%ilt5IJir12 3K2|:uth émzietp (formerly the Records Branch of the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society) VOLUME XLVII FOR THE YEAR 1991 Impression of 500 copies EARLY TRADE DIRECTORIES OF WILTSHIRE EDITED BY K I-I ROGERS AND INDEXED BY _] H CHANDLER TROWBRIDGE 1992 @ Wfltshire Record Society ISBN 0 901333 24 7 Typeset by BP lntegraphics Ltcl., Bath, Avon Printed in Great Britain by Bookcraft Ltcl., Midsomer Norton, Bath, Avon CONTENTS Preface page 1x INTRODUCTION xi HE DIRECTORIES W. Bailey, Western and Midland Directory, 1783 1 P. Barfoot and]. Wilkes, Um'versal British Directory, 1793-1798 10 W. Holden, Triermial Directory, 1805 44 ]. Pigot, Commercial Directory, 1822 47 ]. Pigot, Commercial Directory, 1830 63 .°‘.U‘:***5-'°!\-13'"-I]. Pigot, Commercial Directory, 1842 102 INDEX OF PERSONS 151 INDEX OF PLACES 197 INDEX OF OCCUPATIONS 201 List of Members 208 List of Publications 214 vii PREFACE Mr Rogers and Dr Chandler wish to record their thanks to the Wiltshire Library and Museum Service, and particularly to Mr Michael Marshman for making available copies of the Directories used in this volume. Mr Rogers also wishes to record his debt to Dr Chandler, whose contribution to the volume has extended far beyond the preparation of the indexes. JANE FREEMAN ix INTRODUCTION Directories are essentially compilations of information useful for commercial pur- poses, and their principal component has always been lists of names of people engaged in trade. The best general account of the development of directories is the introduc- tion to Jane E. Norton, Guide to the National and Provincial Directories of England and Wales, excluding London, published before 1856 (Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks, no. 5, 1950). This gives full bibliographical details of all directories within the scope indicated by its title. Further information on the orig-ins of directories will be found in the introduction to G. Shaw and A. Tipper, British Directories: a Bibliography and Guide to Directories published in England and Wales (1850-1950) and Scotland (1773-1950) (Leicester, 1988). Presented here is a selection from those classified by Norton as National Direc- tories, the publishers of which attempted to cover either the whole country or considerable parts of it. Of the National Directories listed, Wiltshire places appear in the following (the numbers are those given by Norton): 2. Bailey's Western and Midland Directory, 1783 3. Bailey's British Directory, 1784 13-19. Barfoot and Wilkes's Universal British Directory, 1793-1798 21-8. Holden's Triennial (later Annual) Directories, 1805, 1808, 1809, 1811, 1814, 1816 35. Pigot's Commercial Directory, 1822-3 53-5. Pigot’s Commercial Directory, 1830 73-4. Pigot’s Commercial Directory, 1842 78. Slater’s Directory, 1844 91. Slater's Directory, 1851 97. Slater’s Directory, 1852-3 101-2. Robson's Commercial Directory, 1839 113. Kelly's Post Oflice Directory, 1848 124. Kelly's Post Oflice Directory, 1855 This volume comprises the lists of names relating to Wiltshire places extracted from Bailey (1783), Barfoot and Wilkes (1793-1798), and Holden (1805), and from the Wiltshire sections from Pigot (1822, 1830, 1842). Only ten Wiltshire towns appear in Bailey (1783). The names for one of these, Calne, are included with those for Chippenham, and Wilton is represented by only two names. The names given are almost entirely those of residents of the towns themselves, though the Warminster entry includes three clothiers from Corsley, and the Melksham one a dyer and a clothier from Rode (between Trowbridge and Frome). Devizes includes one gentleman from as far away as Manningford. Names are mainly those of professional men and manufacturers, with a sprinkling of (presumably the more prosperous) shopkeepers. The only two inns mentioned are the Bear at Devizes and the White Hart at Salisbury. xi xii INTRODUCTION The geographical coverage of Barfoot and Wilkes (1793-1798) is wider. Twenty Wiltshire places have entries which include names of residents. The additions are mainly small towns, mostly no doubt included not because of their commercial importance but owing to their status as parliamentary boroughs. Amesbury and Mere, however, were not boroughs, nor were the even smaller Ramsbury or Aldboume. One curious addition is that of short lists of names for Burbage and Collingbourne, included in the Great Bedwyn entry. Five Wiltshire places, Highworth, Lavington, Malmesbury, Swindon, and Wootton Bassett, have short entries in the Appendix volume, without lists of names. This directory gives far more names than that of 1783, and it seems reasonable to suppose that the great majority of people in any business are included. Barfoot and Wilkes appeared in unbound parts, though surviving copies are generally bound in five volumes. The difliculty of dating individual entries is discussed by Norton (Guide to Directories, p. 35). Volume iv, for instance, usually has a title page dated 1798, but internal dating evidence ranges from May 1795 to January 1798. This presents an additional complication to the varying time-lag between the gathering ofinformation and publication which all users of directories have to allow for. Local historians may be able to find infonnation to date entries more exactly. The Trowbridge entry, for instance, must have been completed after 30 January 1797, when William White gave notice in the Salisbury journal that he was giving up the Three Woolpacks to Thomas Martin, whose name appears in the directory. Holden (1805) represents a decline from Barfoot and Wilkes, and indeed from Bailey, in geographical coverage, with entries for only Bradford, Devizes, Salisbury, and Trowbridge. judging by the 1801 population figures the omission of Warminster, which then had 4,932 inhabitants compared with 3,547 in Devizes, is surprising. There are also far fewer names than in Barfoot and Wilkes. The three Pigot directories set a higher standard altogether. Trades are classified in the larger places, and street names are given (though, curiously, omitted in the Chippenham entry of 1822-3). That directory only includes the ten largest towns, whereas the coverage of the 1842 one is larger than the 24 sections would suggest, since each contains names from neighbouring villages. The 1822-3 directory has no list of Nobility, Gentry, and Clergy at the beginning of each place entry (a decline from Barfoot and Wilkes), but this is remedied in 1830 and later. All users of these directories will discover occasional misprints and mis-spellings of names, though they are rarely so far from the correct form as to mislead. In the Trowbridge entry in Barfoot and Wilkes typical examples are Dood (for Dodd), Coxdell (Cogswell), Dawden (Dowden), Kaswell (Caswell), Paynton (Poynton), Rimner (Rimer), Rowling (Rawlings), and Stamcomb (Stancomb). As there was no method of making a general correction ofspelling, this edition retains all names as they are spelt in the originals. All the directories used in this book contain information in addition to the names given here. Some of this is historical or topographical, much of it not of particular value. They also given details of posts, coaches and waggons. This material has, with regret, been left out so that the 1842 directory could be included. The omission ofthis additional material has made reproduction in facsimile too complex to undertake, but the fonnat of the lists of names in the originals, progressing from the single column of Bailey to the triple columns of the Pigot Directories has been retained. INTRODUCTION xiii An index of personal names has been compiled which includes in a single sequence all names occurring in the directory listings given in this volume. Company names such as Robbins and Pinnegar are indexed under each relevant name. The spelling of names in the directory entries has been retained, and no attempt has been made to distinguish between homonymous individuals. Cross—references have been added to variant spellings. Two shorter indexes have also been provided. Although each direc- tory is arranged alphabetically by place there are many stray references to nearby villages and some entries are grouped under the name ofa principal town or village. A brief place index has therefore been included. There is also an index of the less common occupations listed in the directories, cross-referenced as necessary. EARLY TRADE DIRECTORIES OF WILTSHIRE 1. W. Bailey, Western and Midland Directory, 1783 BRADFORD, WILTSHIRE Market Day, Monday. BASKERVILLE, John, Clothier Bailward, Samuel, ditto Bethell, George, Supedine Clothier Cam, Hillier, and Bush, Supefiine Clothiers Clutterbuck, Daniel, Attorney at Law Cross, Nicholas and John, Tanners Davis and Brown, Surgeons Hart, Moggeridge, and Co. Clothiers Hart, William, Mercer and Draper Halliday, Robert, Clothier Head, George, Supedine Clothier Hill, Francis, Clothier Joyce, Thomas, ditto Jotham, Thomas, ditto Jotham, John, ditto Nicholls, Thomas, ll/Iercer and Draper Phelps, Joseph and Stephen, Clothiers Renison, John, Saddler and Post-master Smith, Joseph, Attorney at Law Timbrell, Thomas, Dyer Warman, William, and Son, Linen and Woollen-drapers Yerbury, John, Clothier and Cassameer Manufact. Belcomb Brook CHIPPENHAM and Neighbourhood, WILTSHIRE Market Day, Thursday. ATCHLEY, John, Maltster, Calne Bayliff, G. S. Attorney, Chippenham Bollin, Isaac, Clothier, Calne Crook, Richard, Linen-draper and Undertaker, Chippenham Essington, William, Attorney, Calne Edridge, John Reeve, Clothier, Chippenham Figgins, John, Clothier,