Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association Performance-Enhancing and Banned Substances The WIAA is against the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids and other performance enhancing substances (PES). Member schools shall devote time each year to positive programs which highlight prevention and education of the risks, benefits and adverse effects of PES. Coaches, teachers, sports medicine staff and school administrators who ignore or encourage the use of PES, provide and/or sell PES to athletes (including indirect distribution through a third party) shall be subject to their own school’s provisions regarding discipline. A student-athlete is required to follow the school’s code of conduct on Anabolic Agents: a year-round (12 month) basis. Sometimes listed as a chemical formula such as 3,6,17-androstendione In-season violations of the school code will result in immediate suspen - Boldenone Nandrolone Tetrahydroges- sion of the student from interscholastic competition for no less than one Clenbuterol Stanozolol trinone (THG) day of competition (but not less than one complete game or meet) for Methylhexanamine Trenbolone acts (a) involving use of alcohol, (b) use, including chewing, of tobacco Diuretics: and/or (c) use, possession, buying, or selling of controlled substances, Acetazolamide Ethacrynic acid Metalazone street drugs and banned performance enhancing substances (PES). Bendroflu- Flumethiazide Plythiazide methiazide Quinethazone Spironolactone It is the student-athlete’s responsibility to check with the appropriate or Benzthiazide Furosemide Triamterene designated athletic staff or school official before using any substance Bumetanide Hydrochlorothiazide Trichlomethiazide or supplement. Any substance chemically related to a banned or dis - Chlorothiazide Hydroflumethiazide and related couraged ingredient is also banned or discouraged. There is no com - Clorthialidone Methyclothiazide compounds plete list of banned or discouraged substances. Do not rely on this list Street Drugs: Heroin, Marijuana, THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), bath to rule out any supplement ingredient. Check with your athletic depart - salts, synthetic marijuana ment staff prior to using a supplement. Peptide Hormones and Analogues Corticotrophin (ACTH) BANNED – Do not Use. Drugs that are illegal or could be harmful if Growth Hormone (Somatotrophin) (hGH) (Deer Antler Spray) taken in excess amount. Possession and/or use violates WIAA Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) Code. This list includes but is not limited to: Insulin-like growth hormone (IGF-1) • Anabolic Steroids Leutenizin hormone (LH) • Androstenediol • Androstenendione Erythropoietin (EPO) • Nor-Androstenediol • Nor-Androstenendione Any substance that is chemically related to the class, even if it’s not • Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) listed as an example, is also banned. • Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (converts to androgens) • Pro-Hormones - e.g. Tribulus Terrestris, aka-Puncture Vine, Caltrop DISCOURAGED – Schools may not provide or allow in connec - Fruit (increase body production of testosterone) tion to school’s program. Possession and/or use may violate school • Pheromone (anabolic properties) district policy or code. (Products may have unwanted side effects, • Masking Agents (Diuretics) be ineffective, not tested for long term safety, not recommended for • Peptide Hormones (EPO) youth, unethical to use.) This list includes but is not limited to: • HGH • Creatine • Phenylephrine • Caffeine-enhanced products – too much caffeine can cause jitteri - • Ephedra, Ephedrine - e.g. Ma Huang, Synephrine, Seneca, Citrus ness, nervousness, headaches, difficulty concentrating or sleeping, Aurantium, Desert Herb, Mormon Tea, Sidi Cordifolia, Phenopro - increased heart rate or blood pressure. Small amounts of caffeine ponalamine (PPA) can produce these effects in some people. • DMAA - geranium derivatives • Energy Drinks e.g. Monster, Red Bull • DHEA (7-Keto) • Energy Shots *Medications prescribed by an MD, used by the individual they have • Herbal Caffeine: Guarana, cacao, Kola, mate, cola nut, green tea been prescribed to and used as prescribed should NOT be viewed as extract, methylxanthine (chemical caffeine) violating the controlled substance/supplement provisions of the • AAKG • NO2 school’s code. • Co Enzyme Q • Ginseng • HMB • Pyruvate Additional examples of banned substances • Protein Powders: Most diets supply adequate protein. Stimulants and related compounds: However, in cases where athletes can’t eat enough food or when Amphetamine Methylenedioxy- Phentermine protein needs are higher than normal limited supplementation may Cocaine methamphetamine Synephrine be needed. In these cases a physician or sport dietitian consultation Ephedrine (MDMA/ecstasy) may be helpful. If extra protein is needed read labels carefully. Pro - Fenfluramine Methylphenidate tein powders may contain discouraged or banned ingredients. over • Pre-Workout supplements or Boosters - These products frequently Loss of hair and partial baldness contain discouraged or banned ingredients. Lowered sperm count/temporary sterility (males) • Amino Acids – such as BCAA’s, Glutamine, Arginine Menstrual irregularities (females) • L-Carnitine (amino acid derivative) Muscle tendon damage • Chromium Piconlinate (peptide hormone, potentiate effect of insulin) Pain when urinating (males) • CLA (conjugated linoleic acid “enhance muscle development”) Reduction of breast size (females) Shrinking of the testicles/sterility (males) STREET TERMS Stunted growth (Office of National Drug Control Policy) Suicidal thoughts Drugs: Swelling of feet and lower legs • Abolic (veterinary steroid) Unpleasant breath odor • Androl (oral steroid) • Anatrofin (injectable steroid) EVALUATING ERGOGENIC AID CLAIMS • Deca 1. What is the source of the information? • “Arnolds”, “Gym Candy”, “Pumpers”, “Roids”, “Stackers”, “Trainers”, • Peer-reviewed journal Weight Trainers” (steroids) • Magazine, newspaper or book • “Georgia Home Boy” (Gamma hydroxybutyrate/GHB) • Company selling a product • “Stacking”: taking steroids without a prescription, use of multiple 2. Who wrote the article? PES • A professor or someone with a degree (Is the degree in a field re - lated to sports medicine, nutrition or biochemistry?) PERMISSIBLE SUPPLEMENTS • Someone with credentials Supplements that replace the calories, fluid, and electrolytes the body • Not sure, article doesn’t state naturally loses during exercise – may not contain banned or discour - 3. Critical analysis aged ingredients . • Does the product sound too good to be true? • Sport Drinks • Fitness Water • If a research study is cited, is it done on a healthy population or • Electrolyte Drinks • Sport Gels a diseased population, well-trained subjects or sedentary sub - • Sport Bars • Vitamins/Minerals jects, animals or humans, men or women? • Meal Replacement Drinks • Does the dosage seem large or unsafe? • Meal Replacement Bars • Does the article make conclusive statements such as: This sup - Read product labels carefully. Some “permissible” products may con - plement will make you lose weight? tain banned or discouraged ingredients. Due to lack of regulations • Does the product promise quick improvements in health or phys - product labels might not list all ingredients. ical performance? • Does the product contain some secret ingredient or formula? WARNING SIGNS AND • Are currently popular personalities or star athletes used in its ad - SYMPTOMS OF STEROID USE vertisements? Possible Signs of Steroid Use : 4. Is the product effective? “Puffy”, swollen look to the face If it is still unclear whether the supplement is effective, seek other Acne; especially on shoulders, back or chest sources of information such as more articles on the topic or opinions Excessive time spent working out of professionals in the field of nutrition and exercise. Frequent nosebleeds 5. Is the product safe at the recommended dosages? Frequent muscle cramps 6. Does the product cause long-term health problems? Increased aggression and violence 7. Are possible side-effects identified? Increased irritability 8. Is taking the supplement ethical? Periods of depression This is often a hard question to answer. The thrill of competition is Quick strength and weight gains to strive to be the very best, but does being the very best mean en - Wide mood swings hancing your performance through external substances. The ancient Greek ideal and that of the International Olympic Committee is that Possible Adverse Effects in Both Males and Females an athlete should succeed through their own unaided effort. Every Acne, especially on chest, shoulders and back individual must assess his/her ethical standards. But here are a few Addiction questions to ask yourself: Blood clots • What is the policy of your team or the governing body for your Breast enlargement and pain (males) sport? Deepening of the voice (females) • Is the substance banned from use during competition? Deformed sperm/possible birth defects (males) • Is taking a supplement cheating or giving you an unfair advan - Frequent Nosebleeds tage? Growth of permanent facial and chest hair (females) Hardening of the arteries, higher cholesterol levels Provided by the WIAA and WIAA Medical Advisory Committee Increased risk of heart attack, increased blood pressure Additional information may be obtained from the WIAA Medical Policies and Proce - dures Manual and the WIAA PES Power Point presentation. Increased violence and aggression/“roid rages” Sources: NCAA Banned Drug List Increased risk of injury and slower healing time Jane Foos, RD, CD, Red Cedar Clinic Insomnia, restlessness, depression Kevin Walter, MD, Childrens Corporate Center-Milwaukee Iowa High School Athletic Association Liver damage; including cancer updated 9/13.