ELECTRONIC VERSION This soil survey is an electronic version of the original printed copy, dated June 1966. It has been formatted for electronic delivery. Additional and updated information may be available from the Web Soil Survey. In Web Soil Survey, identify an Area of Interest (AOI) and navigate through the AOI Properties panel to learn what soil data is available. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Soil Conservation Service In cooperation with TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION HOW TO USE THIS SOIL SURVEY REPORT THIS SOIL SURVEY of Bexar County, Tex., contains information that can be applied in managing farms and ranches; in selecting sites for roads, ponds, buildings, or other structures; and in appraising the value of tracts of land for agriculture, industry, or recreation. Locating Soils All the soils of Bexar County are shown on the detailed map at the back of this report. This map consists of many sheets that are made from aerial photographs. Each sheet is numbered to correspond with numbers shown on the Index to Map Sheets. On each sheet of the detailed map, soil areas are outlined and are identified by symbols. All areas marked with the same symbol are the same kind of soil. The soil symbol is inside the area if there is enough room; otherwise, it is outside and a pointer shows where the symbol belongs. Finding and Using Information The “Guide to Mapping Units” can be used to find information in the report. This guide lists all of the soils of the county in alphabetic order by map symbol. It shows the page where each kind of soil is described, and also the page for the capability unit, range site, or any other group in which the soil has been placed. Individual colored maps showing the relative suitability or limitations of soils for many specific purposes can be developed by using the soil map and information in the text. Interpretations not included in the text can be developed by grouping the soils according to their suitability or limitations for a particular use. Translucent material can be used as an overlay over the soil map and colored to show soils that have the same limitation or suitability. For example, soils that have a slight limitation for a given use can be colored green. Farmers and those who work with farmers can learn about use and management of the soil in the soil descriptions and in the discussions of the interpretative groupings. Ranchers and others interested in range can find, under “Range,” groupings of the soils according to their suitability for range, and also the plants that grow on each range site. Community planners and others concerned with suburban development can read about the soil properties that affect the choice of homesites, industrial sites, schools, and parks in the section “Suburban Development.” Engineers and builders will find, under “Engineering,” tables that give engineering descriptions of the soils in the county and that name soil features that affect engineering practices and structures. Scientists and others can read about how the soils were formed and how they are classified in the section “Formation, Classification, and Morphology of Soils.” Students, teachers, and others will find information about soils and their management in various parts of the text. Newcomers in Bexar County may be especially interested in the section “General Soil Map,” where broad patterns of soils are described. They may also be interested in the section “Additional Facts About the County.” Fieldwork for this survey was completed in 1962. Unless otherwise indicated, all statements in this report refer to conditions in the county at the time the survey was in progress. This survey of Bexar County was made cooperatively by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, and the city of San Antonio, Tex. It is part of the technical assistance furnished by the Soil Conservation Service to the Alamo Soil Conservation District. Soil Survey of Bexar County, Texas I Contents Page How this soil survey was made-----------------------------------------------------------1 General soil map------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 Tarrant-Brackett association------------------------------------------------------------3 Crawford-Bexar association ------------------------------------------------------------5 Austin-Tarrant association --------------------------------------------------------------5 Houston Black-Houston association --------------------------------------------------6 Lewisville-Houston Black, terrace, association--------------------------------------7 Venus-Frio-Trinity association----------------------------------------------------------8 San Antonio-Crockett association -----------------------------------------------------9 Hockley-Webb-Crockett association ------------------------------------------------ 10 Eufaula association--------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Descriptions of soils----------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Austin series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Bexar series----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Brackett series--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 Crawford series-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Crockett series--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Duval series ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 Eufaula series --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Frio series -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 Gowen series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Gullied land ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 Hilly gravelly land ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 Hockley series --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 Houston series -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 Houston Black series------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 Karnes series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 Krum series ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35 Leming series---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 Lewisville series ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Orelia series------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 39 Patrick series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 Pits and quarries ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 San Antonio series---------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 Stephen series--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Sumter series---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Tarrant series---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Trinity series ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 Venus series ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 Webb series------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 Willacy series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 Zavala series----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 Use and management of soils ---------------------------------------------------------- 58 Management of cultivated soils ------------------------------------------------------ 58 Control of water erosion --------------------------------------------------------- 58 Control of wind erosion ----------------------------------------------------------- 59 Fertility management-------------------------------------------------------------- 61 Irrigation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 Capability groups of soils-------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Predictions of crop yields-------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Soil Survey of Bexar County, Texas II Use and management of soils—continued Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86 Range sites and condition classes --------------------------------------------- 87 Descriptions of range sites------------------------------------------------------- 88 Management of rangeland ------------------------------------------------------101 Engineering -----------------------------------------------------------------------------102 Engineering classification systems--------------------------------------------103 Soil properties and engineering interpretations -----------------------------103 Test data----------------------------------------------------------------------------105 Suburban development ---------------------------------------------------------------105 Foundations------------------------------------------------------------------------105 Sewage-disposal