Public Disclosure Authorized Republic of Uganda PROPOSED UPGRADING OF THE 105-KM KOBOKO-YUMBE–MOYO ROAD Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report – Volume 1 MAIN TECHNICAL REPORT Prepared by Submitted to: Uganda National Roads Authority Plot 3-5 New Port Bell Road, UAP Nakawa Business Park, P.O. Box 28487 Public Disclosure Authorized Plot 48, Block 216 Najjera-Kira Kampala P.O. Box 28434, Kampala, Uganda Tel: +256 – 704-249020 /772-459792 [email protected] | www.jbn.co.ug February 2020 Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................... xii List of Tables ................................................................................................................... xiv Acronyms ............................................................................................................................. i Definitions:........................................................................................................................ iv Executive summary ............................................................................................................ vi 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Status of social infrastructure in west nile region .............................................. 2 1.3 Influx of Refugees in Uganda ............................................................................... 2 1.4 Link between Infrastructure and National Development/Refugee Welfare ... 3 1.5 Project Justification .............................................................................................. 4 1.6 Overview of The Environmental and Social Impact Study .............................. 4 1.6.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................. 4 1.6.2 Objectives of the ESIA ......................................................................................... 5 1.6.3 Objective of this Report ....................................................................................... 5 1.6.4 Methodology of Work .......................................................................................... 5 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 6 2.1 Project location...................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Project Objectives ................................................................................................. 2 2.3 Project Area of Influence ..................................................................................... 3 2.4 Design Geometrics ................................................................................................ 4 2.4.1 Road Design standards ......................................................................................... 4 2.4.2 Terrain classification ............................................................................................ 5 2.4.3 Functional Classification ...................................................................................... 5 2.4.4 Design Elements ................................................................................................... 5 2.4.5 Sight distances ...................................................................................................... 6 2.4.6 Stopping Sight Distance (SSD) ............................................................................ 6 2.4.7 Passing Sight Distance ......................................................................................... 7 2.4.8 Intersections, Junctions and Roundabouts ........................................................... 7 i 2.4.9 Bus Lay Bays ....................................................................................................... 8 2.4.10 Cross Drainage structures ................................................................................. 8 2.5 project resources, EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS ..................................... 9 2.5.1 Equipment ............................................................................................................ 9 2.5.2 Human resource.................................................................................................. 10 2.5.3 Potential material sites ....................................................................................... 10 2.5.4 Camp site and Equipment Yards ........................................................................ 16 2.6 Project Activities ................................................................................................. 17 2.6.1 Phase I Pre-construction Activities .................................................................... 17 2.6.2 Phase II ROAD Construction works .................................................................. 17 2.6.3 Decommissioning Activities OF Road Construction works .............................. 17 3 Methodology for Baseline Studies and Impact Assessement ............................... 19 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 19 3.1.1 Document Review .............................................................................................. 19 3.1.2 Socio-economic Surveys .................................................................................... 19 3.1.3 Assessment of Cultural HERITAGE................................................................. 30 3.1.4 Biodiversity Assessment-Fauna ......................................................................... 31 3.1.5 Noise, Air Quality and Vibration Assessment ................................................... 33 3.1.6 Water Quality ..................................................................................................... 38 3.1.7 Framework for Impact Quantification and Valuation ........................................ 39 4 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................. 43 4.1 National policy and legal framework ................................................................ 43 4.2 World Bank Environment and Social Framework .......................................... 59 4.2.1 ESS1: Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts 59 4.2.2 ESS2 Labour and Working Conditions .............................................................. 62 4.2.3 ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management ............ 62 4.2.4 ESS4 Community Health and Safety ................................................................. 63 4.2.5 ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement 63 4.2.6 ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources .......................................................................................................................... 64 4.2.7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities (ESS7) .............................................................................................. 65 4.2.8 Cultural Heritage ESS8 ...................................................................................... 65 4.2.9 Financial intermediaries ess9 ............................................................................. 65 4.2.10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure ESS10 ....................... 66 4.2.11 World Bank Group Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines ................ 66 4.3 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ............................................................. 67 District Land Boards...................................................................................................... 69 5 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT BASELINE CONDITIONS OF THE PROJECT AREA .............................................................................................................. 70 5.1 Physical environment.......................................................................................... 70 5.1.1 Topography ........................................................................................................ 70 5.1.2 Geology .............................................................................................................. 72 5.1.3 Soils .................................................................................................................... 74 5.1.4 Climate ............................................................................................................... 76 5.1.5 Temperature ....................................................................................................... 76 5.1.6 Drainage ............................................................................................................. 80 5.1.7 Air Quality Baseline (Particulate Matter and Gas Measurement)...................... 82 5.1.8 Water Quality ................................................................................................... 101 5.2 Biological environment ..................................................................................... 102 5.2.1 Vegetation .......................................................................................................