32001 32nd Avenue South, Suite 100 Federal Way, Washington 98001 253-835-6400 FAX: 253-952-3435 2012 Water System Plan Update March 2013 Prepared for City of Kelso 203 South Pacific Avenue, Suite 205 Kelso, Washington 98626 K/J Project No. 1197012.00 Table of Contents List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vi List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. vii List of Appendices ....................................................................................................................... viii List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... x Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... I Section 1: Water System Description ........................................................ 1-1 1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Ownership History ............................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Related System Plans ......................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Service Area Description ..................................................................... 1-2 1.4.1 Topography .............................................................................. 1-5 1.4.2 Land Use .................................................................................. 1-5 1.5 Service Area and Water Wheeling Agreements .................................. 1-7 1.6 Service Area Policies .......................................................................... 1-7 1.7 Inventory of Existing Facilities ............................................................. 1-8 1.8 Conditions of Service ........................................................................ 1-10 1.9 Customer Concern Process .............................................................. 1-10 Section 2: Basic Planning Data .................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Existing Water Demands ..................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Existing and Forecast Population ........................................................ 2-5 2.4 Existing Per Capita Water Demand .................................................... 2-6 2.5 Future Water Demands ....................................................................... 2-6 2.5.1 ADD and MDD ......................................................................... 2-6 2.5.2 Peak Hour Demand (PHD) ...................................................... 2-9 2.5.3 Industrial Demand .................................................................. 2-10 2.6 Fire Flow Demand ............................................................................. 2-10 2.6.1 Fire Flow Standards ............................................................... 2-11 2.6.2 Fire Flow Requirements ......................................................... 2-11 Section 3: Water Quality Analysis .............................................................. 3-1 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Water Quality Regulations and Standards .......................................... 3-1 3.2.1 Regulatory Framework ............................................................. 3-1 3.2.2 Applicable Regulations ............................................................ 3-1 3.2.3 Water Quality Standards .......................................................... 3-2 3.2.3.1 Surface Water Treatment Rules ............................ 3-2 3.2.3.2 Filter Backwash Recycling Rule (2001) ................. 3-4 2012 Water System Plan Update, City of Kelso i w:\2011\1197012.00_kelso_wsp_update\9.06_finaldocs\2012_wsp_mar2013\001 2012_wsp_update 2-20-13.docx Table of Contents (cont’d) 3.2.3.3 Stage 1 Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Product D/DBP Rule ........................................................... 3-4 3.2.3.4 Stage 2 Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Product D/DBP Rule ........................................................... 3-4 3.2.3.5 Inorganic and Organic Compound Monitoring Requirements ........................................................ 3-4 3.2.3.6 Arsenic Rule .......................................................... 3-5 3.2.3.7 Radionuclides ........................................................ 3-6 3.2.3.8 Total Coliform Rule (TCR) ..................................... 3-6 3.2.3.9 Lead and Copper Rule ........................................... 3-7 3.2.3.10 Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs) ................ 3-7 3.2.4 Summary of Monitoring Requirements .................................... 3-7 3.2.4.1 Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring .................... 3-8 3.2.5 Future or Potential Regulations ............................................... 3-9 3.2.5.1 Fluoride ................................................................ 3-10 3.2.5.2 Radon .................................................................. 3-10 3.2.5.3 Perchlorate .......................................................... 3-10 3.2.5.4 Metyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) ....................... 3-11 3.2.5.5 N-Nitrosodimetylamine (NDMA) .......................... 3-11 3.2.5.6 1,4-Dioxane ......................................................... 3-11 3.2.5.7 Regulating Contaminant Groups ......................... 3-11 3.3 Analysis of Water Quality and Treatment .......................................... 3-12 Section 4: System Analysis ........................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 General Facility Standards .................................................................. 4-1 4.3 System Analysis .................................................................................. 4-3 4.3.1 Source Capacity ....................................................................... 4-4 4.3.2 Water Treatment Facility .......................................................... 4-6 4.3.2.1 Facility Description ................................................. 4-6 4.3.2.2 Treatment Facility Capacity Analysis ..................... 4-8 4.3.2.3 Water Treatment Facility Recommendations ....... 4-10 4.3.3 Pumping and Storage Capacity Analysis ............................... 4-11 4.3.3.1 Pumping Capacity ................................................ 4-11 4.3.3.2 Storage Capacity ................................................. 4-15 4.3.3.3 System Capacity and Limiting Criteria Analysis ............................................................... 4-19 4.4 Telemetry and Controls ..................................................................... 4-21 4.5 Emergency Power ............................................................................. 4-21 4.5.1 Distribution System ................................................................ 4-21 4.5.2 Treatment Plant and Ranney Collector .................................. 4-23 4.6 Distribution System Hydraulic Modeling ............................................ 4-23 4.6.1 Model Development ............................................................... 4-23 4.6.2 Hydraulic Evaluation Design Criteria ..................................... 4-25 2012 Water System Plan Update, City of Kelso ii w:\2011\1197012.00_kelso_wsp_update\9.06_finaldocs\2012_wsp_mar2013\001 2012_wsp_update 2-20-13.docx Table of Contents (cont’d) 4.6.3 Modeling Results ................................................................... 4-25 4.7 Summary of System Deficiencies and Recommendations ............... 4-27 Section 5: Water Resources/Water Use Efficiency Program ..................... 5-1 5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Water Supply Characteristics .............................................................. 5-1 5.3 System Reliability Efforts .................................................................... 5-2 5.3.1 Ranney Collector ..................................................................... 5-2 5.3.2 Surface Water .......................................................................... 5-3 5.3.3 Groundwater ............................................................................ 5-3 5.4 Water Shortage Contingency Measures ............................................. 5-3 5.5 Water Rights Evaluation ...................................................................... 5-5 5.6 Past Conservation Programs .............................................................. 5-6 5.7 Current Water Use Efficiency Program Status .................................... 5-7 5.7.1 Water Use Efficiency Goals ..................................................... 5-7 5.7.2 Water Use Efficiency Measures ............................................... 5-8 5.7.3 Metering ................................................................................... 5-9 5.7.4 Distribution System Losses ...................................................... 5-9 5.7.5 Water Loss Control Action