® PGI Visual Fortran Reference Manual Parallel Fortran for Scientists and Engineers Release 2011 The Portland Group While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, The Portland Group® (PGI®), a wholly-owned subsidiary of STMicroelectronics, Inc., makes no warranty for the use of its products and assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. The Portland Group retains the right to make changes to this information at any time, without notice. The software described in this document is distributed under license from STMicroelectronics and/or The Portland Group and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the end-user license agreement ("EULA"). 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Printed in the United States of America First printing: Release 2011, 11.0, December, 2010 Second Printing: Release 2011, 11.1, January 2011 Third Printing: Release 2011, 11.3, March 2011 Fourth Printing: Release 2011, 11.4, April 2011 Fifth Printing: Release 2011, 11.5, May 2011 Sixth Printing: Release 2012, 12.1, January 2012 Seventh Printing: Release 2012, 12.6, June 2012 Eighth Printing: Release 2012, 12.9, September 2012 Technical support: [email protected] Sales: [email protected] Web: www.pgroup.com ID: 122621238 Contents Preface .................................................................................................................................... xvii Audience Description ........................................................................................................... xvii Compatibility and Conformance to Standards ........................................................................... xvii Organization ....................................................................................................................... xviii Hardware and Software Constraints ....................................................................................... xviii Conventions ......................................................................................................................... xix Related Publications .............................................................................................................. xxi 1. Fortran Data Types ............................................................................................................ 1 Fortran Data Types .................................................................................................................. 1 Fortran Scalars ............................................................................................................... 1 FORTRAN 77 Aggregate Data Type Extensions ...................................................................... 3 Fortran 90 Aggregate Data Types (Derived Types) ................................................................ 4 2. Command-Line Options Reference ................................................................................. 5 PGI Compiler Option Summary ................................................................................................. 5 Build-Related PGI Options ................................................................................................ 6 PGI Debug-Related Compiler Options ................................................................................ 8 PGI Optimization-Related Compiler Options ........................................................................ 9 PGI Linking and Runtime-Related Compiler Options ............................................................. 9 Generic PGI Compiler Options ................................................................................................ 10 –M Options by Category ......................................................................................................... 49 Code Generation Controls ............................................................................................... 49 Environment Controls .................................................................................................... 53 Fortran Language Controls ............................................................................................. 54 Inlining Controls ........................................................................................................... 58 Optimization Controls .................................................................................................... 60 Miscellaneous Controls .................................................................................................. 70 3. OpenMP Reference Information ................................................................................... 79 Tasks ................................................................................................................................... 79 Task Characteristics and Activities .................................................................................... 79 Task Scheduling Points .................................................................................................. 79 iii Task Construct .............................................................................................................. 80 Parallelization Directives ....................................................................................................... 82 ATOMIC .............................................................................................................................. 82 BARRIER .............................................................................................................................. 83 CRITICAL ... END CRITICAL .................................................................................................... 83 C$DOACROSS ...................................................................................................................... 84 DO...END DO ...................................................................................................................... 85 FLUSH ................................................................................................................................ 87 MASTER ... END MASTER ....................................................................................................... 87 ORDERED ........................................................................................................................... 88 PARALLEL ... END PARALLEL .................................................................................................. 88 PARALLEL DO ...................................................................................................................... 90 PARALLEL SECTIONS ............................................................................................................. 91 PARALLEL WORKSHARE ... END PARALLEL WORKSHARE ............................................................. 92 SECTIONS … END SECTIONS ................................................................................................ 93 SINGLE ... END SINGLE .......................................................................................................... 94 TASK .................................................................................................................................... 95 TASKWAIT ............................................................................................................................. 96 THREADPRIVATE .................................................................................................................. 97 WORKSHARE ... END WORKSHARE ........................................................................................... 98 Directive Clauses ................................................................................................................... 98 COLLAPSE (n) .............................................................................................................. 99 COPYIN (list) ............................................................................................................... 99 COPYPRIVATE(list) ........................................................................................................ 99 DEFAULT .................................................................................................................... 100 FIRSTPRIVATE(list) ...................................................................................................... 100 IF() ........................................................................................................................... 100 LASTPRIVATE(list) ........................................................................................................ 100 NOWAIT ....................................................................................................................