® WHAT BREEDS MAKE UP ASPEN? The Wisdom Panel® Insights™ computer algorithm performed over seven million calculations using 11 different models (from a single breed to complex combinations of breeds) to predict the most likely combination of pure and mixed breed dogs in the last 3 ancestral generations that best fit the DNA marker pattern observed in Aspen. The ancestry chart depicting the best statistical result of this analysis is shown in the picture below. Staffordshire Staffordshire American Staffs. American Staffs. Mixed Mixed Dachshund Dachshund Bull Terrier Bull Terrier Terrier Terrier Breed† Breed† Staffordshire American Staffs. Mixed Dachshund Bull Terrier Terrier Breed† Aspen Dachshund / Staffordshire American Staffs. Bull Terrier Cross Terrier Mix Dachshund / Staffordshire Bull Terrier Cross crossed with American Staffs. Terrier Mix ® WHAT DOES THE MIXED BREED ANCESTOR MEAN FOR MY DOG? We have identified for you the 5 next best breed matches which appeared in the analysis of your dog's DNA. One or more of these breeds could have contributed to the genetic makeup of the ancestors indicated by the mixed breed icon. The breeds are listed by the relative strength of each result in our analysis with the most likely at the top of the list. There could also be a breed or breeds present in the mixed breed component that we cannot detect with our current database of purebred dogs. Old English 12.88% Sheepdog German Short 5.30% Haired Pointer American 2.64% Water Spaniel Smooth 1.71% Fox Terrier Labrador 1.42% Retriever HOW WISDOM PANEL INSIGHTS WORKS The process started when you sent a sample to our laboratory, where the DNA was extracted from the cells and examined for the 321 markers that are used in the test. The results for these markers were sent to a computer, that evaluated them using a program designed to consider all of the pedigree trees that are possible in the last three generations. The trees considered include a simple pedigree with a single breed (a likely pure-bred dog), two different breeds at the parental level (a first-generation cross), all the way up to a complex tree with eight different great-grandparent breeds allowed. Our computer used information from over 190 breeds from our breed database to fill these potential pedigrees. For each of the millions of combinations of ancestry trees built and considered, the computer gave each a score representing how well that selected combination of breeds matched to your dog’s data. The pedigree with the overall best score is the one which is shown on the ancestry chart. Only breeds that reached our set confidence threshold for reporting are reported in the ancestry chart. ® AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER HEIGHT: 17 - 19 in WEIGHT (SHOW): 40 - 60 lb WEIGHT (PET): 38 - 68 lb Terrier EARS MUZZLE TAIL American Staffordshire The American Staffordshire Terrier can trace its roots all the way back to the nineteenth century in England. The English Staffordshire Terrier was created when various terriers were crossed with the Bulldog. The crossbreeding resulted in the active and powerful breed that came to the attention of the United States public in 1870. American breeders then focused their attention and efforts to increasing the size and weight of the American Staffordshire Terrier. These breeding efforts resulted in a Staffordshire Terrier that was recognized as a separate breed by the American Kennel Club in 1936. In 1972, the current name of “American Staffordshire Terrier” was adopted. The American Staffordshire Terrier was once used primarily for fighting. That practice, however, was banned in the early 1900’s and two separate variations of the breed were gradually developed. The American Staffordshire Terrier can be any color, with solid, particolor, or patched black, brown, tan, brindle (black and brown striped), liver, red or fawn. Black or blue mask, brindle or tan points are commonly seen traits in this breed. Ears may also appear different due to cropping. DO YOU RECOGNIZE ANY OF THESE AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER TRAITS IN ASPEN? Very loyal to family and usually good with Intelligent, hard-working, and stoic dogs. children. May not get along well with other dogs. American Staffordshire Terriers seem to enjoy There have been reported incidents of American dog sports such as agility, flyball, rally and Staffordshire Terriers being aggressive with other competitive obedience. pets or people. ® STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIER HEIGHT: 13 - 16 in WEIGHT (SHOW): 24 - 38 lb WEIGHT (PET): 23 - 46 lb EARS MUZZLE TAIL Bull Terrier Bull Staffordshire The origin of the Staffordshire Bull Terrier can be traced back to the seventeenth century. As the sport of bull baiting declined in popularity in England and dogfights became more common, the need for a smaller and more agile fighting dog than the larger bulldog and mastiff that had been used became clear. Bulldogs were bred to reduce their size and eventually a cross between these smaller dogs and the Black and Tan Terrier resulted in the Staffordshire Bull Terrier. Eventually dog fighting also began to lose its popularity and was finally outlawed in 1835. The Staffordshire Bull Terrier remained in favor with working class families, however, and soon after the ban on dog fighting a group of workers in the Staffordshire area attempted to preserve the breed by introducing it into the world of dog shows. The breed was officially introduced to the Kennel Club in England in 1935, and was accepted into the American Kennel club in 1974. The Staffordshire Bull Terrier comes in red, fawn, black, white, blue (gray), brindle (black and brown striped), and lighter shades of brindle. These colors are seen either solid or particolor with white. DO YOU RECOGNIZE ANY OF THESE STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIER TRAITS IN ASPEN? Intelligent, tenacious, and quiet dogs. Sometimes Staffordshire Bull Terriers seem to enjoy referred to as “nanny dogs” because they are dog sports such as agility, flyball, rally and usually good with children. competitive obedience. Stubborn tendencies may be lessened by using There have been reported incidents of reward-based training involving small treats and Staffordshire Bull Terriers being aggressive with favorite toys. other pets or people. ® DACHSHUND HEIGHT: 5 - 11 in WEIGHT (SHOW): 13 - 31 lb WEIGHT (PET): 17 - 32 lb EARS MUZZLE TAIL Dachshund The Dachshund, also known as the “hot dog” or “wiener dog,” dates back to the fifteenth century. Many accept the theory that the breed originated in Germany, although there is evidence that suggests that the breed may also have been present in Greece, Egypt, China and Mexico. The Dachshund was originally developed to hunt badgers, but they are also well-suited for hunting larger game. In 1888 the German Dachshund Club was founded and a breed standard was developed in an effort to promote a dog that was as beautiful as it was intelligent. Three different coats are associated with the breed, including the smooth coat, long coat and wirehaired coat. Dachshunds also come in different sizes including standard and miniature. The breed was introduced to the United States in 1885 and received American Kennel Club recognition at that time. The Dachshund is one of the more diverse breeds with three coat variants of wirehaired, shorthaired, and longhaired, as well as two size variants of miniature and standard. The coat color is generally solid or bicolor with combinations of light and dark black and tan shades. The brindle and dapple patterns are also sometimes seen in this breed as well as blue eyes. DO YOU RECOGNIZE ANY OF THESE DACHSHUND TRAITS IN ASPEN? Enjoy activities that take advantage of its keen sense of smell like earthdog trials and both Alert, lively and active dogs. outdoor and indoor tracking. Many retrieve tennis balls. Because of their background as hunting dogs may May be suspicious or fearful of strangers, in some engage in behaviors such as barking, scratching at cases as a way to avoid discomfort from being the ground or digging and chasing wildlife. picked up due to their long-backed body. THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING WISDOM PANEL INSIGHTS TO LEARN ABOUT YOUR DOG’S FAMILY ANCESTRY Congratulations on taking the steps to learn about your dog's ancestry and to understand what breeds are in your mixed breed dog using Wisdom Panel Insights! Knowing your dog’s breeds is more than a novelty - it is a medical necessity. Each breed in your pooch’s genetic paw print has unique health concerns you should know about so that you can provide a lifetime of excellent care. Visit www.Genesis4Pets.com to find out more about your dog’s health-care needs: you’ll feel better knowing that you’re doing everything you can to keep your pal happy and healthy. In addition to loads of free, easy-to-understand information based on the latest medical research, you will receive a 50% discount on all downloadable health-care booklets that explain the common health concerns for individual breeds. Simply enter promotional code WISDOM when you check out to receive your discount (expires 30 days after you receive your Wisdom Panel report). We recommend discussing your dog’s ancestry report with your veterinarian, as he or she can help you use your Wisdom Panel Insights report to help better care for Aspen. The next time you visit your veterinarian, consider asking these questions in addition to any you come up with on your own: • Are there any specific issues that may be relevant to my dog’s well-being? • Are there any special techniques that may help in training a dog with this particular mix? • Are there any particular dietary considerations to bear in mind for a dog like mine? BECAUSE YOU LOVE YOUR DOG - SHARE HIS STORY! Join our online community of mixed-breed dog owners and share your dog’s Wisdom Panel Insights report with the world.