RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE FOR AFRICAN STUDIES Editorial Board A.M. Vassiliev (Editor-in-Chief), I.O. Abramova, I.G. Bolshov (Deputy Editor-in-Chief), B.G. Petruk, N.A. Ksenofontova AFRICAN STUDIES IN RUSSIA Translation from Russian by P.A. Seslavin YEARBOOK 2001 ISBN 5-201-04797-1 © Институт Африки РАН, 2005 © Printed in Russia, 2005 Moscow 2005 CONFERENCES, SYMPOSIUMS, ROUND TABLES CONTENTS Lubov Prokopenko. The Russian Academy of Sciences’ Preface ………………………………………………………... 5 Academic Council for the Problems of Economic, Socio- Political and Cultural Development of African Countries, and Its Activities in 2001 ……………………………………. 175 ARTICLES, PAPERS PRESENTED TO CONFERENCES Igor Bolshov. Advancing Nigerian-Russian Bilateral Relations in the 21st Century – a Conference of Russian Alexei Vassiliev. Africa at War ………………………………. 7 and Nigerian Africanists ……………………………………… 194 Dmitri Bondarenko. Globalisation vs. Dialogue of Civilisations: Implications for Africa ………………………… 51 Andrei Pritvorov. TheImportance of Natural Resources PUBLICATIONS ON AFRICA: REVIEWS, for the Development of South Africa and Beyond …………… 60 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Evgenia Morozenskaya. Globalization of Shadow Economy and Africa ………………………………………….. 67 Kleptocracy. Corruption and Negative Economy Matvei Frenkel. Africa: Interaction of Civilizations ………… 82 Socio-Political Dimension. Struggle of an African State against the Destructive Forms of Power Formation, by Leonid V. Geveling, Humanitarian Publishing House of the Academy of Humanitarian Studies, Moscow, 2001. 592 pp. (reviewed by Yu. Smertin) ………… 212 ESSAYS Modern African Leaders. Political Portraits. Nikolai Kosukhin.(ed.) '21st Century - Concord' Publishing House, Moscow, 2001. 217 pp. (reviewed by N. Matveeva) ………….. Roza Ismagilova. The Impact of Traditional Structures 217 Ghana. Reference Book Yury Vinokurov (ed.), Oriental and Institutions on the Interethnic Relations and Ethno- Literature Publishing House of the RAS., Moscow, 2001. 320 Political Situation …………………………………………….. 92 pp.: map. (reviewed by I. Bolshov) …………………………... Nikolay Kosukhin. Power in the Context of Political 221 Modernization in Contemporary Africa ……………………… 104 Alexei Vassiliev. The Sick African Giant ……………………. 117 Piotr Kupriyanov. Russia's Economic Cooperation SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AFRICAN STUDIES PUBLISHED IN RUSSIA IN 2001 with the Countries of Tropical Africa ……………………….. 138 Irina Abramova.. Egypt: Economic Reforms (compiled by I. Bolshov) ……………………………………... 226 and Co-operation with Russia ………………………………... 146 Andrei Pegushev. The Kenyan National Historiography and Its Prospects: A Look from the Outside …………………. 160 OBITUARY Marina V. Rait (1922 – 2001) ………………………………... 230 Научное издание AFRICAN STUDIES IN RUSSIA YEARBOOK 2001 Утверждено к печати Институтом Африки РАН Зав. РИО Н.А. Ксенофонтова Редактор Т.Е. Позина Компьютерная верстка Г.Н. Терениной И.Л. № 040962 от 26.04.99 Подписано в печать Объем 14,5 п.л. Тираж 100 экз. Заказ № Отпечатано в ПМЛ Института Африки РАН 123001, Москва, ул. Спиридоновка, 30/1 African Studies In Russia: Yearbook 2001 PREFACE tivities of this Council in 2001. The Russian Africanists took part in a num- The present issue of the African Studies in Russia, 2001 proceeds with ber of international conferences on African issues. The proceedings of the the publication of anthologies in the series of yearbooks published by the Nigerian-Russian conference in Lagos, Nigeria have been outlined by Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Like pre- Dr. Igor Bolshov. vious publications the 2001 collection contains articles, reviews, annotations, The last part of the book contains some book reviews and a list of and other publications of Russian scholars on problems of Africa, which books and pamphlets published in Russia in 2001. The titles of the listed have appeared in print in the year of 2001. literature are translated into English to enable the foreign scholars to choose The key goal of Russian publications on African Studies is to introduce the books and pamphlets in Russian according to their interests and choice. the findings of Russian researchers to their foreign colleagues in the field. The matter is that the vast majority of the Russian scholars’ studies are be- All the readers of the book are welcome to share their opinions with the ing published in Russian only. On considering the difficulties the language authors and editors of the publication. Our address is: barrier can pose for foreign scholars the present issue intends to outline just the general directions of the Russian students of Africa and certain of their In Russian – Россия, 103001, г. Москва, ул. Спиридоновка, д. 30/1, findings. To be sure it is impossible to review all the works and all the find- Институт Африки Российской Академии наук, Редакция Ежегодника ings even for one year. So, the editors decided to include only some samples «Африканистика в России, 2001». of such works and only some conclusions made by Russian scholars. In English – Editorial Board of ‘African Studies in Russia’, 2001, Insti- The book is opened by a part under the title ‘Articles, Papers Presented tute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 30/1 Spiri- to Conferences’. Here the reader will find a view of Prof. Alexei Vassiliev donovka St., Moscow, 103001, Russia on the roots of war hostilities and their impact on the recent African devel- Tel.: +7-095-290-6385 opment. Prof. Dmitri Bondarenko discusses the implication of globalisation Fax: +7-095-202-0786 on Africa versus dialogue of civilisations. Dr. Andrei Pritvorov analyses the The Internet: http://www.inafr.ru/index.html . importance of natural resources for the development of South Africa and E-mail addresses: other countries of the region. The article by Dr. Yevgeniya Morozenskaya [email protected] examines the impact of the shadow economy globalisation on Africa. Prof. [email protected] Matvei Frenkel deals with the interaction of civilisations within the African context. The next part – ‘Essays’ contains extracts from books and some articles published and prepared for publication in 2001. Prof. Rosa Ismagilova in- vestigates the impact of traditional structures and institutions on the inter- ethnic relations and ethno-political situation in Africa and in Russia. Dr. Piotr Kupriyanov discusses the economic relations between Russia and the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Dr. Irina Abramova analyses the inter- action of the economic reforms in Egypt and the co-operation of that coun- try with Russia. Dr. Andrei Pegushev addresses the problems of the Kenyan national historiography. In 2001 a number of conferences, symposiums, round table discussions on Africa have been held in Russia. The majority of them have been organ- ised under the aegis of the Russian Academy of Sciences Academic Council for Problems of the Economic, Socio-Political and Cultural Development of African Countries. The article by Dr. Lubov Prokopenko describes the ac- 5 6 African Studies in Russia: ARTICLES, PAPERS PRESENTED TO CONFERENCES Yearbook 2001 ment. Yet it was a microscopically small part of the all-African tragedy, AFRICA AT WAR which is no concern of the Americans and Europeans. * Meanwhile, Africans kill each other by aircraft, tanks, helicopters, artil- Alexei Vassiliev lery, missiles, submachine guns, as well as by arrows and machetes. Even more of them die of starvation and diseases as immediate results of hostili- Wars have spread over a territory in Tropical Africa that is larger than ties. Economy is destroyed, fields and roads are choked with jungles, chil- Western Europe. The hostilities have directly involved the Democratic Re- dren do not attend schools, while dictators, military commanders and traders public of Congo (Kinshasa), Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi, Angola, Zimbabwe in arms and smuggled diamonds luxuriate. and Namibia and indirectly Sudan, Zambia, Chad, Central African Republic, Let me try to make it a little clearer in these notes how, by whom and Tanzania and Congo (Brazzaville). why the large-scale war is waged in Africa to an extent that is unprece- After the Cold War, Tropical Africa was temporarily relegated to the dented since the collapse of the colonial empires. backstreets both in world politics and in world economy. Unless the devel- This is not an easy task. In the kaleidoscope of developments, victims opments that took place there touched the interests of the mighty of this often become butchers, friends and allies turn enemies, winners are defeated, world in the USA and Western Europe, they were no-news to the media. the main players may not appear in Africa at all, and confused information While all papers, magazines and TV channels mourned for beautiful prin- is received from the scene of action in a distorted form. cess Diana, they almost overlooked the massacre of 800 thousand men, Although the main hostilities are waged in Congo (Kinshasa), two poles women, children and elderly, butchered and chopped into pieces in Rwanda of the developments lie outside its frontiers: one is in Rwanda, to the east of in 1994. They concentrated at Kosovo, grossly exaggerating its humanitar- this African giant, and another in Angola, to the southeast of Congo. ian drama, and created a propaganda screen for the bombardment of tiny After Rwanda attained independence in 1962, a government was Yugoslavia, aimed at overthrowing Milosevic's regime, disliked by the West. formed there that consisted mainly of Hutu, who account for 85 per cent of At