Have you ever looked deep into the eyes of an animal and felt entirely known? Often, the connections we TEDESCHI share with nonhuman animals represent our safest and most reliable relationships, o ering unique and and JENKINS profound opportunities for healing in periods of hardship. is book focuses on research developments, models, and practical applications of human-animal connection and animal-assisted intervention for diverse populations who have experienced trauma. Physiological and psychological trauma are explored across three broad and interconnected domains: 1) child maltreatment and family violence; 2) acute and post-traumatic stress stemming from military service, war, developmental trauma, and other sources; and 3) times of crisis, such as the ever-increasing occurrence of natural disasters, community violence and terror, injustice, and anticipated or actual grief and loss. Contributing authors, who include international experts in the elds of trauma and human-animal connection, explore how our relationships with animals can help build resiliency and foster healing to transform trauma. e inclusion of animals in a variety of formal and informal models of trauma recovery and emerging practice is discussed in depth, with particular attention paid to canine- and equine-assisted interventions and psychotherapy. Of central focus are the potential impacts to animals who provide trauma-informed services, and how we can both respect their participation and implement best practices and ethical standards to ensure their well-being. As animals play important roles all over the world, cross-cultural and often overlooked animal-assisted and animal welfare applications also are highlighted throughout the text. Edited by Philip Tedeschi and Molly Anne Jenkins Foreword by Dr. Bruce D. Perry “Transforming Trauma is a book that many people have long been waiting for. e outstanding original transdisciplinary essays written by renowned scholars cover a wide array of topics, all of which focus on nonhuman animals’ ability to help us learn the importance of forming and maintaining deep, meaningful, and reciprocal relationships with them and other human animals.” — Marc Beko , author of Canine Con dential: Why Dogs Do What ey Do “Tedeschi and Jenkins have produced the go-to sourcebook on the role of animal-assisted interventions for children and adults coping with the debilitating e ects of psychological trauma. With diverse and engaging contributions from international experts in the eld, Transforming Trauma lls an important gap in the AAI/ anthrozoology literature, and it does so with considerable insight and compassion, not only for the human victims of trauma, but also for the animals who help them on the road to recovery.” — James A. Serpell, Professor of Animal Welfare and Ethics, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine “Tedeschi and Jenkins’ new book on trauma and AAI is more than a must-have addition to the eld. Besides being an extensive compendium of the state of the art and the science behind it, the volume includes seri- ous and refreshing discussions about our responsibilities to the animals involved in AAI and how we can evaluate their welfare. Read this book if you are interested in healing trauma in humans, preventing it in animals, and the science behind AAI. It’s a winner.” —Patricia McConnell, PhD & CAAB Emeritus, author of e Education of Will New Directions in the Human - Animal Bond ISBN: 978-1-55753-795-9 PURDUE UNIVERSITY PRESS West Lafayette, Indiana Ë|xHSLFPHy537959zv;:%:#:*:; www.press.purdue.edu USD $42.95 PURDUE NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE HUMAN-ANIMAL BOND Series editors: Alan M. Beck and Marguerite E. O’Haire, Purdue University A dynamic relationship has always existed between people and animals. Each influences the psychological and physiological state of the other. This series of scholarly publications, in collaboration with Purdue University’s College of Veterinary Medicine, expands our knowledge of the interrelationships between people, animals, and their environment. Manuscripts are welcomed on all aspects of human-animal interaction and welfare, including therapy applications, public policy, and the application of humane ethics in managing our living resources. Other titles in this series: A Reason to Live: HIV and Animal Companions Vicki Hutton That Sheep May Safely Graze: Rebuilding Animal Health Care in War-Torn Afghanistan David M. Sherman Animal-Assisted Interventions in Health Care Settings: A Best Practices Manual for Establishing New Programs Sandra B. Barker, Rebcca A. Vokes, and Randolph T. Barker Moose! The Reading Dog Laura Bruneau and Beverly Timmons Leaders of the Pack: Women and the Future of Veterinary Medicine Julie Kumble and Donald F. Smih Exploring the Gray Zone: Case Discussions of Ethical Dilemmas for the Veterinary Technician Andrea DeSantis Kerr, Robert “Pete” Bill, Jamie Schoenbeck Walsh, and Christina V. Tran Pet Politics: The Political and Legal Lives of Cats, Dogs, and Horses in Canada and the United States Susan Hunter and Richard A. Brisbin, Jr. Free Market Dogs: The Human-Canine Bond in Post-Communist Poland Michał Piotr Pręgowski and Justyna Włodarczyk Teaming With Your Therapy Dog Ann R. Howie Come, Let Me Guide You: A Life Shared With a Guide Dog Susan Krieger Animal Cruelty and Freedom of Speech: When Worlds Collide Abigail Perdue and Randall Lockwood Edited by Philip Tedeschi and Molly Anne Jenkins Foreword by Dr. Bruce D. Perry Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, Indiana Copyright 2019 by Purdue University. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Tedeschi, Philip, 1961– editor. | Jenkins, Molly Anne, 1979– editor. Title: Transforming trauma : resilience and healing through our connections with animals / [edited by] Philip Tedeschi, Molly Anne Jenkins. Other titles: New directions in the human-animal bond. Description: West Lafayette, Indiana : Purdue University Press, [2019] | Series: New directions in the human-animal bond | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019008633 | ISBN 9781557537959 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781612495200 (epub) | ISBN 9781557538505 (epub open access knowledge unlatched) | ISBN 9781612495194 (epdf) Subjects: | MESH: Animal Assisted Therapy — methods | Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders — therapy | Bonding, Human-Pet | Resilience, Psychological Classification: LCC RM931.A65 | NLM WM 450.5.A6 | DDC 615.8/5158 —​ dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019008633 An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of librar- ies working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books Open Access for the public good. The Open Access ISBN for this book is 978-1-55753-850-5. Cover image: “Safe” by Elicia Edijanto, 2014, watercolor on paper. From the artist: “My art is my cathartic release, just like a journal or diary where I can share my feelings. For me, nature is always the best remedy. River flowing, herd of horses running, sun setting, moving grasses of the savanna, and so forth can always bring tranquility and reassure my mind. The relationship between human and animals and nature is very beautiful. I use children and animal as my subjects because they’re honest and sincere. They both have inimitable compassion toward each other. It’s so easy to catch the subtleties in their gestures and expressions because they’re unpretentious. Back in the old days, we used to live in nature, side by side with all its elements—human, animals, plants, in harmony. We used to live in balance and complement each other. This thought has such a calming effect on me, and when I put it in a painting, I feel a wonderful peace inside. I want people to feel it too. I want to share this beautiful feeling.” Dedications Philip Tedeschi Some of my most trusted and reliable friends are nonhuman animals. Fortunately, in my own life, the human-animals who raised and loved me were trustworthy as well. I want to express my deepest gratitude to my parents — John and Anne Tedeschi, both inspired intellectuals and schol- ars — whose commitment to issues of social justice, respect for others, and learning is only surpassed by the love they have for their children. In the safe harbor of our home, my sisters and I were encouraged to learn, to think for our ourselves, and to seek adventure and exploration. Throughout my life, these gifts have helped me connect with animals and the natural world, as well as raise a family of my own. This book and its penetrating message of wonder and hope is dedicated to the loves of my life: my wife, Rebecca Albright, and my children, Gemma, Ruby, and Micah Tedeschi. You power my world, and it has been my genuine honor to share this life with you. My heartfelt gratitude goes out to my fantastic colleagues and the indomitable team at the Institute for Human-Animal Connection at the Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver. You are many and you know who you are. Namaste. Molly Anne Jenkins I owe a great debt of gratitude to my dear ones — both human and animal, too many to count or mention here — who offered insight and surrounded me with encouragement throughout the creation of this most exciting book. Thank you, Phil, for always inspiring me to come into my own and to take the conversation in new, unexplored directions. To mom, my first editor: thank you for your unwavering dedication to the causes that matter, for your support of me and my writing, for giving me Riley when I needed him most. With all my love, I dedicate the pages that follow to my sweet little family — Queenie, whose friendship swells my heart; Murray, who keeps me ever on my toes; and my wondrous Nick, who believes in me and says so, day in and day out. Contents Foreword xi Bruce D. Perry, MD, PhD Introduction Human Trauma and Animals: Research Developments, Models, and Practice Methods for Trauma-Informed Animal-Assisted Interventions Philip Tedeschi, MSSW, LCSW; and Molly A.