Appendix I: Glossary and Abbreviations (D) refers to terms used by the Don Army. Accounts Clerk (D) Schotnyy chinovnik Almighty Voysko of the Don (D) Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye (White Cossacks under Krasnov, Bogayevsky) All-Russian Central Executive Vserossiysky Tsentralnyy Committee of the Soviets Ispolnitelnyy Komitet (VtsIK) Sovetov All-Russian Cheka Vserossiyskaya Chrezvychaynaya komissiya po borbe s kontrrevolyutsiyey i sabotazhem All-Russian Chief of Staff Vserossiysky glava shtaba (Vseroglavshtaba) All-Russian Constituent Assembly Vserossiyskoye uchreditellnoye sobraniye All-Russian Council of the National Vserossiysky sovet narodnogo Economy khozyaystva (VSNKh) All-Russian General Staff Vserossiysky glavnyy shtab All-Union vsesoyuznyy Almighty Voysko of the Don (D) Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye (White Cossacks under Kaledin, Krasnov, Bogayevsky) anti-profiteer detachment zagraditelny otryad (formed in January 1918 to protect food stocks and prevent illegal trading) area (1) volost' (subdivision of okrug) (2) rayon Armed Forces of South Russia Vooruzhonyye Sily Yuzhnoy Rossii, name given to the joint White forces in January 1919. Denikin was placed in overall command of: (1) Volunteer Army (May-Mayevsky), (2) Almighty Voysko of the Don (Don Cossacks under Krasnov, succeeded in February 1919 by Afrikan Bogayevsky), (3) Kiev District (Dragomirov), (4) Caucasus Army (Vrangel) Armoured Car Section (D) Bronevoy divizion Armoured Car Squad (D) Bronevoy vzvod Army Group front army in the field (D) deystvuyushchaya armiya Army Technical Branch armeysky tekhnichesky kontingent (armtekont) 239 Appendix I: Glossary 240 arshin pre-revolution measure of length, 0.71 metres approx. Assistant Pomoshchnik attested utverzhdayu (lit. T confirm') audit commission khozyaystvennaya komissiya Auditor (D) KontroE authorized representative upolnomochennyy (upol-) Base Food Shop Bazprodmagazin Black Hundreds Chornyye Sotni (extremist right wing Russian nationalists, noted for their anti-Semitism) Board of Criminal Investigation Upravleniye Ugolovnogo Rozyska Caucasus Front Kavkazskiy front (as the South-Eastern Front was renamed from January 1920) Cavalry Sergeant (D) vakhmistr Central Committee TsentraE nyy komitet (TsK) Central Management of Coal Industry TsentiaEnoye prsmyshlennosti Central School of Soviet and Party TsentraE naya Shkola Sovetskogo i Construction Partiynogo StroiteE stva Central Supply Administration TsentraEnoye upravleniye snabzheniy (TsUS) chain of command armeyskiye apparaty Cheka (counter intelligence service) Chrezvychaynaya komissiya po bor'- bes kontrrevolyutsiyey i sabotazhem Chief Clerk DeloproizvoditeE Chief Instructor voyennyy rukovoditeE (voyenruk) C. -in-C. (Commander-in-Chief) Glavnokomanduyushchiy Chief of Staff Nachal'nik shtaba (Nashtab) Civil Authority Grazhdanskoye upravleniye (Grazhdupr) command staff komandsostav (i.e. Red Army officers, called 'komandir' in Soviet terms to avoid connotations of the word 'ofitser' from the pre-revolutionary Tsarist army) Commission in charge of Stores kontrekhozkomissiya Committee for Supplies (D) Komitet Snabzheniya Communications Section Otdel putey soobshcheniya communique soobshcheniye/informatsionnyy byulleten Communist cell kommunisticheskaya yacheyka Comrades Court tovarishcheski sud Cossack ranks see Ranks in White forces Cossack Section of All-Russian Central Kazachiy otdel VTsIKa Executive Committee Council of Executive Heads (D) Sovet Upravlyaushchikh Otdelami Appendix I: Glossary 241 (administered the Voysko between sessions of the Krug) Council for the National Economy sovet narodnogo khozyaystvo (sovnarkhoz) Council of People's Commissars sovet narodnykh komissarov (Sovnarkom) Counter-insurgency Forces Ekspeditsionnyye voyska creameries maslodeE nyye arteli Daredevil Team komanda smel' chakov dear as a salutation Russians start a letter with the word dorogoy only if writing to family members or close friends. As documents in this selection are official communications they are prefaced with 'Esteemed' or 'Highly esteemed' (mnogo/uvazhayemy. Adapting to the English equivalent I have translated both these terms as 'Dear...' de-Cossackification raskazachivaniye Defence Council Sovet oborony Department of Finance (D) Otdel Finansov Department of Food Supply (D) Otdel ProdovoE stviya Department of Information and Otdeleniye Informatsii i svyazi Communications (D) Department of Internal Affairs (D) Otdel Vnutrennikh Del Department of Public Education (D) Otdel Narodnogo Prosveshcheniya Director (D) upravlyayushchiy District (1) uyezd, from 1929 rayon (administrative division of oblast') (2) in Cossack territory okrug (D), administrative division of Voysko (3) In 1918 the territory of the Soviet Republic was divided into 11 Military Districts division of artillery divizion (usually consisted of 2-3 batteries, each battery containing 8, sometimes 6 guns) doctor vrach Donbass Donetsky kamennougolny basseyn Don Army Voysko Donskoye, White Cossack force under (1) Kaledin November 1917 to February 1918, (2) May 1918 P. N. Krasnov; (3) February 1919 A. P. Bogayevsky. Ataman Krasnov resuscitated the old name Vsevelikoye in 1918. Allied to the Volunteer Army. Subordinated to Denikin's overall command from December 1918 242 Appendix I: Glossary Donburo Donskoye Buro of the RKP (b) Emergency Committee for Supplies Chrezkomsnab Empowered to act upolnomochenny ensign praporshchik Entente the Entente Cordiale, 1904, which allied Britain and France against Germany in the First World War Evening Times Vecherneye vremya Executive Committee IspolniteE ny komitet (ispolkom) Extraordinary Supply Commission Chrezkomsnab field controller polevoy kontrolyor field hospital lazaret field station okolodka file delo, subdivision of opis' (the alternative form yedineniye sokhraneniya has also been abbreviated to d. in our headings) First Cavalry Army Pervaya Konnaya Armiya (Konarmiya) folio list (page in delo) Food Supply Administration Uprodkom Food Supply Army ProdovoEstvenno-rekvisitsionnaya armiya Narkomproda RSFSR (Prodarmiya) Food Supply Section Prodov. [oE stvennyy] Otdel food requisitioning prodrazvyorstka food supply commission prodovol' stvennaya komisiya Fortified District ukreplyonny rayon (ukreprayon) Front (Army Group) front (exercising control over several Armies) GARO State archive of Rostov Oblast' (Gosudarstvenny arkhiv Rostovskoy oblasti) GHQ (General Headquarters) general' nyy shtab Green Army zelyonaya armiya Ground forces Sukhoputnyy otdel harness-maker shornik (saddler) Head of Military Administration (D) Nachal' nik Voyennogo Upravleniya Head of Paper Supply glavbum Head of Political Section Zavpolitdel Head of Staff for All-Russia Vseroglavshtab Head of Supply Administration Glavkhozupra Head of Supply of Equipment glavny nachaEnik snabzheniya prinadlezhnosti Headquarters (HQ) shtab Higher Council of the National Vysovnarkhoz Economy Appendix I: Glossary 243 Higher Military Council Vysshiy Voyennyy Sovet Higher rank officer (major, colonel) (D) shtab-ofitser Industry Board promburo Information input vkhodnaya informatsiya Information Unit informatsionnaya chast' inogorodniye non-Cossack inhabitants in Voysko areas inventory, headings of contents opis' (subdivision of fond) isolation hospital barak Junior officer ober-ofitser Junior NCO (D) mladshiy uryadnik Komsomol League of Youth Krug (D) Assembly of Cossack delegates kulaks better off peasants, usually employing some hired labour Labour conscription trudovaya povinnost' Labour Section Otdel truda lieutenant podkhorunzhy Lieutenant-Colonel, Lt. -Col (D) Voyskovoy starshina (in Cossack regiments) Main Commander-in-Chief Verkhovny glavnokomanduyushchiy (Glavkoverkh) Major (D) (In Cossack ranks) yesaul, (theoretically equivalent to kapitan in Tsarist army) Managerial Unit Komendantskaya chast' martial law voyennoye polozheniye Mayor Gorodskaya golova medical attendant fel' dsher (doctor's assistant, medical practitioner lacking graduate qualification) medical orderly sanitar middling Cossacks (or peasants) serednyaki Military Commissariat voyenyy kommissariat (voyenkom) Military Director voyennyy rukoviditel' (voyenruk) military hospital gospitaE Military Procurements Department otdel voyennykh zagotovok (Voyenzag) Ministry of Food Ministerstvo prodovol' stviya National Economy Narodnoye khozyaystvo New times Novoye vremya Note of Report Dokladnaya zapiska nurse medsestra oblast' sub-division of republic. The oblast' of the Donskoye voysko was divided into 9 Districts (okruga) operations section operativnyy otdel (operod) 244 Appendix I: Glossary Organizational Bureau of Central Organizatsionnoye Buro TsK Committee (Orgburo) 'outsiders' non-Cossack inhabitants in Voysko territory (inogorodniye) Parliament (of Voysko) (D) Krug Party Court Partiynyy sud Party worker politrabotnik People's Commissar for Narodny komissar Internal Affairs vnutrennikh del (Narkomvnudel) Labour Narkom truda Land zemli (Narkomzem) Military Affairs Narkomvoyen Social Services Narkom sotsialnogo obespecheniya State Supervision gosudarstvennogo kontrolya Supplies Narkomprod Transport Communications Narkomput (putey soobshcheniya) People's police force militsiya (in Soviet terms to avoid connotations of the word 'politsiya' from the pre-revolutionary imperial police) Petrograd later Leningrad, St Petersburg Platov Revolutionary Mounted Platovsky Revolyutsionny konnyy Detachment otryad Plenopotentiary upolnomochennyy Policeman zhandarm (gendarme). The former imperial police were thus named by those who opposed the Tsarist regime Politburo