G GLOSSARY LOSSARY 1. Advocacy: Delivering a message through words or actions to try to influence the decisions that affect people’s lives. 2. Advocacy methods: Different things that you and your community can do to influence the way things happen and achieve your objective. Examples include meeting with officials, organizing peaceful demonstrations and speaking to the media. 3. Advocacy strategy: A plan agreed upon by the group which sets out the outcomes they are trying to achieve, who they are trying to influence, the types of advocacy methods they will use and how they will use them. It should also include the roles and responsibilities for carrying out the advocacy, and who they will contact to join or support their advocacy, such as other communities and NGOs. 4. Asian Development Bank: An international development institution that provides loans, grants and technical assistance to developing countries in Asia. The Asian Development Bank’s mission is to reduce poverty in Asia. Its headquarters are in Manila, Philippines and it has an office in Cambodia. 5. Cadastral Administration: The government agency responsible for registering land in Cambodia, issuing titles, keeping accurate records of land ownership and making them available to the public. 6. Cadastral Commission: Government body that is responsible for resolving conflicts related to unregistered land. 7. Civil complaint: If you file a civil complaint, you are claiming that someone has violated a Law, such as Land Law, and has caused harm to you or your community. You can file a civil complaint if you want to ask the Court to order the person who harmed you to pay you compensation. A civil complaint can also be made before the harm is done, to ask the court to stop it from happening. 8. Confidential: Keeping something secret. A lawyer must keep secret any information he or she is told by clients. 9. Criminal complaint: If you file a criminal complaint, you are claiming that someone has breached a criminal law, such as the Penal Code, and caused harm to society as a whole. This can result in the person being fined or sent to prison. 10. Defamation: An untrue statement or writing about a person that harms the honor or reputation of that person. PART III DEFENDING YOUR RIGHTS 75 11. Disinformation: It is illegal to spread information which is untrue, if, and only if: you do so in bad faith, your reasons for spreading the information are malicious, and if the information is likely to disturb the peace. 12. Forced displacement: When people or communities are made to leave their homes and lands. Forced displacement often happens because of non-inclusive development. 13. Incitement: Incitement is when somebody says or writes something that encourages others to break the law. 14. Injunction: An order given by the court that says a person must do something (for example, return property), or must not do something (for example, must not carry out a planned eviction). 15. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR): One of the most important international human rights laws. It protects the human rights to be involved in public affairs, association, assembly and expression, as well as other rights such as people’s rights to life and to be free from discrimination. 16. Land Register: The official list and description of land plots and owners in Cambodia. 17. Legal remedy: A legal remedy is a legal solution that prevents a violation of the law from happening or compensates for harm that is done when a law is violated. 18. Petition: A written protest or request, signed or thumbprinted by many people asking that the government or a private person or company does something or stops doing something. 19. Register: To add something to an official list. In Cambodia you can register many things, for example, births and deaths, your car or your business. When land is registered the owner is given a title and this can only be questioned in court. 20. Right to assembly: The right to meet peacefully without interference from others, including government officials. 21. Right to association: The right for people to be free to make or join organizations of their choice and free not to be forced to join or support other organizations if they do not want to. This right means that people have the right to associate with other people who share a common interest or goal. 22. Right to expression: The right to communicate and receive information and ideas. Expression can take different forms, for example, writing, speech or the use of symbols (such as banners or political posters). 76 PART III DEFENDING YOUR RIGHTS G 23. Sporadic registration: A way to register land which is started by an individual LOSSARY making an application to the Cadastral Administration. 24. Systematic registration: A way to register land which is started by the government. The provincial or municipal governor will choose an area and titling teams will travel to the area to investigate and register the land located there. 25. Title: An official record that states that a person legally owns a piece of land. 26. World Bank: An international development institution that provides loans, grants and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. The World Bank’s mission is to reduce global poverty. Its headquarters are in Washington D.C., USA and it has offices in many countries, including Cambodia. PART III DEFENDING YOUR RIGHTS 77 APPENDIX WHERE TO SEND LETTERS AND PETITIONS If you are involved in a land dispute or threatened with eviction, and it is not solved at the local level, you may want to complain to the provincial or municipal authorities. If you are not satisfied, you can raise your concerns at the national level. You can send letters or petitions to the following addresses: The Senate: Samdech Thormaportisal Chea Sim, Chairman of the Senate of Cambodia Address: Preah Norodom Boulevard, Chamkarmon, State Building, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 211 441, 023 211 442, 023 211 443 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.senate.gov.kh/ National Assembly: Samdech Ponhea Chakrei Heng Samrin, Chairman of the National Assembly. Address: National Assembly Street, 12301, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 213 535, 023 220 628 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cambodian-parliament.org The Cabinet of the Prime Minister: Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Royal Government of Cambodia. Address: Office of the Council of Ministers, #41, Russian Federation Boulevard, Room B21, Phnom Penh Tel: 012 804 442 Ministry of Interior: His Excellency Sar Kheng, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Interior. Address: #275 Norodom Boulevard, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 212 707, 023 726 148 Email: [email protected] Website: www.interior.gov.kh Office of the Council of Ministers: His Excellency Sok An, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Council of Ministers. Address: #41, Russian Federation Boulevard, Phnom Penh Tel: 012 804 442 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.pressocm.gov.kh/ , www.ocm.gov.kh 78 PART III DEFENDING YOUR RIGHTS G Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction: His Excellency LOSSARY Chhan Saphan, Secretary of State, Ministry of Land Management. Address: #771-773 Monivong Boulevard, Boeung Trabek, Chamkar Morn, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 994 139, 023 217 027 Website: http://www.mlmupc.gov.kh Secretary of the Cadastral Commission: Mr Vuthy Vannara, Director Address: Psar Neak Meas (1st Floor), Psar Dem Kor, Toul Kok, P.Penh Website: http://www.mlmupc.gov.kh Ministry of Justice: His Excellency Ung Vongvathana, Minster of Ministry of Justice. Address: N0 14, Sothearos Boulevard, Phnom Penh. Tel: 023 212 693 Email: [email protected] Website: www.moj.gov.kh Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries: His Excellency Chan Sarun, Minister of Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Address: #200 Norodom Boulevard, Sangkat Tonle Bassac, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 211 351, 023 211 352 Email: [email protected] Website: www.maff.gov.kh Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy: His Excellency Suy Sem, Minister of Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy. Address: #45, Norodom Boulevard. Email: [email protected] Website: www.mime.gov.kh Ministry of National Assembly and Senate Relations and Investigations: Address: #126 Sotheros Boulevard, 12301, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 221 491, 023 884 254, 023 882 761 Email: [email protected] National Authority for Land Dispute Resolution: Address: #113, Joseph Bros Tito (St. 214), 12258, Phnom Penh Tel: 023 211 387 Senate Human Rights Commission: Address: Norodom Boulevard, 12302 Phnom Penh Tel: 023 211 411, 023 211 412, 023 211 413 PART III DEFENDING YOUR RIGHTS 79 EXAMPLE COMPLAINT LETTER Here is an example of a complaint letter that one community threatened with eviction sent to the National Authority for Resolution of Land Disputes: Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King Complaint from: The people, and representatives of the people, living in Group 78, Village 14, Sagnkat Tonle Bassac, Khan Chamkarmorn, Phnom Penh. To: His Excellency Bin Chhin, President of National Authority for Resolution of Land Disputes. Objective: To complain concerning - The Notification No19 dated April 2009, issued by Municipality of Phnom Penh, and; - Sou Srun Company which grabbed the legal private land of people in Group 78 Reference: - Notification No19 dated April 2009, issued by Municipality of Phnom Penh, and; - Articles 29, 30, 31, 38, 42, 235, 254 of Land Law 2001 As mentioned in the subject and reference above, we would like to inform His Excellency that we are being oppressed by Municipality of Phnom Penh and Sou Srun Company which forced us to leave our houses and violated our legal rights on land.