University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects January 2018 Quantifying Extravehicular Activity Performance Degradation Due To Sustenance Deprivation Eryn Beisner Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Recommended Citation Beisner, Eryn, "Quantifying Extravehicular Activity Performance Degradation Due To Sustenance Deprivation" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2166. https://commons.und.edu/theses/2166 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. QUANTIFYING EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION DUE TO SUSTENANCE DEPRIVATION by Eryn Andrews Beisner Bachelor of Science, University of Nevada, Reno, 2008 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota August 2018 Copyright 2018 Eryn Beisner ii This thesis, submitted by Eryn Beisner in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science from the University of North Dakota, has been read by the Faculty Advisory Committee under whom the work has been done and is hereby approved. _______________________________________ Dr. Pablo De Leon, Department of Space Studies, UND Ph.D. Committee Chair _______________________________________ Dr. James Casler Department of Space Studies, UND Member, Ph.D. Committee _______________________________________ Dr. Richard Ferraro Department of Psychology, UND Member, Ph.D. Committee _______________________________________ Dr. Laurie Carrillo Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rice University Member, Ph.D. Committee This thesis is being submitted by the appointed advisory committee as having met all of the requirements of the School of Graduate Studies at the University of North Dakota and is hereby approved. _______________________________________ Dr. Grant McGimpsey Dean of the School of Graduate Studies _______________________________________ Date iii PERMISSION Title Quantifying Extravehicular Activity Performance Degradation Due To Sustenance Deprivation Department Space Studies Degree Master of Science In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a graduate degree from the University of North Dakota, I agree that the library of this University shall make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for extensive copying for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor who supervised my thesis work or, in his absence, by the Chairperson of the department or the dean of the School of Graduate Studies. It is understood that any copying or publication or other use of this thesis or part thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of North Dakota in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Eryn Andrews Beisner May 1, 2018 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................ V LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................................... X LIST OF EQUATIONS ................................................................................................................................ XI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................................... XII ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................. XIV CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 PROBLEM STATEMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 2 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS .................................................................................................................................... 3 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Effects of IF during a spacewalk ........................................................................................................... 7 Performance Improvement .................................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER II EVOLUTION OF U.S. SPACESUITS, FOOD, AND PREBREATHE PROTOCOLS ............................ 10 EARLY PRESSURE SUITS .................................................................................................................................. 10 NORTH AMERICAN X-15 PRESSURE SUIT .......................................................................................................... 15 LOCKHEED U-2 PRESSURE SUIT ....................................................................................................................... 17 PROJECT MERCURY ....................................................................................................................................... 21 PROJECT GEMINI ........................................................................................................................................... 23 APOLLO & SKYLAB ........................................................................................................................................ 25 v SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (S HUTTLE ) ..................................................................................................... 29 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION ...................................................................................................................... 33 THE FUTURE OF EVA S .................................................................................................................................... 34 CHAPTER III METHOD ............................................................................................................................. 36 EXPERIMENT DESIGN OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 36 NEUTRAL BUOYANCY LAB ............................................................................................................................... 36 IN-SUIT SUSTENANCE ..................................................................................................................................... 41 TEST SUBJECTS .............................................................................................................................................. 44 Institutional Review Board Considerations ........................................................................................ 45 DATA COLLECTION ........................................................................................................................................ 46 COGNITIVE TESTING ....................................................................................................................................... 46 Working Memory ................................................................................................................................ 47 Processing Speed ................................................................................................................................. 49 PHYSIOLOGICAL TESTING ................................................................................................................................. 50 Dexterity .............................................................................................................................................. 51 Grip Strength ....................................................................................................................................... 52 Test Subject Experience ....................................................................................................................... 54 CHAPTER IV RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 55 WORKING MEMORY : LIST SORTING TEST .......................................................................................................... 56 PROCESSING SPEED : PATTERN COMPARISON TEST .............................................................................................. 57 DEXTERITY : 9-HOLE PEG BOARD TEST .............................................................................................................. 59 GRIP STRENGTH : HAND GRIP DYNAMOMETER TEST .............................................................................................. 60 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................................... 63 TEST SUBJECT EXPERIENCE