IAEA-TECDOC-519 RESEARCH USING SMALL TOKAMAKS PROCEEDINGS OF A TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEETING ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY AND HEL NICEDN I , FRANCE, 10-11 OCTOBER 1988 ATECHNICAL DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1989 RESEARCH USING SMALL TOKAMAKS IAEA, VIENNA, 1989 IAEA-TECDOC-519 ISSN 1011-4289 Printed by the IAEA in Austria July 1989 The IAEA doe t normallsno y maintain stock f reportso thin si s series. However, microfiche copies of these reports can be obtained from INIS Clearinghouse International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramerstrasse5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria Orders should be accompanied by prepayment of Austrian Schillings 100, in the form of a cheque or in the form of IAEA microfiche service coupons orderee whicb y dhma separately fro e INImth S Clearinghouse. FOREWORD A significant fraction of the worldwide efforts to demonstrate scientific breakeven for controlled fusion in a magnetically confined plasma is directed towar presene th d t generatio largf no e tokamak devices. However, other plasma physics programmes continu plao et activn a y quese th r fusiorol fo tn ei n power generation. These programmes perform a variety of functions, both directly and indirectly complementing the large tokamaks research. Some laboratories are engaged in "small" tokamak projects or work on alternative magnetic confinement concepts, testin w idea gne technologiesd san , optimizing existing techniques, performing basic plasma physics studies, etc. Many countrie eagee ar sparticipato t r thesn i e e existing "support" activities examino T . e facedepte on e internationath f to f h o l magnetic fusion research outside the scope of large tokamaks, the IAEA sponsored a serie Technicaf so l Committee Meeting Researcn so h Using Small Tokamakse Th . meetings highlighte dachievemente somth f eo smalf so l tokamaks d specia,an l efforts were mad asseso et suitabilite sth startinf yo w programmegne thin i s s area, particularly in developing countries. The last meeting was held on 1 Octobe10-1 r 198 Nice8n i , attendes Franc wa participant0 4 d ean y d b s fro6 1 m countries, The programme of the meeting includes 21 reports and was arranged by reference to the main topics of research: MHD plasma equilibrium and stability in tokamaks, diagnostic development, computational plasma physics. Each topic was covered by papers which were either in the nature of a review or were a detailed description of a particular experiment or concept. These proceedings contai manuscripte nth s whic reproducee har d directly from the author's copy. It is hoped that the present publication will provide e fusioth n specialist countriel al f so s wit materiae hth l which definee sth main direction ongoinf so d futuran g e activitie e fiel th smalf o n di s l tokamak research. EDITORIAL NOTE In preparing this material for the press, staff of the International Atomic Energy Agency have mounted paginatedand originalthe manuscripts submittedas authorsthe givenby and some attention to the presentation. The views expressed papers,the statementsin the general madethe and style adoptedthe are responsibility of the named authors. The views do not necessarily reflect those of the governments of the Member States or organizations under whose auspices the manuscripts were produced. thisin The bookuse of particular designations countriesof territoriesor does implynot any judgement by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such countries or territories, of their authorities institutions delimitationand the of or theirof boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of their products or brand names does not imply any endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. Authors are themselves responsible for obtaining the necessary permission to reproduce copyright material from other sources. CONTENTS Summary .......................................................................................................... 7 High beta plasmasecone th d dan s stability regime .....................................................1 1 . D. C. Robinson The production of high poloidal beta tokamak equilibria in the Versator II tokamak by means of RF current drive ................................................................................. 23 S.C. Luckhardt, K.I. Chen, Kesner,J. Kirkwood,R. Lane,B. Porkolab,M. SquireJ. Second regime tokamak operation at large aspect ratio ................................................. 29 G.A. Navratil Tokamak experiment JIPn o s P T-IIU ......................................................................3 4 . Y. Ogawa, J. Fujita, Y. Hamada, NTX-Group, GA-Group Stud f plasmyo a passage throug htoroidaa l slo T-1n i t 3 tokamak ...................................1 5 . V.I. Belashov, A. V. Bortnikov, N.N. Brevnov MHD activity under the influence of helical external magnetic fields ............................... 61 /. C. Nascimento, A. Vannucci Equilibrium poloidal beta limit in tokamaks ............................................................... 67 P.K. Raw, R.M. Kulsrud, S.C. Cowley Stabilit f ballooninyo g modepresence th n toroidaa i s f eo l flow .....................................1 7 . Sen,A. A.K. Sundaram High beta plasma self-stabilizatio accesd secone th an n o t sd stability regime .....................1 8 . V.V. Demchenko Phaedrus-Statue th f o s T tokamaPhaedrue th d kan s program ........................................3 10 . Hershkowitz,N. Phaedrus Group Preliminary desig smala f no l aspect ratio tokamak ....................................................l Il . G.O. Ludwig, Montes,A. SakanakaH. P. TMR — A tokamak for Alfven heating and current drive research .................................. 125 A.G. Kirov, V.D. Medun, L.F. Ruchko, G.I. Astapenko, D.A. Vojtenko, A.V. Sukachev, A.Z. Rakhel'kin, V.P. Sidorov, A.G. Elfimov, K.G. Komoshvili, M.A. Stotland, S.E. Il'inskij, N.I. Malykh, I.S. Ledneva, L.L. Kalayjyan, L.B. Kislova, M.Sh. Burdiashvili, V.A. Miloserdov, S.N. Mordik, R.A. Terteryan, V.I. Kuznetsov, V.Sh. Gamgia, V.H. Zharikov, V.V. Onishchenko, A.G. Nagornyj, L.Ya. Malykh, Yu.N. Gubin, M.V. Lomtatidze, I.S. Fursa, T.P. Bochikashvili, M.V. Dmitrieva, G.A. Pestryakova, I.F. Potapenko, S.Yu. Medvedev, V.P. Boyun, V.F. Gubarev, Yu.G. Krivonos, A.I. Nebookin, I.K. Rubin, B.K. Ostapchenko, G.F. Gusev Lithium beam activated edge plasma spectroscopy — recent results arid atomic database for quantitative studies ...................................................................................... 135 F. Aumayr, R.K. Janev, Schneider,M. Schweinzer,J. WinterH. Design and test of a time-of-flight analyzer ............................................................... 141 J. Stöckel, P. Vetesnik, K. Jakubka, F. Zâcek, E.L. Berezovskij, A.B. Izvozchikov Tokamak edge plasma investigatio lasey nb r blow-off .................................................9 14 . J.S. Bakos, G. Bürger, I.B. Földes, P.E. Giese, D. Hildebrandt, L.N. Khimchenko, P.N. Ignacz, Koltai,L. Paszti,F. Petravich,G. SzigetiJ. Atomic iron concentration measurements by laser induced fluorescence in TO-2 ................. 171 Vukolov,Yu. K. N.N. Shvindt, Lider,G. VenzelU. neutraV ke 0 l4 lithiuA m beam sourc r tokamaefo k CASTOR .......................................7 17 . F. Zâcek, Stocket,J. Jakubka,K. Badalec,J. Valovic,M. KolâcekK. Recent results from SK/CG-1 machine ..................................................................... 185 A. Sinman, S. Sinman Preliminary results of the investigation of slow minor radius compression on HT-6B tokamak .......................................................................................... 197 Yexi He, Cheng Zhang, Jikang Xie, Linzhong Li, Pinjian Qin, Dequan Guo, Zhixuan Pan, Chuanbao Deng, Guoxiang Li, Hengyu Fan, Junyu Zhao, Rang Huang List of Participants ............................................................................................. 207 SUMMARY Fusion scienc presentls ei y approachin criticaa g lneae stageth r n I . future it is expected that the scientific feasibility of fusion will be demonstrated. Also planned are experiments to study the physics of ignited plasmas. The leading concept in the magnetic confinement approach to fusion is the tokamak majoe Th . r fusio tokamae basie th their th n e fo s block a us r l al s research leading to an eventual fusion power plant. Nuclear fusion is still in the stage of intensive scientific research and many "supporting" plasma physics programmes continu plao t en importan a y t role e solutio imaie nth th n f probleo n constructio- m commerciaa f no l fusion power reactor. A considerable number of plasma physics laboratories participate in the aspects of fusion research outside of the large tokamak programmes. Man f thesyo e smaller programmee founb developinn o i dt e ar s g Member States and in countries outside of the 4 major fusion blocs. Some of these are involved in small tokamak projects or programmes on alternative fusion concepts (inertial confinement, stellarator's type devices, etc.). They carry out basic plasma physics studies, develop new diagnostic techniques and study many aspects of plasma technology. To support this wor Agence kth s instituteyha seriea d Technicaf so l Committee Meetings on Research Using Small Tokamaks. The major goals of these meetings are to provide an overview of plasma physics programmes at small laboratories and to foster collaboration between the smaller programmes themselves and between them and the larger programmes. Participants