DOCUMENT RESUME ED 106 546 CE 003 716 AUTHOR Sleep, Gerald; And Others TITLE Career Activities in Science: Grades 7-12. INSTITUTION Powell Public Schools, Wyo. SPONS AGENCY Wyoming State Dept. of Education, Cheyenne. PUB DATE 74 NOTE 360p.; For related volumes see CE 003 714-5 and CE 003 717-8 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$18.40 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Biology; Career Choice; *Career Education; Chemistry; *Curriculum Guides; Earth Science; High School Curriculum; Instructional Materials; Junior High Schools; Learning Activities; Occupational Information; Physics; *Science Activities; *Science Careers; Sciences; *Secondary Education; Secondary School Science ABSTRACT The curriculum guide attempts to assemble select activities that represent skills related to careers in science. These learning activities are designed to give junior and senior high school students opportunities to explore concepts and processes in many science-related careers. The broad areas covered are biology, chemistry, physics, and earth science. Zach area is divided into sub-topics with individual lessons that 'span junior and senior high school science activities. Biology includes ecology, genetics,;-,- microbiology, zoology, botany, and human biology. Chemistry examines both the structure and behavior of matter, chemical families, nuclear energy, organic chemistry, and measurement. Physics contains lessons in motion, energy, and mechanics: Lessons-in. earth science are concerned with earth, ancient earth history, atmosphere-weather, water and supply, determination of places and times, and astronomy. Each unit or sub-topic lists all possible careers relevant to that area, and each lesson is organized into grade level, activity, procedure, results, discussion of results, and, in some lessons, an application section. A bibliography concludes the guide. (JB) U.S. DF.PARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION &WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO OUCEO EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN. -,;.,f- ATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS ICAREER ACTIVITIES STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EOUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. IN SCIENCE Grades 7-12 1 I School District No. ONE Powell, Wyoming 2 CAREER ACTIVITIES IN SCIENCE GRADES 7 - 12 POWELL PUBLIC SCHOOLS SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 1 POWELL, WYOMING 8e435 J. NEAL LARGE, SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS SCHOOL BOARD MEMBERS; BERYL CHURCHILL ALAN JONES ROBERT LOFLAND MILES BENNETT LOWELL BAKER HAROLD HAND, CHAIRMAN RON OHMAN ADMINISTRATION: RAYMOND KARLIN ASSISTANT SUPER/Wi:ENDENT SHERB BLAKE PRINCIPAL, HIGH SCHOOL JIM BELL PRINCIPAL, JUNIOR HIGH HAROLD MOEWES CURRICULUM COORDINATOR DEVELOPED BY: GERALD SLEEP SCIENCE INSTRUCTOR, JUNIOR HIGH PAUL CUSTER SCIENCE INSTRUCTOR, Mei SCHOOL ROBERT JENNINGS SCIENCE INSTRUCTOR, HIGH SCHOOL MERLIN S. OLSON, DIRECTOR? CAREER EDUCATION SUMMER OF 1974 PROJECT FUNDED THROUGH PL 90-576, PART D WYOMING STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION DIRECTOR, PAUL SIZEMORE 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS CAREER STATEMENT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 SCIENCE CURRICULA POWELL SCHOOL SYSTEM BIOLOGY ECOLOGY II GENETICS 23 MICROBIOLOGY ZOOLOGY 1. INVETEBRATE 2. VERTEBRATE 51 BOTANY HUMAN BIOLOGY 561 CHEMISTRY STRUCTURE OF MATTER 77 BEHAVIOR OF MATTER 92 CHEMICAL FAMILIES 112 NUCLEAR ENERGY 124 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 132 MEASUREMENT 140 PHYSICS MOTION 153 ENERGY 1. OPTICS 169 2. ELECTRICITYOOOOOO . OOOOOOOOOO175 4 HEAT OOOOOOO OO 0 3 , OOOOOOO103 19 . CHEMICAL 19 5. NUCLEAR , 6. SOUND _202_ MECHANICS 214 EARTH SCIENCE EARTH AND WHAT IT'S MADE OF =227 CHANGES IN THE EARTH'S SURFACE 243 ANCIENT EARTH HISTORY 253 ATMOSPHERE WEATHER . , , . OOOOO2 WATER AND SUPPLY 279 290 LOCATING PLACES AND KEEPING TIME . o OOOOOO ASTRONOMY. oe, 301 BIBLIOGRAPHY 317 4 CAREER STATEMENT THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE IS UNDERGOING AN EXCITING CHANGE AS A DIRECT RESULT OF THE BREAKTHROUGHS IN ALL SCIENTIFIC FIELDS. SECAUSE OF THIS INCREASED IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN OUR TIMES, AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING MODERN SCIENCE IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL STUDENTS. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IS OFTEN THE STARTING POINT FOR STUDENTS WHO ELECT SCIENTIFIC CAREERS IN LATER LIFE. HOWEVER, THE CONTENT AND PROCESSES OF SCIENCE CAN BE USED TO CHALLENGE AND FURTHER A STUDENT'S UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE, REGARDLESS OF HIS FtrURE VOCATISNAL OR PROFESSIONAL PLANS. 4E CAUSE OF THE IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON THE PERSONAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC LIVES Of ALL PEOPLE IN OUR COUNTRY, A SCIENTIFICALLY LITERATE CITIZENSHIP IS ESSENTIAL. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT OUR SCHOOLS MAKE SCIENCE AS MEANINGFUL AS POSSIBLE TO ALL STUDENTS. ONE OF THE MOST MEANINGFUL WAYS TO TEACH SCIENCE IS TO RE LATE IT TO THE OCCUPATIONS THAT NEED TO HAVE A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE. THE UNITS OR ACTIVITIES IN THIS BOOKLET ARE PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OF THE MANY DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES INVOLVED IN A PARTICULAR CAREER OR CAREERS DEAL ING WITH SCIENCE. MERLIN S. OLSON, DIRECTOR CAREER EDUCATION . 5 2- INTRODUCTION HAVE YOU EVER BEEN ASKED BY A STUDENT, "WHY DO I NEED TO KNOW .THIS?" IF YOU HAVE, THEN YOU WILL FIND THIS BOOKLET HELPFUL. OUR PURPOSE WAS TO SHOW THAT THE ACTIVITIES WE TEACH REALLY DO RELATE TO CAREERS, AND THAT THESE ACTIVITIES GIVE OUR STUDENTS OPPORTUNITIES TO EXPLORE CONCEPTS AND PROCESSES IN MANY SCIENCE RELATED CAREERS. THIS PUBLICATION IS AN ATTEMPT TO PUT TOGETHER A FEW SELECT ACTIVITIES THAT REPRESENT SKILLS RELATED TO CAREERS. THESE AC1IVI+ TIES WERE DRAWN FROM A CROSS- SECTION OF MATERIALS USED IN GRADES 7 -12. OUR MAIN INTENT WAS NOT TO WRITE NEW ACTIVITIES BUT TO RE- LATE EXISTING ACTIVITIES TO CAREERS. UNIT-CAREERS---ACTIVITIES INITIALLY THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO ICENTIFY THE UNITS COVERED IN ALL AREAS OF SCIENCE 712; SECONDLY A NUMBER OFCAREERS WERE PLACED IN EACH UNIT; AND FINALLY ALL PRESENT ACTIVITIESWERE SCREENED TO PROVIDE EXPLORATION IN THOSE RELATED TO CAREERS. THE USES;AND EXAMPLES OF THE EVERYDAY APPLICATION OF THE PRIN CIPLES OF SCIENCES HELP TEACHERS AND THEIR STUDENTSBETTER APPRECIATE THE PRACTICAL VALUE OF EDUCATION. THIS BOOKLET REPRESENTS ONLY THE FIRST STEP IN A SERIES OF STEPS MEANT TO ENCOURAGE SCIENCE TEACHERS TO BECOME MOREREALISTIC IN THEIR APPROACH TO CAREER - RELATED ACTIVITIES WHICH SHOULDEND FOREVER THE TRADITIONAL LAMENT OF THE YOUNG PERSON,"WHAT GOOD IS IT?" 6 3 THE TOTAL SCIENCE PROGRAMS IN GRADES 7.02 FOR SCHOOLDISTRICT #1, ARE COVERED IM THE BROAD CATEGORIES WHICH INCLUDESBIOLOGY, EARTH SCIENCE, CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS. FOR CLARITY AS TO THE UNITS TAUGHT WE SUBDIVIDED EACH SUBJECT INTO VARIOUS TOPICS. MANY OF THESE ARE EXPLORED AT VARIOUS DEPTHS FROM JUNIOR HIGH THROUGH HIGHSCHOOL THEY ARE LISTED BELOW. BIOLOGY PHYSICS A. ECOLOGY A. MOTION B. GENETICS B. ENERGY Co MICROBIOLOGY 1. OPTICS D. ZOOLOGY 2. ELECTRICITY 1. INVERTEBRATE HEAT 2. VERTEBRATE . CHEMICAL E. BOTANY 5. NUCLEAR F. HUMAN BIOLOGY 64, SOUND 1. ANATOMY Co MECHANICS 2. PHYSIOLOGY CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE A. STRUCTURE OF MATTER A. EARTH AND WHAT IT'S B. BEHAVIOR OF MATTER MADE OF. Co CHEMICAL FAMILIES B. CHANGES IN THE EARTH'S D. NUCLEAR ENERGY SURFACE E. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Co ANCIENT EARTH HISTORY F. MEASUREMENT D. ATMOSPHEREWEATHER E. WATER AND SUPPLY F. LOCATING PLACES AND KEEPING TIME G. ASTRONOMY IN ORDER TO EMPHASIZE ALL THE MANY CAREERS, WE HAVELISTED EVERY POSSIBLE LEVEL OF OCCUPATION INTO EACH OFTHE SUBDIVISIONS FROM THE ABOVE TABLE. WE FEEL THAT TOO OFTEN STUDENTS ASK,"WHY DO INEED THIS?" AND FOR THAT REASON WE WANTED TO BE AS COMPLETE ASPOSSIBLE. 7 G' r BIOLOGY - ECOLOGY BIOLOGIST CHEMIST ENGINEERING TECHNICIAN GEOGRAPHY LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT LIFE SCIENTIST OCCUPATIONAL THERAPIST PSYCHOLOGIST RECREATION LEADER SOCIAL WORKER SOCIOLOGIST ELEMENTARY TEACHER TEACHER SECONDARY0000LLEGE TECHNICAL WRITER URBAN PLANNER VETERINARIAN TRAVEL AGENTS REAL ESTATE SALESMEN AGRIBUSINESS TECHNICIAN AGRICULTURE EXTENSION WORKER DAIRY PRODUCTION TECHNICIAN FARM CROP PRODUCTION TECHNICIAN FARMER FISH & WILDLIFE TECHNICIAN FISH CULTURE TECHNICIAN FORESTER FORESTRY AID & FOREST PRODUCT LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION TECHNICIAN TECHNICIAN ORCHARD TECHNICIAN HORTICULTURIST PARKS LAND MANAGEMENT TECHNICIAN RANGE MANAGEMENT SOIL CONSERVATIONIST SOIL SCIENTIST CARPENTER CEMENT MASON STATIONARY ENGINEER ECOLOGY LEVEL: JUNIOR HIGH ACTIVITY: ESTIMATING POPULATIONS MATERIALS: PAPER CUP FILLED WITh WHITE BEANS (PER TEAM) RED BEANS 10 PROCEDURES: A. (HAND OUT TO EACH TEAM A CUP OF WHITE BEANS.) TRY TO PLAN TWO OR THREE METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF BEANS WITHOUT COUNTING ALL OF THEM. WRITE OUT BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE METHODS AND NUMBER THEM IN YOUR NOTEBOOK. USE EACH ONE TO MAKE AN ESTIMATES AND RECORD THE RESULTS IN A CHART SIMILAR TO THIS: PROCEDURE A PROCEDURE B PROCEDURE C (YOUR METHODS) (POPULATION" (ACTUAL COUNT) 1 i 2 3 CENSUS METHOD) 1 NUMBER OF BEANS i I B. A POPULATION- CENSUS METHOD IS USED BY ECOLOGISTS WHO MUST ESTIMATE SIZES OF CERTAIN POPULATIONS. IN USING THIS METHODS THE BIOLOGIST ADDS SOME MARKED INDIVIDUALS TO A POPULATION. HE ASSUMES THAT THE MARKED ANIMALS WILL MIX WITH THE ANIMALS ALREADY THERE. APPLYING THIS METHOD HERE, YOU WOULD ADD 10 RED BEANS TO THE CUP OF WHITE BEANS. THEN YOU WOULD MAKE SURE THAT THE BEANS ARE WELL MIXED. A SAMPLE OF BEANS SHOULD CONTAIN ABOUT THE SAME RATIO OF RED BEANS/WHITE BEANS THAT THE WHOLE CUP OF BEANS HAS. SUPPOSE A SAMPLE OF 20 BEANS, CON - TAINING 2 RED BEANS AND 18 WHITE ONES, IS TAKEN. HERE. THERE IS A RATIO OF 2/18. YOU ALREADY KNOW THAT THERE ARE 10 RED BEANS IN THE CUP. FROM THIS INFORMATION YOU CAN SET UP AN EQUATION: 2 RED = 10 RED 7711177717 X WHITE X STANDS FOR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF WHITE BEANS. BY SOLVING THE EQUATION (FINDING THE VALUE OF X), YOU WILL LEARN THAT THE CUP CONTAINS ABOUT 90 WHITE BEANS -- WITHOUT HAVING TO COUNT THEM. 2 X = 180 (10 TIMES 18) X = 180 = 90 WHITE BEANS 2 TRY THIS METHOD, AND ENTER THE RESULTS IN YOUR CHART. C. COUNT THE WHITE BEANS ONE BY ONE, COMPARE THE COUNT WITH YOUR VARIOUS ESTIMATES. INTERPRETATION: WHICH METHOD OF ESTIMATING DID YOU FIND MOST ACCURATE? 10 ECOLOGY LEVEL: JUNIOR HIGH ACTIVITY: POND SUCCESSION ACTIVITIES PROCEDURES: A. TAKE STUDENTS ON A FIELD TRIP TO OBSERVE CHANGES IN A LOCAL POND.