NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal ISSN No: 2581 - 4230 VOLUME 6, ISSUE 7, July -2020 THE ABDURAUF FITRAT LOVE FOR REAL MURATBEK YUSUPOV Namangan State University, Uzbekistan [email protected] ABSTRACT: Fitrat conveys the words of the positive The article attempts to analyze the characters of the work: Karimbakhshkhon, tragedy of Abdurauf Fitrat "Chin sevish" ("to Nuriddinkhon, Sarvarkhon, Zulaykho. Love truly») from the point of view of the author's educational and political activities, MAIN PART there are Parallels in the fate of the At the very beginning of the tragedy, playwright and his hero. In addition, the from the conversation of one of the characters, concepts of love and duty in the Karimbakhshkhon, with a rich, Western- representation of Fitrat are revealed. educated, Pro-Western-minded young man, KEYWORDS: educator, jadids, tragedy, Rahmatulloh, the reader develops a certain Turkestan, West, independence, love, idea about the participants in the dialogue, science, economy, fate, vile, betrayal, enemy which is confirmed in the future. of the people, optimistic tragedy. To rahmatulloh's message about the desire of England to give independence to India, about INTRODUCTION: the deep sense of justice among the British, Among the dramatic works of the Karimbakhshkhon responds with sarcasm and outstanding Uzbek writer, scientist, educator, disbelief, like a wise man with life experience: representative of the Jadid movement, "Oh-h... so as not to jinx it, they had a bad Abdurauf Fitrat, a special place is occupied by dream again? You are mistaken, my son. The the tragedy "Chin sevish" - "to Love truly" (here concept of justice will never find a place in the and further translation and notes M. Yu.). heart of Europe. The bird of dreams called The work created in 1920 (one of the Justice, even if by mistake it flies into these first dramatic works in Uzbek literature), the dark places, suffocates, cannot live... "[1]. 100th anniversary of which we are celebrating Well aware of what is really hidden this year, has a vital programmatic character under the guise of the West, Fitrat tears the veil both for the author and for the entire Jadid of enlightenment and democracy from the face movement. In this work, Fitrat clearly of Western politics, revealing the predatory formulated his position, as well as the position essence of all the aspirations of the colonizing of the jadids regarding the fate of Turkestan, West. The author aptly compares avaricious pointed out the ways of its development, and Europe with a leopard. By the mouth of his showed the true face of the "civilized and hero Marimbaphone playwright says: "In enlightened" West. Although the action takes Europe, there is enlightenment, but there is no place in distant India (in Delhi), the reader does conscience. The enlightenment of Europe is like not for a second doubt that we are talking the fangs and claws of a leopard. To tear and about Turkestan and its people, especially since devour the weak that is what all her thoughts almost all the characters are Muslims and they are directed to." [1] History has repeatedly have Muslim names. All his thoughts and ideas confirmed the truth of these words. about love, freedom, equality, enlightenment 320 | P a g e NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal ISSN No: 2581 - 4230 VOLUME 6, ISSUE 7, July -2020 Through the mouth of another hero using their language and laws, and not to fawn, Nuriddinkhon Fitrat laments that a multi- not to coward, not to grovel before them." "The million-strong, backward, fragmented country great Kazakh," writes the author of the book, is bending under the yoke of several thousand ò•≤¶•£¥¨π understood the essence of the invaders. The countries of the West, taking Russian Tsar's colonial policy." [5, 76-77] advantage of the ignorance of the people, We do not know whether Fitrat was where by cunning, where by bribing local familiar with the teachings of Abai, but one greedy officials, and where by open military thing is certain: the ringing voices of the two intervention shamelessly enslaved, oppressed great sons of the Kazakh and Uzbek peoples and plundered the captured countries. merged in unison-independence and dignity, Obviously, Fitrat, who understands the equality, the development of science and importance of science and knowledge for education. This is the only true path that the humanity, is aware that the countries of the Kazakh and Uzbek peoples should follow. East, in particular the once powerful Turkestan Enlightened Imperial Russia, like other due to its high level of education, are far behind colonizing countries in their colonies, did not the countries of the West in all spheres. The bring to the Turkestan region either the author clearly understands that without education that some local educators expected, education, science and a highly developed or economic development: the captured lands economy, it is impossible to be truly free. Fitrat were of interest to the Russian Empire only in argues that the true humanistic nature of terms of political influence on the region as a enlightenment is to serve for the benefit of whole and the raw material base. The humanity. Bolsheviks who overthrew the Tsar and came However, realizing that the enemy must to power in Russia in October 1917 were more be fought with his own weapons, the hero of concerned with strengthening this power and the play (we must understand the author) fighting external and internal enemies (real declares: "There is no doubt that it is necessary and imaginary). And, of course, there could be to receive and adopt European knowledge. You no question of any equality between the need to study in Europe in order to grow your invaders and the native population before the own fangs and claws to protect yourself from law, either in distant India or in Turkestan (is it them." These words are a logical continuation appropriate to talk about any kind of legality of the ideas about the need for reform and here?!). Cynical and, at the same time, true are development of science and education, put the words of Sherkhon (an agent of the secret forward by Fitrat a decade earlier in books and police): "From nine in the evening until dawn articles: "Debates...", "Stories of an Indian (curfew). If at this time hold one of English, traveller" and others. It is not superfluous to keep it till morning and then go home. The note that a similar idea lived in the neighboring Indian is sent to prison for a month. " [1] regions of Turkestan. So, in the book of K. The theme of love, which occupies a Nosirova's "Wise word of Abay", in particular, special place in Fitrat's work, runs like a red tells how the Kazakh writer-educator A. thread through the entire tragedy of "to Love Kunanbayev, speaking about the need to learn truly": love for the girl and the Motherland, for the Russian language, emphasizes: Russian friends and long-suffering people. What does it Russian language Kazakhs need... to be able to mean to "love truly" in the understanding of talk with Russian officials on an equal footing, Fitrat? He believes that love is such a sublime protecting their human and national dignity, 321 | P a g e NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal ISSN No: 2581 - 4230 VOLUME 6, ISSUE 7, July -2020 feeling when a person is happy with the jail with empty words and no proof. The poor happiness of a loved one. man has been languishing here for two The main character of the tragedy of months... "[1]. Noureddine loves a girl named zulayho The tragedy of "to Love truly" became daughter Marimbaphone. But he doesn't reveal prophetic: Fitrat, without knowing it, or rather, his feelings to her. "Why?" asks the as a person who sees far ahead, predicted his inexperienced reader. And zulayho and her fate and the fate of many talented, advanced father favored him; see him as a smart, decent people of his time (regardless of nationality, young man. It becomes clear that if religion, type of activity, age, gender) many nuriddinhon had confessed his love to the girl, years before the tragic events of the 30s, 40s, she would have returned it. However, the hero 50s of the twentieth century. does not do this. He is pensive, sad; often In 1938, Abdurauf Ftirat will suffer bursts into tears, tormented by his innermost almost the same fate as the hero of his tragedy thoughts. "Love is not a disease: it is a means to Nuriddinhona: on the slander of enemies and protect people from becoming animals. Real envious, on false charges, he will be arrested lovers live by thinking about their loved ones... and shot among others, as an enemy of the a real lover thinks about the happiness of his people. )ï≥ like Nuriddinova, no one will try to beloved, not about his own," Nuriddinhon says pull to steal from the torture chambers of the of love. [1]. And at the same time, he sharply People's Commissar of Internal Affairs. condemns European love, saying that there is Released Nurdinjon will die with weapons in no soul in Europe, that they do not understand his hands along with his colleagues for the anything about spiritual pleasure... what is country's independence. Fitrat will not be able called love in Europe today is nothing but to justify himself or wait for justice. In this °Æ©≠°¨ §•≥©≤•å respect, fate was more cruel to the author than One of the negative characters in the the author was to his hero. Later, Fitrat will be tragedy, Rahmatulloh, is depicted as an rehabilitated-posthumously; he will be given educated, but European-style mean young man.