Latin Music in North America Video Study Sheet (3) Chicano – termed used to describe US citizens of Mexican descent Barrio – translates as "subdivision" or "neighborhood" Richie Valens (Los Angeles) – first Mexican-American rock star, died in plane crash (Feb.1959) "La Bamba" (R. Valens) – sung in Spanish, smash hit with all audiences Numerous other Latin artists emerge in rock (often using stage names that disguise their heritage): The Premiers, Cannibal & the Headhunters, ? and the Mysterians, Sam the Sham and the Pharoahs, Little Joe and the Latinaires Conjunto - polka-like folk music in southern US and Mexico Orquestra Tejana – older form of big-band-inspired Mexican-American music of the 1950s, found in Texas, based in Mexican folk music with elements of big band arranging and instrumentation Late 1960s – Chicano groups begin more closely associating themselves with their musical roots "Los Nubes" – first Tejano hit in US, combined conjunto and orquestra tejana Freddy Fender – Mexican-American country music star, broke through on US television Fender had 21 hits on the country music charts Los Lobos (Los Angeles) – Chicano rock band who started playing traditional Mexican music in the 70s Flaco Jimenez – influential artist in Tejano music Santiago Jimenez – artist who added lyrics to accordion-based Tex/Mex sound of the 1930s 1980s – resurgence of Mexican traditional music, as played by Los Lobos Linda Ronstadt – pop singer records a best-selling Spanish language album (1987) entitled Canciones de mi Padre (Songs of my father) Selena [Quintanilla](from Corpus Christi, TX) – Tejano superstar, slated to cross over into the wider English language pop market shortly before she was murdered by her employee (1995) Tejano – translation for the word "Texan", is the Spanish language music that combines elements of pop music, conjunto, and orquestra tejana Los Tigres Del Norte (The Tigers of the North) – band whose style, musica norteña, is very popular in the Mexican-America community. Musica norteña is similar to Tejano music and often focuses on the plight of Mexican-American immigrants. Miami Sound Machine (w/ Gloria Estefan) in 1985 release Conga, a song with a combination of Afro-Cuban, funk and rock music that comes to be known as Latin Pop. Miami Sound Machine's success led to the signing of other Latin artists. "La India" (Linda Caballero) – emerges as an artist in a revival of traditional salsa music in NYC Marc Anthony – releases music that combines elements of NY salsa, pop, and R n' B Ricky Martin releases an English language album in 1999 after years as a member of the Latin boy band Menudo. "La Vida Loca" – smash hit for Ricky Martin that makes him a superstar (1999) Shakira – (from Columbia) – often combines elements of Middle Eastern music (rhythm/instruments) and Latin music (instruments/language/ rhythm). Reggaeton – a combination of reggae, Latin music and hip-hop develops in the Puerto Rico (using the "dem bow" rhythm, which actually has Middle Eastern origins), accompanied by the perreo. Daddy Yankee brings reggaeton into the US mainstream with the song "Gasolina" (2005) The musical score for the Broadway musical "In the Heights" is based on Afro-Cuban, Puerto - Rican, pop, and hip-hop music. It is set in the Washington Height district of New York City where many Puerto Rican and Cuban immigrants settled. Singer Juanes performs in a fusion of rock (rhythm/instruments/musical clichés) and Latin music (instruments, language) known by some as rock en español. .