et al.: Letter from the Director Letter from the Director The 2010 issue of the Journal Tom Frost III, Randy & Leslie Collier, Tom & Ann Francese, of Texas Music History marks Stewart Ramser, Natalie Gilmer, Bryan Beck, and Mattson the tenth anniversary of the Rainer, as well as all the wonderful musicians who performed− Center for Texas Music His- Robert Earl Keen, Marcia Ball, Ray Benson, Ruthie Foster, Cyd tory. During the past decade, Cassone, Terri Hendrix, Joe Ely, Butch Hancock, Jimmie Dale the Center has established a Gilmore, Randy Rogers, Eliza Gilkyson, Jimmy LaFave, Lloyd number of acclaimed educa- Maines, Paul Glasse, Brady Black, Bill Whitbeck, John Inmon, tional programs focused on and Bobby Bridger. preserving and celebrating the We also would like to thank all of the following people for unique musical heritage of the their support of the Center over the years: Gregg Andrews & American Southwest. The Center has been recognized for its in- Vikki Bynum, Dee Lannon, Twister Marquiss, Jennifer Cobb, novative work by such prestigious organizations as The Smith- Kevin Mooney, the Center’s Advisory Board, Frank de la Teja, sonian Institution, PBS, National Public Radio, The Bob Bull- Mary Alice De Leon, Madelyn Patlan, the Texas State University ock Texas State History Museum, The National Endowment History Department, Denise Trauth & John Huffman, Perry & for the Humanities, Billboard magazine, The Los Angeles Times, Marianne Moore, Gene & Lynn Bourgeois, Ann Marie Ellis, and others. Diana Harrell, César Limón, Vicki Clarke, Gail Randle, Steven Through Texas State University’s History Department, the Reese, Kent Finlay, Richard Cheatham, Liz McDonald, Lanita Center offers a variety of graduate and undergraduate courses on Hanson, Francine Hartman, Jim & Cathey Moore, Mary Texas music history. In collaboration with Texas A&M University Brennan & Alan Apel, Rick & Laurie Baish, Nell Hesson, Press, the Center also produces the award-winning book series, Lucky & Becky Tomblin, Denise Boudreaux, Carol Dochen, the John and Robin Dickson Series in Texas Music. In addition, the Jo & Paul Snider, Darrell & Barbara Piersol, Jason Mittman & Center is currently working with the Bullock Texas State History Shauna Metcalf, Ralph & Patti Dowling, Dennis & Margaret Museum to organize a major exhibit on Texas music scheduled to Dunn, Ron & Judy Brown, Grant Mazak, Mariko Gomez, run from February to September 2012. Cathy Supple, Sharon Sandomirsky & Chris Ellison, Byron & The Center’s popular NPR series, This Week in Texas Music Rebecca Augustin, John Kunz, Bill Musser, Lee & Judy Keller, History, is now broadcast on NPR affiliate stations across Ronda Reagan, Glenn & Donna Joy, Luan Brunson Haynes & the state. The Center continues to work with the Texas State Elizabeth Brunson Vickers, Mildred Roddy, Billy Seidel, and all Historical Association, the Texas Music Office (in the Office of our other friends and supporters. of the Governor), and others to produce a revised and updated To learn more about the Center and its unique and exciting edition of the popular Handbook of Texas Music, which is programs, please contact us or visit our web site. scheduled for publication in 2012. Texas State University Thanks for your interest and support! students have researched and written hundreds of articles to be included in the Handbook. We are very grateful to everyone who made our February 2, 2010 Music from the Heart: An 80th Birthday Tribute to Rod Kennedy concert at Austin’s Paramount Theatre such a Dr. Gary Hartman, Director successful fundraiser, especially Patti Harrison, Teresa Ward, Center for Texas Music History John & Robin Dickson, Kathleen O’Keefe, Vincent Messina, History Department Kelsey McManus, Tamara Saviano, Paul Paynter, Phil & Texas State University Cecilia Collins, Rod Kennedy, Carolyn Pillow, Dalis Allen, the San Marcos, TX 78666 U.S.A. Kerrville Folk Festival, Kim & Robert Richey, Alan & Susan 512.245.3749 Lazarus, Old Settlers Music Festival, Tom Schnorr & Vicki Bell, [email protected] Rick Deyoe, Elmer & Susan Rosenberger, Joe & Alice Specht, www.txstate.edu/ctmh Produced by The Berkeley Electronic Press, 2010 1 JournalThe of Journal Texas Music of History, Vol. 10 [2010], Iss. 1, Art. 1 2010 Center for Texas Music History Director Gary Hartman Director of Programs TEXAS MUSIC HISTORY Kathleen O’Keefe Administrative Assistant Contents Jennifer Cobb 8 Home with the Armadillo: The Journal of Public Memory and Performance Texas Music History in the 1970s Austin Music Scene Editors Jason Dean Mellard Gary Hartman Deirdre Lannon 22 I’ll Be Here in the Morning: 8 Twister Marquiss The Songwriting Legacy Art Director/Designer of Townes Van Zandt César Limón Brian Atkinson Contributors Brian Atkinson 43 Gene Autry and Ron Briley Jason Dean Mellard The Phantom Empire: The Cowboy in the Wired West Reviews Larry Willoughby of the Future James Wright Ron Briley The Journal of Texas Music 22 History is published annually Reviews by the Center for Texas Music History at Texas State 55 House of Hits: University-San Marcos. The The Story of Houston’s Gold Star/ contents of this journal do SugarHill Recording Studios not necessarily represent the James Wright views of the university. Subscription: There is no 57 In Search of the Blues: charge to receive the A Journey to the Soul of Black Texas Journal. Simply contact Larry Willoughby the Center for Texas Music 44 History to be placed on our mailing list. Article Submissions: Please submit manuscripts by e-mail in Microsoft Word, Chicago Style, to gh08@ txstate.edu or mail to The Texas State Submissions The Center for University System Review Board Texas Music History Journal of Texas Music Ron Blatchley John Dempsey Board of Advisors History, Department of History, Chairman, Bryan| The University of North Texas, Marcia Ball Texas State University-San College Station Denton Craig Barker Marcos, 601 University Drive, Charlie Amato Craig D. Hillis Elizabeth Pittman San Marcos, TX 78666. Vice Chairman, San Antonio The University of Texas, Austin Kevin J. Lilly Bill C. Malone Ralph Dowling © 2001 Center for Texas Houston Madison, WI Tommy Foote Music History, Texas State Ron Mitchell Karl Hagstrom Miller Tom Frost III University-San Marcos Horseshoe Bay New York University, New York Rod Kennedy David Montagne Kevin Edward Mooney Casey Monahan ISSN 1535-7104 Beaumont Texas State University-San Joe Nick Patoski Trisha Pollard Marcos Bellaire Edward D. Oliphant Guadalupe San Miguel, Jr. Michael Truncale The University of Texas, Austin Lucky Tomblin Beaumont Jerry Rodnitzky Donna N. Williams The University of Texas, Arlington Arlington Christopher Covo Guadalupe San Miguel, Jr. Student Regent, San Marcos The University of Houston, Houston Brian McCall Chancellor Joe Specht McMurry University, Abilene Roger Wood Houston Community College System, Houston http://ecommons.txstate.edu/jtmh/vol10/iss1/1A member of The Texas State University System 2 GET COMMITTEDet al.: Donors TO TEXAS MUSIC HISTORY! Donors The Center for Texas Music History is a nonprofit The Journal of Texas Music History, along with all the other educational program designed to help students, scholars, important educational projects we have underway. and the general public better understand how Texas music We are very grateful to the donors listed on this page. They reflects the richly diverse ethnic and cultural heritage of the have made a personal commitment to preserving the musical American Southwest. Within its first few years, the Center has heritage of the Southwest. Their efforts will help us continue developed a number of very successful projects focusing on the to increase awareness of how Texas music represents the unique preservation and study of Southwestern music history. historical development of the region. In order to continue this success, we need your help. Won’t you join us in promoting the preservation and study of Your contribution will help fund continued publication of Texas music history? Founding 100 Luan Brunson Haynes & Associate Members: Crockett Elementary 4 Membersí Circle: Elizabeth Brunson Vickers $500-$999 Horizons Group $1,000 or more Nell Hesson in memory Vicki Meehan-Clarke Susan W. Darrow Gregg Andrews & of Gary Briggs Balie Griffith Dawound Enterprises, Inc. Vikki Bynum Glenn & Donna Joy Bobby & Nancy Barnard, Elizabeth Denton Byron & Rebecca Augustin The Joan & Herb Kelleher Sundance Records & Tapes William & Ann Marie Dickson Richard & Laurie Baish Foundation Harcourt Brace, Inc. Tom & Teresa Duplissey Mary Brennan & Alan Apel Rod Kennedy, Mary Ann Mendoza John Embry Gene & Lynn Bourgeois Kerrville Festivals, Inc. Perry & Marianne Moore Beth & Jon Erickson Ronald & Judy Brown Lee & Judy Keller Chad Raney, Ray & Mary Margaret Farabee Richard Cheatham John Kunz, Waterloo Records Lone Star Music.com John Farneti, Jr. Randy & Leslie Collier, Grant Mazak Fisher-Rosemount Systems Alton & Dorothy Gattis Comp-Utility Corp. James E. & Cathey Moore Strait Music Company Pam Golightly Phillip & Cecilia Collins William & Michelle Musser Doug Hanners John & Robin Dickson, Paul Paynter & Patrons: Johnny Harvey Dickson Productions the Gambrinus Company $100-$499 Ray Hennig, Carol Dochen Darrell & Barbara Piersol Michael & Lulu Abbott Heart of Texas Music Frederick Dominey Ronda Regan Cody Allen, Austin Guitar Kathleen Hudson, Texas Ralph & Patti Dowling Robert & Kim Richey Town Heritage Music Dennis & Margaret Dunn Mildred Roddy Thomas C. Bailey Foundation Ann Marie Ellis Elmer & Susan Rosenberger