A Discovery of the tetraquark by the Belle Experiment Sookyung Choi (For the Belle Collaboraon) Gyeongsang Naonal University JAGIELLONIAN Symposium, Krakow, Poland, June 9 2015 1 Outline • X(3872) • Charged Charmonium-like states : Z(4430), Z(4200), … • Charged Boomonium-like states : Zb’s • More charged charmonium-like states : Zc (3895), … , more BESIII Zc’s 2 Charmonium & Boomonium spectrum _ 3 cc assignments for the XYZ mesons? _ S Olsen, Front. Phys. 10, 101401 (2015) Z(4430) no unassigned levels for - - Y(4360) the (5) charged Zs the 1 Y(4260) & Y(4360) _ must have a minimal _ Y(4260) Z2(4250) quark content of ccud X(4160) Z(4200) Z(4050) Close to D*D* threshold X(3940) Y(3915) Zc(3900) X(3872) Close to D*D threshold the X(3940) & X(4160) as the Y(3915) mass and the ηc(3S) & ηc(4S) would Γ(Y ωJ/ψ) are too imply huge hyperfine high for the χc0(2P) splittings for n=3&4 Neutral XYZ states Charged Z states 4 The list of XYZ states keeps growing (@2014) S Olsen, Front. Phys. 10, 101401 (2015) 5 Models for XYZ Mesons Tetra-quarks _ u c Hybrids _ u _ c _ c c (π) _ c _ c _ u _ π u _ c _ u c _ u c (π) c meson - molecules diquarkonium hadro - quarkonium (diquark-dian5quarks) Ispin triplet neutral doublet & singlet ? charged doublet X(3872)YZ should have partner states: Three missing states in any pictures 6 The X(3872) BKπ+π-J/ψ ψ’π+π-J/ψ X(3872)π+π-J/ψ X(3872) aer 11 years (& >1000 cites, by 2014 Nov) 7 What do we know about the X(3872)? Belle BaBar BESIII CMS Y(4260) γX(3872)? MX(3872) = 3871.69 ± 0.17 MeV mD0 + mD*0 = 3871.80 ± 0.17 MeV “B.E.” = 100 ± 210 keV 8 ΓX(3872< 1.2 MeV (90% CL) JPC=1++ Belle PRD 84, 052004(R): JPC = 1++ or 2-+ CDF PRL 98, 132002: JPC = 1++ or 2-+ 1-- 1++, 2-+ 0++ LHCb PRL 110, 222001: JPC = 1++ Radiave decays of X(3872) : a probe of the nature of X(3872) C=+1 X(3872) γ ψ’, γ J/ψ BaBar Belle LHCb From T. Skwarnicki (Moriond QCD 2015) 10 Strong decay X(3872)DD* PRD81, 031103(2010) B →K D0D*0 2-dim. Fit 605 fb-1 D*0→D0γ 6.4σ B+&D 0BD00 π→0 D0D*0K +0.7 M =3875.1 ±0.5 MeV −0.5 414fb-1 B →KD0D0π0 347fb-1 D*0→D0π0 BaBar PRD77, 011102(2008) Belle PRL97, 162002(2006) Both groups saw a high mass value + 0.6 + 0.4 & a Bf(DD*) ≈ 10x Bf(π+π-J/ψ) M = 3872.9 − 0.4 − 0.5 MeV Agrees with Mass from ππJ/ψ mode + 2.8 + 0.2 Γ(BW) = 3.9 − 1.4 − 1.1 MeV *0 0 -4 B(BK X3872)xB(X3872D D ) = (0.80±0.20± 0.10)x10 11 Isospin of the X(3872) No X(3872) charged partner states in BKπ+π0J/ψ Belle PRD 84, 052004(R) + + (If M(X ) > mD++mD*0 ≈ 3877 MeV, Γ(X ) may be wide) & BaBar PRD 71, 031501 0 0 - + 0* + 0 + 0 0 D B K π π J/ψ B K π π* J/ψ D +m + +m D + D m m M(π+π0J/ψ) (GeV) M(π+π0J/ψ) (GeV) 12 Isospin mixing in the X(3872) X(3872) ρ J/ψ Isospin violang decay modes (each other) with similar BFs ω J/ψ X(3872)D0D*_ 0 ~ 10 x BF(X J/ψππ ) Eric Braaten: “S-wave DD* molecular components must exist” _ D0 D+ D*- _ D* 0 0 _ 0 X(3872) is mostly |D D* > mixture of |I=0 >& |I=1> 13 _ _ CDF: ~85% of pp_ X(3872) is prompt D0: prompt ppX(3872)X ≈ ppψ’X D0 PRl 93, 162002 prompt X(3872) & ψ’ have similar produc5on characteris5cs (i.e. pT- & |y|-dependence, isolaon, etc.) BX(3872)+X _ c D0 c ψ’ _ D* 0 14 “hybrid” model for the X(3872) e.g., Takizawa & Takeuchi PTEP 9, 093D01 D0 + _ D c D*- c _ D* 0 XωJ/ψ decays XρJ/ψ decays producon 15 Charged Charmonium-like states : Z(4430), Z(4050), Z(4250) , Z(4200) (new) and Z(3885).. 16 The Z(4430)+ Found by Belle in 2007 Belle : 660M BB S-K Choi et al Belle: PRL 100 142001 R. Mizuk et al Belle: PRD 78 072004 5.2σ + M(π ψ’) Not seen by BaBar But both Data seems consistent Charged state cannot be Belle published two more results Latest one uses 17 4D amplitude analysis Quantum numbers of the Z(4430)+ Z(4430)+ π+ψ’ in BΚ-π+ψ’ K Chilikin et al Belle: PRD 88 07402 (2013) Belle : 772 M BB 6.1σ M2(π+ψ’) Results from 4D fit 4485 MeV 18 1+ is favored over 0- by 3.4 σ 18 Is Z(4430)+ a resonance or rescaering effect ? Taken from T. Skwarnicki (Moriond QCD 2015) LHCb 19 The Z(4200)+ New from Belle: 4-dim analysis of BK+π-J/ψ K Chilikin et al Belle: PRD 90 112009 (arXiv: 1408.6457 ) (2014) 20 New state Z(4200)+ π-J/ψ 6.2 σ 13+1 132+1 1+ is favored over 0- by 6.1σ and 2- by 4.4 σ 21 Z(4430)+ π-J/ψ BKπ+J/ψ with Z(4430) 4.0σ no Z(4430) This may support the Z(4430) as an hadro-charmonium other than conven5onal tetraquark state M(Zc(4430))-M(Zc(3900)) = 589 ± 30 MeV Is Z(4430) a radial excitaon of the ground M(ψ’) – M(J/ψ) = 589 MeV 22 state of Zc(3900) ? + + + Z(4050) and Z(4250) π χc1 0 - + in B Κ π χc1 PRD 78, 072004 (2008) > 5 σ 23 Charged Boomonium-like Zb states and neutral partner state: + + 0 Zb(10610) , Zb(10650) and Zb(10610) 24 The Y(4260) + - + - found by BaBar in e e → γISRπ π J/ψ hadrons) - e + (e σ Confirmed by Cleo, Belle and BES BaBar PRD86, 051102 Ecm (GeV) → Γ(π+π-J/ψ) is large, 10~100 × charmonium M(π+π-J/ψ) (GeV) Is there a b-quark version of Y(4260)? 25 “boomonium” bb mesons _ New Measurement of Rb , Rϒ(nS)ππ (Con5nuum subtrac5on Is there any anomaly in and ISR correc5on applied) ϒ(4S,5S) π+π- ϒ (1S) ? th Lum ~1/20 th σ ~1/5 Signal ~×6 2S 3S 4S “5S” Belle: PRL 100 112001 parent Γ(Y4,5Sππϒ1S) ϒ(4S) 1.75 ± 0.35 keV “ϒ(5S)” 590 ± 110 keV Energy scan 26 26 Belle PRL 108, 122001 (2012) “ϒ(5S)” π+π- ϒ (1,2,3S) ? 121.4 -1 + - Υ(3S)π π ) + - ± π π π ϒ ( 2 M Υ(2S)π+π- ) ± π ϒ ( 2 M + - π+π- Υ(1S)π π ) ± π ϒ ( 2 M 2 + - M (π π ) 27 + - Belle PRL 108, 122001 (2012) “ϒ(5S)” π π ϒ (1S) ? 121.4 -1 Υ(3S)π+π- ) + - ± π π π ϒ ( 2 M M(ϒ(3S)π±) Υ(2S)π+π- M(ϒ(2S)π±) π+π- Υ(1S)π+π- ± M(ϒ(1S)π ) 28 Belle PRL 108, 122001 (2012) - + 121.4 -1 “ϒ(5S)” π Zb1,2 π+ϒ (1,2,3S) MeV + MeV π 10,660 10,610 ϒ (3S) ϒ (2S) ϒ (1S) + M(ϒ(nS)π )max 29 Belle PRL 108, 122001 (2012) “ϒ(5S)” π-Z + 121.4 -1 Boomonium spectrum b1,2 + π hb(1P, 2P) MeV + MeV π 10,660 10,610 30 Summary of parameter measurements Belle PRL 108, 122001 * B +m B* B m 2m B d b B* Z (10610) Z (10650) d b b b M=10607.2±2.0 MeV M=10652.2±1.5 MeV Γ=18.4±2.4 MeV Γ=11.5±2.2 MeV 31 _ _ Zb(10610)BB* & Zb(10650)B*B* _ “ϒ(5S)” π-(BB*)+ “ϒ(5S)” π-(B*B*)_ + ± Z (10650)± Zb(10610) b _ _ M(B*B*) M(BB*) arXiv : 1209.6450 _ Bf(Zb(10610)BB* _ _ =6.2±0.7 Bf(Zb(10650)B*B* Bf(Z (10610) +(bb) _ =2.8±0.4 b π + Bf(Zb(10650)π (bb) 32 0 0 0 Zb search in ϒ(5S) π π ϒ (1,2S) Belle PRD 88 052016 (2013) 33 More Zc states 34 Discovery chain from Y(4260) to Zb(c)’s + - + - by BaBar in e e → γISRπ π J/ψ Y(4260) discovered Is there a b-quark equivalent? ??? Yes, & it decays to Zb states + - ϒ(5S) π Ζb π+π- ϒ (1S) Are there c-quark versions of Zb’s? Yes, many Zc’s !! 35 PRL 110, 252002 (2013) Zc(3895) by Belle arXiv:1304.0121 + - - + + - e e (γ)Y(4260)π Zc(3895) π π J/ψ Z(4430) Y(4360) BESIII data clearly Y(4260) P + Z2(4250) establish J =1 X(4160) From DD* + π Z(4050) X(3940) Y(3915) Zc(3900) X(3872) π- Mass = (3894.5 ± 6.6 ± 4.5) MeV Neutral XYZ states Width = (63 ± 24 ± 26) MeV Charged Z states Fraction = (29.0 ± 8.9)% (stat. error only) Significance = 5.2 σ 36 - + + Y(4260)π Zc(3900) π π J/ψ BESIII: PRL 110, 252001 arXiv:1303.5949 Mass = (3899.0±3.6±4.9) MeV Width = (46±10±20) MeV Fraction = (21.5±3.3±7.5)% Significance > 8 σ 37 Zc states from BESIII 38 Summary of Zc states discovered in the BESIII experiment From Xu Xinping, C.