, 2019 Regional Needs Assessment 2019 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE, YOUTH SUBSTANCE USE AND MISUSE TRENDS, AND PREVENTION EFFORTS IN THE TEXAS GULF COAST REGION PREVENTION RESOURCE CENTER: REGION 6 Physical: 303 Jackson Hill St. www.councilonrecovery.org Main: 713-942-4100 Houston, TX 77007 www.prc6.org Fax: 713-526-8257 Mail: PO Box 2768 Toll-Free: 1-888-655-3328 Houston, TX 77252 PRC 6 RNA 2018 Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ v Key findings: ....................................................................................................................... v Prevention Resource Centers .................................................................................................. vii Our Purpose ....................................................................................................................... vii How We Help the Community ............................................................................................ viii Conceptual Framework...................................................................................................... ix Adolescence ...................................................................................................................... ix Epidemiology ..................................................................................................................... ix Socio-Ecological Model ....................................................................................................... ix Risk and Protective Factors .................................................................................................. x Consumption Patterns ........................................................................................................ xii Consequences .................................................................................................................... xii Audience .......................................................................................................................... xiii Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 1 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 3 Regional Profile and Demographics .......................................................................................... 5 Population .......................................................................................................................... 6 Age.................................................................................................................................................. 6 Race, Ethnicity and Concentrations of Populations ......................................................................... 4 Limited English Proficiency ............................................................................................................. 7 Risk Factors ............................................................................................................................ 9 Society Domain ................................................................................................................... 9 Per Capita Income ......................................................................................................................... 10 Employment ................................................................................................................................. 12 Household Composition ................................................................................................................ 13 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Recipients ....................................................... 13 Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Recipients ................................................... 13 Children eligible for Free and Reduced Cost Lunch ........................................................................ 13 Uninsured Children ........................................................................................................................ 14 Catastrophic Events: Hurricane Harvey ......................................................................................... 24 Community Domain ........................................................................................................... 24 P a g e i | 157 PRC 6 RNA 2018 Child Homelessness ...................................................................................................................... 24 Criminal Activity ............................................................................................................................ 27 Drug Seizures and Drug Trafficking ............................................................................................... 34 Availability .................................................................................................................................... 36 School Domain ............................................................................................................... 38 Dropout Rates ............................................................................................................................... 38 School Discipline and Alcohol and Drugs on School Property ........................................................ 38 Family Domain ................................................................................................................... 45 Parental Approval of Consumption ............................................................................................... 45 Peer Domain ..................................................................................................................... 48 Cultural Norm and Youth Perceptions of Peer Consumption ......................................................... 48 Perceived Access to Alcohol, Tobacco, Marijuana, and Prescription Drugs ................................... 51 Social Hosting and Parties ............................................................................................................. 52 Individual Domain .............................................................................................................. 57 Mental Health ............................................................................................................................... 57 Regional Consumption Patterns in Youth and Young Adults ..................................................... 60 Alcohol ............................................................................................................................. 60 Age of Initiation and Early Initiation .............................................................................................. 60 Current use, Lifetime Use, and Current High-risk Use.................................................................... 61 Tobacco ............................................................................................................................ 64 Age of Initiation and Early Initiation .............................................................................................. 64 Current Use and Lifetime Use ........................................................................................................ 65 Marijuana ..........................................................................................................................67 Current Use, Lifetime Use, and Current High-risk Use ................................................................... 68 Prescription Drugs .............................................................................................................. 71 Current Use and Lifetime Use .........................................................................................................71 College Student Consumption ............................................................................................. 72 Special Topic: Opioids ......................................................................................................... 73 Consequences .......................................................................................................................76 Mortality ...........................................................................................................................76 Overdose Deaths ........................................................................................................................... 76 Drug and Alcohol Related Fatalities ............................................................................................... 77 P a g e ii | 157 PRC 6 RNA 2018 Legal ................................................................................................................................ 78 Substance Use, Driving Under the Influence, and Criminal Charges .............................................. 78 Hospitalization and Treatment ........................................................................................... 83 Hospital Use Due to AOD .............................................................................................................. 83 Emergency Room Admissions due to Alcohol and Other Drugs .................................................... 85 Environmental Protective Factors 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