DOCUMENT RESUME ED 317 888 CG 022 400 AUTHOR Rollins, Bruce, Comp. TITLE Sexual Attitudes and Behaviours: A Review of the Literature. Bibliography Series. INSTITUTION Australian Inst. of Family Studies, Melbourne. REPORT NO ISBN-0-642-14731-0 PUB DATE 89 NOTE 99p. AVAILABLE FROMAustralian Institute of Family Studies, 300 Queen Street, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) -- Information Analyses (070) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Adolescents; *Attitudes; *Behavior Change; Cohabitation; Drug Use; Foreign Countries; Homosexuality; Prevention; *Sexuality; Trend Analysis IDENTIFIERS *Australia ABSTRACT This bibliography and review of the literature on sexual behaviors and attitudes toward sexual behavior was developed to contribute to an understanding of changes in attitudes toward sexual behaviors and in community patterns of sexual behaviors, and to assist in the development of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) education programs. It reports on Australian and major overseas studies describing community patterns of sexual behavior, with special reference to the period since 1978. It includes a review and analysis of the results of these studies and reports on the reliability and validity of survey results. Comments are made concerning the implications of the survey results for AIDS prevention and community education strategies and programs for both the general community and specific subgroups (intravenous drug users, bisexual and homosexual males, and adolescents). Sources for the information in this review include commercial polls and sample surveys, work commissioned by governments and their agencies, studies by voluntary agencies, and academic studies. Individual sections of the review focus on:(1) patterns of sexual behavior from the Kinsey reports of 1948 and 1953 to the 1970s;(2) patterns of sexual behavior found in Australia studies between 1980 and 1988;(3) cohabitation; (4) heterosexual adolescents and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection; (5) intravenous drug users, AIDS, and behavior change;(6) the arrival of AIDS and patterns of homosexual behavior; (7) behavioral changes in the homosexual community in response to the threat of AIDS;(8) research methodologies; and (9) a summary of findings. A 29-page bibliography is included. (NB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** am. BEST COPY AVAILABLE IN NINO IMO ONE FERMIS' TC-:,I PRODUCE THIS U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION , , ONLY E 7 %. A MAT E- F.n err M ROFICHE I {-1,4A HAS HE E [iv I ' I I I 4, I IE.) H 'EL/URGES , E llllililillilliilllIluml IliiiiImii111114111141c1111111111 Snitsesand A-viours A Review of theLiterature 1111111111111111i111111i11111111111M1111111 complied by Bruce Rollins 0 Sexual Attitudes and Behaviours A Review of the Literature compiled by Bruce Rollins Australian Institute of Family Studies Bibliography Series 1989 ' Australian Institute of Family Studies Commonwealth of Australia 1989 Australian Institute of Family Studies 300 Queen Street Melbourne 3000 Australia Telephone (03) 608 6888 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Australian Institute of Family Studies. This work was generated by the Australian Institute of Family Studies. However, the contents do not necessarily reflect the position of the Institute and its endorsement is not to be inferred. National Library of Australia Cataloguingin-Publication data Rollins, Bruce. Sexual attitudes and behaviours: a review of the literature, Bibliography. ISBN 0 642 14731 0. 1. Sex customs Australia. 2. Sexual behaviour surveys Australia. 3. AIDS (Disease) Australia Prevention.I.Australian Institute of Family Studies.II.Title. (Series: Australian Institute of Family Studies bibliography series). 306.770994 Typeset by ABB- Typesetting Pty Ltd Printed by The Book Printer 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables v Contributors vi AIFS Bibliography Series vii The Brief viii Patterns of Sexual Behaviour: From Kinsey to the 1970s 1 Pre-marital Sexual Intercourse 2 Oral-genital Sex 5 Patterns of Sexual Behaviour: Australian Studies, 198048 7 Rural/Urban Differences 8 Media Surveys of Sexual Mores 9 School-aged Children's Sexual Experiences 12 Cohabitation 15 Heterosexual Adolescents and the Risk of HIV Infection 18 Pre-AIDS Studies of Sexual Mores in Australia 18 Post-AIDS Studies in America 20 Factors in Condom. Use 21 Adolescent Attitudes and Health Education 22 Women's Sexual Behaviours and Risk 25 Incidence of Oral Sex 26 Intravenous Drug Use: The AIDS Epidemic and Behavioural Change 29 American Studies 30 Australian Data 31 Needle/Syringe Substitution Programs 34 The Arrival of AIDS and Patterns of Homosexual Behaviour 37 J Behavioural Changes in the Homosexual Community in Response to the Threat of AIDS 41 Research Methodologies 50 Interviewer and Respondent Effects 50 Sampling 51 Descriptive, Cross-sectional or Longitudinal Survey Methods 52 Journalistic Surveys of Australian Female Sexual Behaviour 53 Summary 56 Australians Most at Risk of HIV Infection 56 Advertising and Educational Policy and Programs 58 Bibliography 60 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Contraceptive use by sexually-activeteenagers 5 2 Australian youth: age at first sexualintercourse 13 3A Age at first sexual intercourse: findings fromseveral studies 19 3B Proportions sexually experienced byage 19 4 Demographic characteristics of Kinsey and Wyattet al. samples 24 5 Incidence of selected sexual behaviours fromKinsey and Wyatt et al. surveys 26 6 HIV antibody positive persons, January-June1986, Victoria 34 vi CONTRIBUTORS This bibliography and review essay was commissioned by the Com- monwealth Department of Community Services and Health. Bruce Rollins was contracted by the Australian Institute of Family Studies to prepare the review essay and compile the bibliography. Bibliographic searching and collection management was provided by Deborah Whithear and Anita Emmanouilidis; final citation verification, editing and publication production by Mari Davis and Allyson Trainor. AIFS Bibliography Series The Bibliography Series is designed to provide timely reviews, annotations and listings of significant publications on topics pertaining to current research and policy interest. The Bibliography Series is closely associated with the Institute's bibliographic database project which is published as Australian Family & Society Abstracts and is also accessible in computer form online via CSIRO's AUSTRALIS. Bibliographies published to date: New Information Technology: Impacts on Families in Australia. An Annotated Bibliography compiled by Ruth Beresford, AIFS, Melbourne, May 1983, 60p. The Impact of Work on Family Functioning: A Review of the Literaturecom- plied by Graeme Brewer, AIFS, Melbouine, September 1983, 50p. Work and Family Functioning: An Annotated Bibliography Selected from Family Database compiled by Mari Davis, AIFS, Melbourne, September 1987, 143p. Homelessness: An Annotated Bibliography of Australian Research compiled by Jenny Loft and Mari Davis, AIFS, Melbourne, 1988, 165p. Adolescents and Family Problems: Books for Young Children compiled by Nadia Wheatley, AIFS, Melbourne, 1988, 64p. Children and Family Problems: Books for Young People compiled by Nadia Wheatley, AIFS, Melbourne, 1988, 40p. Australian Family & Society Abstracts compiled by Deborah Whithear, Volume 1, 1984 to Volume 5, 1988. Published annually. THE BRIEF The Commonwealth Department of Community Services and Health com- missioned this review of the literature on sexual behaviours and attitudes to sexual behaviour of various groups in the community. The intention of this review is to contribute to an understanding of changes in attitudes to sexual behaviours and in community patterns of sexual behaviour. The review was commissioned by the National AIDS Program in order to assist the development of AIDS education programs. The brief for the review required 'the preparation of a report on Aus- tralian and major overseas studies describing community patterns of sexual behaviour, with special reference to the period since 1978; reviewing and analysing the results of these studies, incorporating where available the findings of previous reviewers and commentators; reporting upon the re- liability and validity of the survey and poll results; and making comment upon the implications of the survey results for AIDS prevention, com- munity education strategies and programs for the general community, and specific sub-groups, for example, intravenous drug users, bisexual or homosexual men, and adolescents. Sources include commercial polls and sample surveys; work commissioned by governments and their agencies; studies by voluntary agencies; and academic studies'. Acknowledgements The task was greatly assisted by the co-operation of the Albion Street Clinic, Sydney; Dr Michael Ross, Co-ordinator AIDS Programme, South Australian Health Commission; Dr Benny Monheit, Health Department, Victoria; Bill Palmer, Project Officer, Gay and Married Men's Association, Melbourne; Dr Brian Kelly, Department of Psychiatry, University of