Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 Humanitarian Situation Overview in Syria (HSOS) OVERALL FINDINGS1 Coverage Ar-Raqqa governorate is located in northeast Syria. The Euphrates River flows through the governorate and TURKEY into Al-Thawrah Dam, the largest hydroelectric dam providing electricity in Syria, although years of conflict have impacted the Dam and limited its ability to generate electricity. Only approximately a quarter of the AL HASAKEH communities assessed in Ar-Raqqa reported access to the network, with the majority relying on generators ALEPPO as their main source of electricity however, Marj Al-Zuhor community reported having no electricity source. The majority of assessed communities reported that between 76-100% of pre-conflict populations remained in their communities. Only one, Debsi Afnan, reported that members of the original population left in February due to protection concerns. Of the 15 assessed communities, 12 reported a presence of IDPs, approximately 80,000 IDPs in total, the majority (70,000) of whom were residing in Al-Thawrah community. No returnees have been reported in assessed communities in the governorate since December 2017, when 1,900 individuals returned to Al-Thawrah2. However, at the height of conflict in the area in mid-2017, there were only approximately 15,000 individuals residing in Al-Thawrah community, meaning that there has been significant population movement into Al-Thawrah since conflict subsided. Additionally, Al-Thawrah is the only assessed district that reported a lack of fuel. KIs reported that residents most commonly coped with Ar-Raqqa the lack of fuel by burning furniture, agricultural or other productive assets. All of the assessed communities in Al-Thawrah district reported that pregnancy-related conditions and severe diseases affecting children under fivewere the most common health concerns in their communities in February. Of the assessed communities, 12 stated that the majority of women deliver babies at home DEIR EZ ZOR with a midwife. Additionally, four of the assessed communities in Ar-Raqqa and two in Al-Tharwah district stated that there were no health facilities available in the area. Where KIs reported that health facilities were functioning, the majority of these facilities were primary private healthcare facilities. All of the assessed communities stated that they had sufficient amounts of water to meet household needs. Four of the assessed communities, all located in Ar-Raqqa subdistrict, reported that water tasted and/or smelled bad. Communities assessed (15 of HOMS308) Subdistricts with communities assessed (7 of 10) Of the assessed communities, four reported that prices on markets were regulated and nine of the assessed communities stated that they faced no challenges in accessing sufficient amounts of food. All of the assessed communities located in Al-Thawrah district reported that households lacked resources Top 3 reported priority needs Demographics* to purchase available foods. Ten of the assessed communities stated that their most common income sources came from stable employment and remittances from outside Syria, thereby indicating a need for 1. Healthcare 440,276 people in need more sustainable livelihood opportunities in the governorate. The remaining five communities, all of which are located within Al-Thawrah district, stated that household incomes were insufficient to cover household 2. Food security 229,824 210,452 needs in February. The majority of assessed communities reported that only primary schools were Water security functioning in their communities, while most of the assessed communities in Al-Thawrah district reported 3. * Figures based on HNO 2018 population data for the also having functioning secondary and high schools. entire governorate. KEY EVENTS Water and electricity services An estimated 34,000 people Rate of return to Ar Raqqa City Offensive to capture Ar-Raqqa Approximately 20,000 civilians Battle to capture Ar-Raqqa City mostly unavailable in the first return to Ar-Raqqa City and stands at approximately 700 city begins, triggering large-scale return to the Ar-Raqqa City, ends4. three Raqqa neighbourhoods nearby areas, despite continued households per day across displacement3. despite continued safety threats8. deemed safe for returns5. threats from explosive remnants6. neighbourhoods7. 6 June October 17 November onward Early December January 2018 February Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 Governorate areas of influence: Area of influence TURKEY Sourced from Live UA Map, 28 February 2018 Opposition - Free Syrian Army (FSA) AL HASAKEH Opposition - Free Syrian Army ALEPPO (Olive Branch/Idleb Shield) Democratic Federation of Northern Syria - Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF-coalition) Democratic Federation of Northern Syria - Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) ISIL-affiliated groups Ar-Raqqa Assessed Community City DEIR EZ ZOR 2 Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 DISPLACEMENT Estimated percent of pre-conflict population (PCP) displaced from community: Estimated number of IDP arrivals 0 in assessed communities in February. 0 Estimated number of spontaneous returns in assessed communities ALEPPO in February2. Communities with the largest estimated number of IDP arrivals: No reported IDP arrivals Ar-Raqqa Top 3 subdistricts of origin of most IDPs arrivals3,4: No reported IDP arrivals DEIR EZ ZOR 14 communities reported no PCP departures. Top 3 reasons for PCP displacement in the remaining 1 assessed community3,4: Estimated % of pre-conflict population displaced Protection concerns 100% from community Subdistrict with one or more assessed communities reporting spontaneous returns this month No further PCP departures reported 0-24% 25-49% 75-100% 50-74% Subdistrict with no assessed communities reporting spontaneous returns this month 3 Multiple choices allowed. 3 4 By percent of communities reporting. Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 SHELTER AND NFI Fuel sufficiency: Primary source of electricity 10 communities reported no lack of fuel. Most reported:4 common strategies to cope with a lack of fuel in the remaining 5 assessed communities3,4: 67% Generator 100+60+++ Burning furniture not in use 100% 27% Network Burning productive assets 60% 6% No source 67+276+0+0+A Ar-Raqqa Governorate average reported rent price in Syrian Pounds (SYP) across 3,375 SYP assessed communities.5 6,319 SYP Syrian average reported rent price in SYP across assessed communities.5 Most commonly reported shelter type for PCP (in red) and IDP (in grey) households4: 93+ Independent apartment/ house 42 93% Insufficient fuel reported Subdistrict with assessed communities +7+ 42% Sufficient fuel reported Subdistrict with no assessed communities Tent 25+ 7% Governorate capital 0+ 25% Shared apartment/ house 25 0% Reported fuel prices (in SYP)5: +0+ 25% Unfinished apartment/ house 8 0% Governorate average Governorate average Syrian average price +0+ 8% Fuel type: price in February: price in January: in February: 0 Coal (1 kilogram) 431 483 345 +0+ Diesel (1 litre) 146 111 321 0 Butane (1 canister) 3,273 4,450 6,997 +0+ 0 Firewood (1 tonne) 5,500 5,167 64,533 3 Multiple choices allowed. 4 4 By percent of communities reporting. 5 1 USD = 434 SYP (UN operational rates of exchange as of 1 March 2018) Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 HEALTH Presence of health facilities in assessed communities: 5 Communities reported that no assessed medical items were available in their community. Communities reported that the majority of women did not have access to formal health facilities 12 to give birth. 7 communities reported that residents experienced no barriers to accessing healthcare services. The barriers in the remaining 8 assessed communities were3,4: 75+25++++++ No health facilities available in the area 75% Ar-Raqqa Healthcare services too expensive 25% No health facilities reportedly available in area Subdistrict with assessed communities Health facilities reportedly available in area Governorate capital Subdistrict with no assessed communities 15 communities reported that residents were not using coping strategies to deal Top 3 most needed healthcare Top 3 most common health 3,4 with a lack of medical supplies . services reported3,4: problems reported3,4: ++ Antenatal care 73% Communicable diseases 67% Surgical care 60% Skin diseases 53% Assistive devices 53% Chronic diseases 33% 3 Multiple choices allowed. 5 4 By percent of communities reporting. Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 WASH Water sufficiency for household needs: 4 Communities reported that water from their primary source tasted and/or smelled bad. 0 Communities reported that drinking water from their primary source made people sick. 15 communities reported that residents had no problems with latrines3,4. +++++++ Ar-Raqqa Water in one or more assessed communities in subdistrict Insufficient water reported reportedly tastes/smells bad or makes people sick Sufficient water reported Governorate capital Water is reportedly fine to drink in all assessed 15 communities reported that they had sufficient amounts of water to meet communities in subdistrict household needs3,4. Primary drinking water source reported4: Top 3 reported methods of ++++ garbage disposal3,4: 60% Network 40% Water trucking Private paid collection 33% Buried or burned 20% 60+40+0+0+0+A Disposed at designated site 20% 3 Multiple choices allowed. 6 4 By percent of communities reporting. Ar-Raqqa Governorate, February 2018 FOOD SECURITY Food sufficiency: 0 Communities reported not having received a food distribution in the last 12