Long Island University Digital Commons @ LIU Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011- LIU Post 2019 A Bibliometric Study on Learning Analytics Bertha Abby Adeniji Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liu.edu/post_fultext_dis A Bibliometric Study on Learning Analytics A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Palmer School of Library and Information Science at Long Island University by Bertha (Abby) Adeniji Advisor: Professor Qiping Zhang May 3, 2019 i Table of Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... v Dedication ......................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................. viii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Theoretical Positioning of Learning Analytics (LA) ........................................... 10 1.2 Motivation and Objective............................................................................................... 12 1.3 Significance .......................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 14 2.1 Bibliometric Analysis ...................................................................................................... 14 2.1.1 Bibliometric Laws .................................................................................. 14 2.1.2 Citation Analysis .................................................................................... 16 2.1.3 Co-occurrence Analysis (co-word, co-co citation) ................................ 18 2.2 Keyword Analysis ............................................................................................................. 19 2.2.1 Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) ........................................................ 19 2.2.2 Bibliometric Mapping ............................................................................ 20 2.3 Domain Analysis ................................................................................................................ 20 2.3.1 Definition of Domain Analysis .............................................................. 20 2.3.2 Techniques of Domain Analysis ............................................................ 21 2.3.3 Application of Domain Analysis to Different Disciplines ..................... 24 2.4 Conceptual Framework of Learning Analytics ..................................................... 26 2.4.1 Data Collection Techniques of Learning Analytics ............................... 28 2.4.2 Data Analysis of Learning Analytics ..................................................... 30 2.4.3 Data Reporting of Learning Analytics ................................................... 31 2.5 Current Research on Learning Analytic .................................................................. 32 2.5.1 Three Periods of Research on Learning Analytics ................................ 32 2.5.2 Research Factors in Learning Analytics ................................................ 33 2.5.3 Stakeholders of Research on Learning Analytics .................................. 36 Chapter 3: Research Questions ......................................................................................... 39 3.1 Statement of Research Problem ................................................................................. 39 3.2 Research Questions .......................................................................................................... 39 3.3 Concepts and Definitions ............................................................................................... 40 Chapter 4: Methods ........................................................................................................... 43 4.1 Choice of Databases ......................................................................................................... 43 4.2 Search Query ....................................................................................................................... 44 4.3 Dataset ................................................................................................................................... 44 4.4 Data Collection Procedures .......................................................................................... 44 4.5 Domain Analysis ................................................................................................................ 46 4.6 Validity and Reliability ................................................................................................... 47 ii Chapter 5: Results ............................................................................................................. 48 5.1 Results for RQ 1: What are the bibliometric features of research on LA? 48 5.1.1 Publication Counts Over Time ............................................................... 48 5.1.2 Key Publication Types on Learning Analytics ...................................... 49 5.1.3 Key Publication Sources on LA.................................................................. 53 5.1.4 Key Authors and Affiliations by Three Periods ..................................... 54 5.1.5 Key Subject Area by Three Periods ....................................................... 60 5.2 Results for RQ 2: What are the evolutions of research themes on LA? ...... 62 5.2.1 Results of Author Keyword Trend ......................................................... 62 5.2.2 Results of Keyword Trend-Period 1 (2004-2011) ................................. 69 5.2.3 Results of Keyword Trend-Period 2 (2012-2013) ................................... 70 5.2.4 Results of Keyword Trend-Period 3 (2014-2018) ................................. 71 5.3 Results for RQ 3: What are the domain features of research on LA? .......... 72 5.3.1 Taxonomy of Learning Analytics Research ........................................... 73 5.3.2 Results of Co-citation Analysis ............................................................. 74 5.3.3 Results of Co-author Analysis ............................................................... 76 5.3.4 Results of Coupling Analysis ................................................................. 80 Chapter 6: Discussion ....................................................................................................... 82 6.1 Bibliometric Profile and Trends of Learning Analytics .................................... 82 6.2 Domain Analysis ................................................................................................................ 84 6.3 Implications of This Study ............................................................................................ 85 6.4 Limitations ........................................................................................................................... 94 6.5 Recommendations for Future Research ................................................................. 95 6.6 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 96 Bibliography 97 Appendix A: Comparison of Five Academic Databases .............................................. 106 Appendix B: Top 100 Author Keywords by Alphabetical Order ................................. 108 Appendix C: Top 100 Author Keywords by Frequency .............................................. 117 Appendix D: Frequency of Author Keywords by Three Periods ................................. 120 Appendix E: Comparison of Top Author Keywords for Three Periods ...................... 127 iii List of Figures Figure 1: Triadic - Epistemology - Pedagogy - Assessment (Knight, 2014) .................... 11 Figure 2: Traditional Hierarchy of Evidence (Grant, 2016) ............................................. 11 Figure 3: Arango and Prieto-Diaz Model of Domain Analysis ........................................ 24 Figure 4: Mapping LA and AA in Big Data Context (Prinsloo, 2015) ............................. 27 Figure 5: Inclusion and Exclusion Process for LA Publications (2011-2018) ................. 45 Figure 6: Learning Analytics Publications by Year and Period ........................................ 49 Figure 7: Learning Analytics Affiliation by County - ALL .............................................. 57 Figure 8: Learning Analytics Affiliation by Institution ALL ........................................... 58 Figure 9: Learning Analytics Key Subject Areas – Period 1 ............................................ 60 Figure 10: Learning Analytics Key Subject Areas – Period 2 .......................................... 61 Figure 11: Learning Analytics Key Subject Areas – Period 3 .......................................... 62 Figure 12: Cluster Map of Author Keywords (VOSviewer) ............................................. 65 Figure 13: Learning Analytics -100 Keywords (2004-2018) ...........................................