 perennial streams, 180 to 300 feet of perennial stream or water body - with effective buffer * perennial surface 180 to 300 feet of perennial stream or water body - without effective buffer * water bodies or 4 intermittent streams Within 180 feet of perennial stream or water body - with effective buffer * Within 180 feet of perennial stream or water body - without effective buffer * 8 Immediately adjacent to perennial stream or surface water - with effective buffer * Immediately adjacent to perennial stream or surface water - without effective buffer * 16 Kansas Phosphorus Site Index Management Interpretations P Loss Rating P Site Index Value Interpretation Management Suggestions 0 - 75 VERY LOW If current farming practices are continued and site characteristics do not change, there is low probability of an adverse impact to surface 76 - 150 LOW waters from P losses at this site.