Mercury Deposits in Turkey

Mercury Deposits in Turkey

SUJWEt f B 2 2 1979 Mercury Deposits in Turkey g GEOLOGICALSURVEYBULLETIN1456 G S Prepared in cooperation with s Maden Tetkik ve. Arama Enstitusii ><w O n o*o crq OJ no- Mercury Deposits in Turkey By MEHMET YILDIZ and EDGAR H. BAILEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1456 Report prepared in cooperation with Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitusu Mineralogy, geologic setting, size-grade of mercury ore bodies; brief history of productive mines UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1978 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 78-600147 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington, D. C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-03134-5 CONTENTS Page Abstract -_-_._._._-_-_-_._._-_._._-_-_-_---_-_-_._-_-_---------_._._-- 1 Introduction ._._._._._-_._._._._._-_-_-_-_-_-----_-_._---_-_-----_---_ 1 Number and location of deposits .__----_-_ ._-_-_-_-_._-_-_-__-._ ._._ 2 History of mining -_-_-_-_---_-_-_-----_-_-----_-_-_-_---_---------_---- 3 Mercury deposits -_._-_-_._._-_-_---_-_-_---_-_-_-_-_-_----------__.--- 6 Geologic framework -_._._.___._---_-_-_-_ -_-_-_--.--_-___._-_-_-_ 6 Host rocks ____-_-_-___________---_-_-_---_-_-___-_-_-_-_---_-_-_-_ 10 Mineralogy ------------.-----.- ~------------------------^.------ 10 Size and grade ---_._..--...-._._._._._-_-___-_-_-_-_____._-_-_--._ 12 Origin and localization ._._._-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_-_._.--_ 12 Descriptions of areas and mines -_-_-_-_-___---_-_-_-_-----_-_-_-------_ 14 Karaburun area -_._._._._ -_-_-_-_-_ -_-_-_-_ -_-_-_-,. 14 Karaburun mine (1) ._._.___---_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_._.--_-_-_._-_-_-_ 14 Karareis mine (2) ._._._._._-_-_---_-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_-_._._-_._-_ 20 Dikengik mind (3) -..-._ ._-.._..._._._._._._._._._._.___ 21 Tire area -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_---_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_ ---_---_._ 23 Habibler mine (4) ._._._._-----_-_---_-_---_._._._..-.._..._._-- 24 Akmesc.it mine (5) .___._ ._-_.___._ -_._._ ._ ._._._ 24 Helvaci deposits (6) ._._._._-_._._._ -___-_-_._ -_._._ 26 Odemis. area -_-_-_-_,_._-_-_._-_-_-_-_---_-_-_._._-_._-----_-_-_-_ 26 Halikoy mine (7) .........----_._.-._.----.._.---_.-._.- .-.. 27 Tiirkomi mine (8) ._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.. 30 Qamlica deposits (9) ._._._._._._-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_-_-_._-_._._._._ 32 Kahvedere deposit (10) ._ ....._......._._..............._.... 32 Salihli area ........ .. ._........ .... ..................... 32 Salihli deposits (11) ....._._..............._......._....._...... 35 Alagehir area -_-_-_-_-_._-_-_---_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_.- 35 Ala§ehir mine (12) ._._.___-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_._._-_-_-_-_-_._ 35 Murat Dagi area -_-_-_-_-_-_._---_._-_---_-_-_-_._---_-_-_.___-_-_ 39 Baltali group (13) ............ ._..._.....__...... 40 Kestanelik Tepe mine (14) ._._._ __.__.,_._._.___-_-_ __ 44 Intepe mine (15) ._-_._-_._---_._-_-_-_-_-_-_._-_---_-_-_.--_-_ 45 Cigekli Kayasi Tepe mine (16) -_._-_-_-_-_-_._._-_-_.,____._._ 46 Agirsak Kayasi Tepe mine (17) ._-_._-_-_._-_-___._---_._-___._ 46 Karacahisar mine (18) -_-_---- -----_-_---_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_._-_ 47 Evrentdede deposits (19) ._._-_ -_-_-_ -_-_-_-_._._ -_.___ 50 Ivrindi area -_-_-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_-_-_-_-----_-_-_._._-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_ 50 Ivrindi occurrences (20) -__--_._-_-_-_-_-_-_._-_._-_-_-_._-_._-_ 50 Biga area -_-_-_-_-_-_._-_._-_._---_-_-_-_-_-_-_._-_-_-_---_-_-_._-_ 52 Hodul Koy mine (21) .......................................... 52 Izmit area -_-_-_-_-_-_..-_-_._-_-_._---_-_-_-_-_._-_._---_-_-_._-_ 53 Mudarli mine (22) ._._._._._._._._._._ ._._____._._._._.... 53 Sogiit area -_-_-_-_-_-_-_---_.___-_-_---_-_---_-_._._-_-_-___ --._ 55 Sbgiit occurrences (23) __._._ ._-_-___-_-_.___._._..___-_-_._-_._ 55 Inebolu area -_-_-_._-_-_-_-__--_-_-_-_-_-_-_-___-_-_-_-_-_-_..---_ 55 Seyhsaban mine (24) ._._- -_-_._-_-_-_-_._._-_-_._._-_._._ 56 ill iv CONTENTS Descriptions of areas and mines Continued Page Konya area -_-_-_-_-_-___-_-_-_.._-_-_-_____________________________ 57 Sizma mines (25) __-_-_-_-_-_____-_-___-___-___-_-_-___________ 59 Ladik mines (26) ____ --. .__-- ___ __ ______ 65 Nigde area ________________________________________________________ 72 Gumiisler mine (27) __._._._._._._._._._______.___._._._.___ 73 Mehmetleryurdu Sivrisi Tepe mine (28) ______ -_-_____-___ 77 Other deposits __-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_____________-___-_-___________ 78 References cited _________________________________________________________ 78 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURE 1. Map of Turkey showing location of mercury deposits -_-_____ 5 2. Graph showing mercury production in Turkey, 1906-74 .___ 7 3. Map of Turkey showing the relation of the mercury areas to the main structural provinces -___-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-___ 9 4. Map of the Karaburun Peninsula showing location of Karabu- run, Karareis, and Dikengik mercury mines ._-___-___-___ 14 5. Photograph of Karaburun mine viewed looking south ________ 16 6. Geologic map and cross section of the Karaburun (Kalecik) mine area __-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-___.._---_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_ 19 7. Photograph showing workers removing "burnt" ore from retorts at the Karaburun mine -_-_-_-___---_-_-_-_-_---_-_-_-_-_ 20 8. Generalized east-west section through Karareis mercury de­ posit ____-___-_-_._____________________-_-_-___.___ 22 9. Map of Tire area showing the location of the Habibler, Akmes- c,it, and Helvaci mercury mines -_-_-_---------___-_-----_ 23 10. Geologic map showing Akmesc.it mine and other mercury occur­ rences nearby -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-___---_-_-_-_-_---_-_-_-- 25 11. Map of the gneiss-schist contact from the Halikoy mine to the Kahvedere deposits ________._-_-_-_._- ._-_____-_-_._ 28 12. Map and section of Halikoy mine, 1964, from CENTO (1964) 29 13. Photograph of Halikoy furnace plant in 1966 ._-_-_-_-_._-_ 31 14. Map of the Qamlica mercury area _____--_-_-_-_---_-___---_ 33 15. Geologic map of the Kahvedere mercury area __-_._-_-_-_-_ 34 16. Geologic map of the area south of Alasehir showing the location of mercury and antimony deposits and outline of the Alasehir mine area -_-_-_______-_-___________-_-_-_-___._-_-_-_-_ 36 17. Geologic map of Ala§ehir mine area __---___-_-_-_-_-___---_ 37 18. Photograph of Alasehir mine camp and retort area ._-__--_-_ 38 19. Photograph showing bank of retorts in use at the Ala§ehir mine in 1966 ______________._-___-___._ -___________ 38 20. Map of the Murat Dagi area northwest of Banaz showing areas covered by geologic maps of mercury occurrences (figs. 22, 24, and 27) ._.______.__._._._._ __._._.___._._._ ._._._ 39 21.

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