Action Plan For Critically Polluted Areas Of Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board 1. Background Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in collaboration with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi had carried out comprehensive environmental assessment of 88 prominent industrial clusters during 2009-10 based on Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) criteria. CEPI is a rational number between 0 and 100, assigned to a given location to characterize the environmental quality following the algorithm of source, pathway and receptor. Out of identified 88 prominent industrial clusters, 43 industrial clusters in 16 States having CEPI score of 70 and above are identified as Critically Polluted Industrial Clusters. Further, 32 industrial clusters with CEPI scores between 60 & 70 are categorized as severely polluted areas. Subsequently, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, GoI had imposed a temporary moratorium vide O. M. 13.01.2010 on consideration of developmental projects in critically polluted industrial cluster/areas including the projects in pipeline for Environmental Clearance. Thereafter, action plans for each of abovementioned critical clusters was submitted by Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board and implemented after approval of CPCB and eventually moratorium was lifted by MoEF&CC as satisfactory improvement in CEPI scores was reported in these clusters. Since 2009-10, CPCB has been doing routine monitoring in industrial clusters identified under CEPI through third party and releasing amended CEPI scores on basis of results. Based on these monitoring results, CEPI score of Ghaziabad was calculated as 87.37 in 2009-10 and has been improving since then, details of same have been tabulated in Table. S. No. Year Air Score Water Score Land Score CEPI Score 1 2009 - - - 87.37 3 2013 69.50 76.00 48.75 84.13 5 2018 57.50 66.00 32.35 72.30 Table 1: CEPI Scores of Ghaziabad since 2009-10. Revised CEPI With a concept to promote industrial development consistent with the environmental objectives and understanding the fact that the original concept and calculation of CEPI score was based on verticals where subjectivity was involved, in order to overcome the subjectivity, revised concept retaining the factors which can be measured/monitored precisely was drafted by CPCB in 2015 and finalized in 2016. The revised criteria for CEPI has been based on following principles: • Revised concept is prepared by eliminating the debatable factors but retaining the factors which can be measured precisely. • To develop the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) retaining the existing algorithm of Source, Pathway and Receptor. • Develop the Revised CEPI considering the sources of pollution, real time observed values of the pollutants in the ambient air, surface water and ground water of the industrial cluster and health related statistics. The concept is based on the selection of 3 criteria pollutants for each of the environment components i.e. air, surface water and ground water which together indicate the well being of ambient environment. • Assessment of environmental quality of the area based on the concept of SNLF to which is a surrogate number representing the level of exposure (a function of percentage sample exceedance and Exceedance factor) • Health related statistics to be based on health data available from major hospitals in the area. The scoring format has also been restructured in Revised CEPI, same is detailed in Table 2. Component A Scale of Industrial Activity 20 Marks Component B Status of ambient environmental quality 50 Marks (air/surface water/ground water) Component C Health related statistics 10 Marks Component D Compliance status of industries 20 Marks Table 2: Revised CEPI Scoring Format Based on latest CEPI scores, there are total 13 Polluted industrial Areas (PIAs) in the State of Uttar Pradesh, out of which 9 are critically polluted Areas (CPAs) namely Mathura, Kanpur, Moradabad, Varanasi-Mirzapur, Bulandshahar-Khurja, Firozabad, Gajraula area, Agra, Ghaziabad and 4 are severely Polluted Area viz. Noida, Meerut, Aligarh, Singrauli (UP& MP). As mentioned above, CEPI score for Ghaziabad’s industrial clusters is 72.30 as per latest score. 2. Area Details At the time of conceptualization of CEPI, District Ghaziabad was spread across an area of around 1933.3 square-kilometer, however, in 2011 District Hapur was carved out of it and its present area is around 1273 square-kilometers. Thus, in present scenario polluted industrial clusters listed under Ghaziabad region include certain areas of District Hapur as well. Details of same are presented in Table 3. Sl. Name of Environment Criteria EPI CEPI Status Demarcation of No. Polluted pollutants Score Score of boundaries/industrial Industrial selected on Enviro clusters/potential Areas the basis of nment impact zones (PIAs) monitoring carried out during 2018 1. Ghaziabad PM10 57.50 Sub-cluster A Air PM2.5 - Mohan nagar CO Industrial area TP 66.00 As_Wc - Rajinder nagar Water Phenol, 72.30 _Ln Industrial area BOD - Sahibabad Industrial T.Hard 32.25 areas Land Hg TDS Sub-cluster B - Pandav nagar Industrial area - Kavi nagar Industrial area - Bulandshahar Road Industrial area - Amrit nagar - Aryanagar Industrial area Sub-cluster C - Meerut road Industrial area Sub-cluster D - Loni Industrial area - Loni Road Industrial area - Roop Nagar Industrial area Sub-cluster E - Hapur Road Industrial area - Dasna - Philkhua* Sub-cluster F (other scattered Industrial areas) - South side of GT road - Kavi Nagar - Tronica city - Anand Nagar - Jindal Nagar - Prakash Nagar - Rural Industrial estate *Pilkhua industrial cluster falls under District Hapur. Table 3: Details of Polluted Industrial Clusters in Ghaziabad Region The Table above highlights that presently 06 polluted industrial clusters in Ghaziabad/Hapur region have been identified has polluted industrial clusters with regards to water, air and land pollution. Further, it has also been listed that with regards to air PM10, PM2.5 and CO are primary criteria pollutants, similarly, with regards to water pollution Total Phosphorous, Phenol and BOD are criteria pollutants and with regards to land/ground water Total Hardness, mercury and total dissolved solids are main criteria pollutants. Location District Ghaziabad is located at 28° 40' 4.2816'' N and 77° 26' 59.2476'' E. It shares its northern border with Meerut and Baghpat, its southern part shares boundaries with Gautambudh Nagar and Bulandshahar and Hapur has been carved out from its eastern region. Ghaziabad also shares its border with NCT-Delhi on the south west part. Hapur is located at 28°43'12.00" N and 77°46'48.00" E. Location of District Ghaziabad and District Hapur in the map of Uttar Pradesh has been shown in Figure 1 below. Figure 1: Location of District Ghazibaad and Hapur on map of Uttar Prades Digitized Map Showing Geographical Boundaries and Impact Zones Combined digitized map of all 06 sub-clusters covering 18 industrial areas in Ghaziabad and 01 in Hapur region along with impact area boundaries, considering 5 kilometer as an impact area have been presented in Figure 2. Maps along with boundaries of impact zones for each sub-cluster have been presented in Figure 3 to Figure 8 on following pages. Figure 2: Digitized map of Polluted Industrial Areas in Ghaziabad/Hapur region Figure 3: Digitized map of Sub-cluster A Figure 4: Digitized map of Sub-cluster B Figure 5: Digitized map of Sub-cluster C Figure 6: Digitized map of Sub-cluster D Figure 7: Digitized map of Sub-cluster E Figure 8: Digitized map of Sub-cluster F Coordinates for each of the sub-cluster have been detailed in the Table 4 hereunder. S. No. Sub Cluster Direction Latitude Longitude Mohan Nagar North 28°40'39.48"N 77°23'18.66"E IA South 28°40'11.20"N 77°23'17.34"E East 28°40'18.92"N 77°23'22.19"E West 28°40'30.97"N 77°23'12.01"E Rajinder North 28°40'41.91"N 77°22'34.38"E Nagar South 28°40'20.90"N 77°22'40.43"E 1 A Indusrial Area East 28°40'39.57"N 77°22'52.96"E West 28°40'26.34"N 77°22'25.80"E Sahibabad North 28°40'36.20"N 77°20'28.73"E Industrial South 28°38'47.10"N 77°19'54.59"E Area East 28°40'6.25"N 77°22'10.74"E West 28°39'15.29"N 77°19'14.55"E Pandav Nagar North 28°40'0.41"N 77°28'31.15"E Industrial South 28°39'10.77"N 77°28'17.62"E Area East 28°39'50.24"N 77°28'43.84"E West 28°39'38.67"N 77°27'55.18"E Bulandsahar North 28°39'38.12"N 77°27'54.47"E Road South 28°38'12.40"N 77°27'37.18"E Industrial East 28°39'9.38"N 77°28'16.52"E Area West 28°38'45.53"N 77°26'51.71"E 2 B Kavi Nagar North 28°39'53.43"N 77°27'22.88"E Industrial South 28°39'9.28"N 77°27'17.96"E Area East 28°39'38.95"N 77°27'53.59"E West 28°39'21.36"N 77°27'8.73"E Amrit Nagar North 28°38'45.12"N 77°26'50.41"E South 28°38'17.95"N 77°26'50.12"E East 28°38'34.07"N 77°27'6.06"E West 28°38'37.92"N 77°26'24.93"E Arya Nagar North 28°40'42.37"N 77°24'45.96"E Indusrial Area South 28°40'24.24"N 77°24'52.97"E East 28°40'30.60"N 77°25'2.46"E West 28°40'29.72"N 77°24'38.85"E Merrut Road North 28°42'42.18"N 77°27'28.48"E 3 C Industrial South 28°40'36.31"N 77°25'39.63"E Area East 28°40'47.59"N 77°26'13.98"E West 28°40'48.86"N 77°25'29.08"E Roop Nagar North 28°44'46.53"N 77°17'38.37"E Industrial South 28°44'26.54"N 77°17'56.45"E Area East 28°44'34.51"N 77°18'0.80"E West 28°44'39.63"N 77°17'43.37"E Loni North 28°44'24.93"N 77°17'13.43"E 4 D Industrial South 28°44'10.56"N 77°17'17.78"E Area East 28°44'24.95"N 77°17'16.46"E West 28°44'10.42"N 77°17'14.44"E Loni Road North 28°41'15.88"N 77°22'30.28"E Industrial