Actual Topics on Women’s Health Актуальные Вопросы Женского Здоровья ქალთა ჯანმრთელობის აქტუალური საკითხები ISSN 2298-0091 w ww .Actual to pi cswo men’s hea l th.o rg The 6th Volume of Journal is published by financial support of Sukhishvili Teaching University Пятый номер журнала издан при финансовой поддержки Учебного Университета Сухишвили Jurnalis meqvse nomeri ibeWdeba suxiSvilis saswavlo universitetis finansuri mxardaWeriT N6 (2014) Tbilisi UDC (uak) 061.231:614.253-055.2(479.22) +618.1 q-189 Editorial Board N. Zhvania Editor in Chief Kh.Kaladze Deputy Editor in Chief L. Skuratovskaia (Russia), Deputy Editor in Chief Sh. Avaliani, M. Balavadze, M. Beridze, K. Chelidze, K. Doklestic (Serbia), C. Griffioen (Netherland), M. Jebashvili, T. Kezeli, A. Khomassuridze, D. Metreveli, B. Pfleiderer (Germany), T. Sanikidze, M. Shakarashvili, E. Sukhishvili, Y. Tizabi, T. Vakhtangadze, M. Zodelava Proof Reader: D. Sokhadze Редакционная коллегия Н. Жвания – Главный Редактор Х.Каладзе – Зам. Гл. Редактора Л. Скуратовская (Россия), – Зам. Гл. Редактора Ш. Авалиани, М. Балавадзе, М. Беридзе, Т. Вахтангадзе, Ц. Грифиоен (Нидерланды), М. Джебашвили, К. Доклестик (Сербия), М. Зоделава, Т. Кезели, Д. Метревели, Б. Пфлейдерер (Германия), Т. Саникидзе, Е. Сухишвили, Дж. Тизаби, А. Хомасуридзе, К. Челидзе, М. Шакарашвили Корректор: Д. Сохадзе saredaqcio kolegia n. Jvania – mTavari redaqtori x. kalaZe – mT. redaqtoris moadgile l. skuratovskaia (ruseTi) – mT. redaqtoris moadgile S. avaliani, m. balavaZe, m. beriZe, c. grifioeni (niderlandebi), k. doklestik (serbeTi), T. vaxtangaZe, m. zodelava, T. kezeli, d. metreveli, b. pfleidereri (germania), T. sanikiZe, e. suxiSvili, j. tizabi, m. SaqaraSvili, a. xomasuriZe, k. WeliZe, m. jebaSvili koreqtori: d. soxaZe Dear Readers, Warm Greetings from Georgia! It’ s our great pleasure to present the new 6 th volume of the journal “Actual Topics on Women’s Health” to you. I express wish and hope of all the members of Journal Editorial Board that the information given in this Journal is important and interesting for you. We try to publish the scientific articles, which contain really new and actual information. Despite the actuality of problems on women’s health, it is not easy to get the articles in such a small country as Georgia. So, we are cordially inviting our readers - the doctors, biologists, and people of other professions from different countries to present their articles for the exchange of knowledge, experience and information. We are also ready to take into account your wishes, comments, interests, etc. for easier continuation of our work. We hope the information given in our Journal would be important and interesting for you. Thank you once again that you are the readers of our journal. With respect and best wishes, Nino Zhvania, MD. PhD., Editor in Chief President of Georgian Medical Women’s Association Associate Professor at Tbilisi Petre Shotadze Medical Academy 3 Sukhishvili Teaching University Education for Better Future Choose Sukhishvili University, Circle 058 Address: 9, Tskhinvali str. Gori Tel: +995 (370) 27 05 57; 9a, Politkovskaya str. Tbilisi Tel: + 995 (32) 251 94 95 E-mail: [email protected] www. Sukhishvili.edu.ge Since 1995 Sukhishvili University has been formed as one of the most successful universities of Georgia and took important place in educational system. The main mission of the university is to undertake educational policy obtained by the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia and to contribute reforms in educational sphere implemented by the government. The main task of the university is to prepare contemporary, high-qualified, competitive specialists, to deepen their knowledge and to form practical skills. 4 სუხიშვილის სასწავლო უნივერსიტეტი განათლება უკეთესი მომავლისთვის აირჩიე სუხიშვილის უნივერსიტეტი შემოხაზე 058 სწავლის საფასური # აკადემიური პროგრამის ადგილების დასახელება ქვოტა თბილისი გორი 1 ბიზნესის ადმინისტრირება 115 2250 2000 2 საერთაშორისო ურთიერთობები 75 2250 2000 3 ტურიზმი 120 2250 2000 4 საჯარო მმართველობა 100 2250 2000 5 ინგლისური ფილოლოგია 30 2000 1700 6 ფარმაცია 30 2000 1700 7 ეკოლოგია 35 2000 1700 8 აგრონომია 20 1800 1700 9 სატყეო საქმე 35 2000 1700 10 სასურსათო ტექნოლოგიები 20 1800 1700 11 საინფორმაციო ტექნოლოგიები 20 2000 1700 12 ქართული ენა 30 2000 2000 აზერბაიჯანულენოვანთათვის 13 ქართული ენა 30 2000 2000 სომხურენოვანთათვის 2015-2016 სასწავლო წლის მიღება აკრედიტებულ საბაკალავრო პროგრამებზე მისამართი: გორი, ცხინვალის გზ.#9 ტელ: 0370 27 05 57; თბილისი, ა. პოლიტკოვსკაიას ქ. #9ა 032 2 51 94 95 E-mail: [email protected] www. Sukhishvili.edu.ge 1995 წლიდან სუხიშვილის უნივერსიტეტი თავისი მრავალწლ-იანი გამოცდილებით ჩამოყალიბდა ერთ- ერთ წარმატებულ უნივერსიტე-ტად და მყარი ადგილი დაიკავა საგანმანათლებლო სივრცეში. უნივერსიტეტის ძირითად მისიას წარმოადგენს საქართველოს განათლებისა და მეცნიერების სამინისტროს საგანმანათლებლო პოლიტიკის გატარება და განათლების სფეროში სახელმწიფოს მიერ განხორციელებული რეფორმების ხელშეწყობა. უნივერსიტეტის მთავარი ამოცანაა თანამედროვე, მაღალკვალიფიციური, კონკურენტუნარიანი სპეციალისტების მომზადება, მათი აზროვნების გაღრმავება და პრაქტიკული უნარ-ჩვევების ჩამოყალიბება. 5 Admission at BA programs for 2015-2016 academic year Number of Fee # Programs places Tbilisi Gori 1 Business administration 115 2250 2000 2 International relations 75 2250 2000 3 Tourism 120 2250 2000 4 Public relations 100 2250 2000 5 English philology 30 2000 1700 6 Pharmacy 30 2000 1700 7 Ecology 35 2000 1700 8 Agronomy 20 1800 1700 9 Forestry 35 2000 1700 10 Food technologies 20 1800 1700 11 Information technologies 20 2000 1700 Georgian language for citizens of 12 30 2000 2000 Azerbaijan Georgian Language for citizens of 13 30 2000 2000 Armenia 6 CONTENTS P GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE - Washington, DC, USA -------------- 8 ALTERATION OF OXIDATIVE METABOLISM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF UVA IN WOMEN OF DIFFERENT AGES K. Berianidze, A. Katsitadze, T. Sanikidze, Tbilisi, Georgia ------------------------- 26 SOME ASPECTS OF PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTENSION IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN M. Buleishvili, N. Lobjanidze, G. Ormotsadze, L. Ratiani, T. Sanikidze, Tbilisi, Georgia --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 CITRUS EXTRACT IN PROPHYLACTIC OF CHRONIC DISEASES Gvilava, I. Chkvishvili. M. Giorgobiani, T. Sanikidze -------------------------------------- 44 SUGGESTED PROGRAM OF TRAINING EXERCISES FOR PREGNANT WOMEN AT "SCHOOL OF MOTHERHOOD" O. V. Goncharova, Moscow, Russia ----------------------------------------------------- 54 SEX BASED DIFFERENCES ON THE TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES N. Zhvania, Tbilisi, Georgia -------------------------------------------------------------- 67 THE EFFICACY OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINES IN PREVENTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL CANCER: A SUMMARIZED REVIEW OF SELECTED RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS. Iyad F. Jaber, Palestine, Jerusalem ------------------------------------------------------- 86 FROM OUTRAGE TO COURAGE, by Anne Firth Murray (The review of the book) L. Skuratovskaya, G. Drozdova, L. Cornelius Denver, USA, Moscow, Russia ---- INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS ------------------------------------------------------- 95 GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE Y. Tizabi, O. Prospéro- García, R. Moratalla Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA Laboratory of Cannabinoids, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine. UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico. Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain Although earlier publications on sex differences in response to ethanol tolerance were noted in late 1950’s [126], more serious attention to the issue of gender differences in alcohol effect and addiction to this age-old substance have been recognized more recently [33]. Part of the reason for absence of such studies was likely the reluctance of the investigators to include female subjects due to inadequate understanding of the influence of estrous cycle and consequent hormonal effects on drugs including alcohol. Initial studies of gender-related differences concentrated more on alcohol metabolism and sleep response where significant differences between old male and female mice were observed [26]. It is now well established that not only there are sex differences in pharmacokinetic effects of alcohol (e.g. metabolism and tolerance) but also in pharmacodynamic effects (e.g. the influence on the central nervous system and interactions with various neurotransmitters and/or receptors). These distinctions have been observed both in human as well as in animal studies [36, 37]. Thus, significant sex differences in actions at the molecular as well as the behavioral level including ethanol seeking and drinking, dependence and withdrawal have been reported. For example in an ethanol oral self-administration paradigm in rats, it was shown that whereas males and females initiated alcohol drinking at similar rates, females maintained their preference for ethanol over a longer duration. This difference was attributed to dihydrotestosterone levels in male and estradiol levels in females [2]. It has also been observed that female rats display a shorter time for recovery from ethanol withdrawal and that their GABAA receptor function is differentially altered compared to male rats [37]. Moreover, neurosteroids which are differentially expressed in males vs females and have been shown to modulate GABA function may also respond differently to ethanol [5, 46, 78].