ft State Library WA3 {tttti CaroTtna ll:C5 Rateign Vol. 2IL COMPREHENSIVE PLAN VOLUME VII RECREATION DEVELOPMENT GUIDE EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDIANS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN VOLUME VII RECREATION DEVELOPMENT GUIDE EASTERN BAND OF CHEROKEE INDIANS JUNE 1977 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/comprehensiveplav7cher STANDARD TITLE PAGE 1. Report No. 3. Recipient s Catalog No FOR TECHNICAL REPORT S 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Comprehensive Plan Volume VII June 1977 Recreation Development Guide - EBCI TT Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Rept. No EBCI June Myers 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Project/Task Work Unit No. N.C. DEPT. NATURAL & ECONOMIC RESOURCES DIVISION OF COMMUNITY SERVICES 11. Contract/Grant No. P.O. BOX 27687 - RALEIGH, N.C. 27611 CPA-NC-o4-00-1000 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report & Period Covered Department of Housing and Urban Development 451 Seventh Street, S .W . Washington, D.C. 20410 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstracts This development plan has been prepared as a flexible guide for the existing, future and potential recreation development for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and is designed to cover both the community and commercial elements of Cherokee's recreation. 17. Key Words and Document Analysis, (a). Descriptors 17b. Identlflers/Open-Ended Terms 17c. COSATI Field/Group 21. No. of Pages 18. Distribution Statement 19. Security Class(This Report) UNCLASSIFIED 152 ^.Security Class. (This Page) 22. Price UNCLASSIFIED Form CFSTI-35 (U-JO) - i - Appreciation is extended to the following persons who assisted in the prepara- tion of the Recreation Development Guide for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians: Susan Peake - For making us aware of Dr. Malone and his journalism program at Georgia State University and then arranging an introduction. Dr. Harry Malone - For allowing his class to develop a public rela- tions program for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and sharing his wealth of knowledge with us. Journalism Class - For creating an excellent Public Relations Program for the Cherokees, for their ideas expressed in conver- sations and meetings, the "Logo" and the pleasure of associating with each of them. Jim Cooper, Innkeeper; Holiday Inn, Cherokee, North Carolina - For all his interest and time spent on helping develop the "Public Relations Program" and the "Recreation Develop- ment Guide" and for providing rooms and meals during the field visit by Dr. Malone and students. Warren Dupree - For assisting in the overall development of the Recrea- tion Development Guide. PREPARED FOR: Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians John A. Crowe, Principal Chief Alvin E. Smith, Vice Chief Jerome Parker, Advisor Tribal Council Jonathan L. Taylor, Chairman Dan McCoy, Vice Chairman Joe Bradley Gerard Parker Newman Arneach Bertha Saunooke Roy Blankenship John Standingdeer Wilbur Sequoyah Bailey Coleman Gilliam Jackson Thomas Lambert PREPARED BY Cherokee Planning Board Dan McCoy, Chairman Bertha Saunooke, Vice Chairman Jonathan L. Taylor Frell Owl John A. Crowe June Maldanado Thomas Lambert Jim Cooper Brenda Nations Planning Staff Bob Blankenship, Tribal Planner Larry Callicutt, Human Resource Specialist Helen Sampson, Secretary TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDED BY: STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES Howard N. Lee, Secretary Division of Community Assistance Billy Ray Hall, Director Local Planning & Management Services Section Lenwood V. Long, Chief Western Field Office, Asheville, NC Alan Lang, Chief Planner *June Myers, Planner-in-Charge Hermon Rector, Draftsman Sigrid Ballew, Stenographer Phyllis Hipps , Stenographer ^Responsible for Project Preparation of this document was financed in part through an urban grant from the Department of Housing and Urban Development under the provisions of Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954, as amended. Recreation Development Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page No What Is Recreation? 1 Ambrosial Pleasures 1 Decorative Pleasures 1 Athletic Pleasures 2 Games 3 Fine Arts 3 Cherokee Recreation - Past 13 The Dance 13 Speicfic Dances 17 The Ball Game 28 Other Games 31 Mythology 33 The Need For Community Recreation 39 Recreation Planning 40 Recreation Goals 41 Recreation Administration 43 Recreation Commission 46 Recreation Advisory Committee 47 General Responsibilities of a Recreation Advisory Committee 49 Some Essential General Qualities of Advisory Com- mittee Members 50 Director's Relationship to the Advisory Committee 50 table of contents, cont . General Accepted Functions of an Advisory Committee 51 Recreation Director 52 Leadership and Organization 53 5. Community Recreation Development 55 Reference to Other Studies 55 Inventory 56 Development of Existing Recreation Areas 60 Recreation Program Activities 64 Suggested Special Program Areas 68 6. Commercial Recreation Development 71 I. Public Relations Program 72 "Share Native America" 73 Recreational Activities 78 Information Center 80 Tourism and Recreation 80 Publicity 83 Advertising - Billboards & Signs 88 II. Design For a Tourism Development Department 90 Organization Description 92 Chamber of Commerce - Proposed Goals & Functions 93 Proposed Goals & Function of Marketing 94 Questions 95 III. Problems, Prictices, and Potential 95 IV. Proposed Commercial Recreation Development 98 Recreation Program 98 Needed New Facilities 101 table of contents, cont V. Development of Selected Facilities 102 A. Golf Course 103 B. Ski Resort 117 C. Sportsmen's Center 133 D. Establishing An Archery Shop In Cherokee 134 E. Reservation Rivers And Streams 138 Environmental Assessment 145 TABLES Table No. Page No. 1. Dances of the Cherokees 27 2. Elements In Cherokee Myths 35 3. Qualla Civic Center Budget 1977-1978 45 4. Organization Description 92 5. Chamber of Commerce - Proposed Goals And Functions 93 6. Proposed Goals And Functions Of Marketing 94 7. Winter Climatic Summary - Oconalufty 125 8. Winter Climatic Summary - Bunches Bald 126 9. Six Year Average Monthly Temperatures - Bunches Bald 127 10. Probable Skiing Season Length 128 11. Comparison Of Three Sites Considered 131 MAPS Map No. Page No. 1. Community Recreation Centers and Recreation Facilities 57 table of contents, cont. ILLUSTRATIONS Number Page No 1. Indian Dancing (artist's sketch) 18 2. The Ball Game (artist's sketch) 29 3. Model Site Layout For A Cherokee Community Recreation Center 62 4. Cherokee Logo 74 5. Cherokee Logo - "Cherokee - Enriched By The Past, In Touch With The Future 75 6. Cherokee Logo - "Share Native America" 76 7. Information Center 81 8. Golf Course - Proposal 1 114 9. Golf Course - Proposal 2 116 10. Store Layout 136 11. Riverside - Downtown - Gatlinburg, Tennessee 140 12. Riverside - Downtown - Cherokee, North Carolina 141 13. Proposed - Riverwalk Park 142 FIGURES Number Page No 1. A Proposed Organization Chart For a Tourism Development Department 91 2. Profile Potential Ski Slopes 119 3. Profile Potential Ski Slopes 120 4. Schematic Layout 121 CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS RECREATION ? Recreation constitutes a refreshment in body and/or mind, as after work, some form of play, amusement, or relaxation used for this purpose, as games, sports, hobies or the like. Recreation is one of the pleasures man experiences and those experien- ces and activities which are put forth to secure pleasure are esthetic arts. The science of the esthetic arts is esthetology which may include ambrosial pleasures, decorative pleasures, athletic pleasures, games and the fine arts. Under the realm of fine arts, we shall include music, graphic art, drama, ro- mance, and poetry. Ambrosial Pleasures - The metabolic sense is the sense of taste and smell, these being varieties of one sense. While yet in the animal state, man learns to enjoy the ambrosial senses in partaking of food and drink and in inhaling the air laden with many particles given off by natural bodies; but in passing into the human state man invents a multiplicity of devices for making his food and drink and the air which he breathes pleasurable. Decorative Pleasures - Pleasures are potent motives for human activities. There is a group of activities produced by forms which result from pleasures. These may be denominated the pleasures of form from the standpoint of motive, or the arts of decoration from the standpoint of activities. Because there are pleasures of form there are activities of decoration and hence there are arts of decoration. Many activities produce objects solely to gratify the feelings of pleasure, Many activities are induced primarily by other motives and secondarily by pleas- ure. In the production of these objects, thought and labor are expended over and above the amount necessary to produce the object for utility in order that it may give pleasure, and if it does not give this additional pleasure it gives pain. Man is rarely content with utility, but he also desires pleasure from the objects which are produced through his activities. In both classes of endeavor the decorative arts are involved. The decorative arts are arts of form. Athletic Pleasures - In the esthetic arts we have to consider the pleasure derived from physical activity. In these arts appeal is made to the muscular sense. The new-born inherit more activity than is demanded for bare existence and this excess energy is converted into play or pleasure. Athletic plays are here called sports as we distinguish sports from another group of plays which is discussed later as games. Sports are athletic activities, games are intel- lectual activities; sports develop from mimicry to rivalry, games develop from dependence on sorcery for success to dependence on skill for success. If we understand the distinction between sports and games we are better prepared to understand the nature of sports themselves. Sports and games alike are activ- ities, and the distinction which we draw between energy and activity is that activity is the form of force which is controlled or directed by the mind, while energy is a form of force which is controlled or directed by another form force, which is also energy.