CHAPTER 4 PROJECT OPTIONS SECOND SCHEDULE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) for the Proposed Development of Solid Waste Transfer Station, on 12.474 Acres of Land on Lots 1336 & 1337, Pekan Nenas, Mukim Jeram Batu, Daerah Pontian, Johor Darul Takzim for Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara (JPSPN) CHAPTER 4 PROJECT OPTIONS 4 PROJECT OPTION The aim of this proposed project is to provide a waste transit infrastructure prior to final disposal at Seelong Landfill. This is among a preferable alternative in order to replace the existing open dumping or landfilling method of solid waste for Pontian District. Since this project involves transfer station pertaining to solid waste management, the project options; Build-Out and No-Build option will be discussed based on the EIA guidelines covering the following: 4.1 SITE SELECTION OPTION No other site was considered for this project as the chosen site is right adjacent to the existing landfill therefore it is considered to be the best option. The existing Pekan Nenas Landfill which is in operations will be closed upon completion of this proposed transfer station. The project site is also considered suitable due to its topographical setting and surrounding area. The topography to the west and south of the project site is found a broad, flat coastal plain, whilst to the east of the NNW-SSE trending ridge. Thus the development area will be located at south of the project site with the elevation ranges between 16 m to 23 m. The site selection is in line with the PlanMalaysia’s resolution as mention in the letter (Ref: JPBD.J8/33170(06) dated 22nd January 2019). Referred to item 3.3 “to minimize the cutting of topography and the activity of hill cutting is subject under Garis Panduan Pemeliharaan Topografi Semulajadi di kawasan Bukit Dalam Perancangan dan Pembangunan Fizikal Mengikut Akta Perancangan Bandar dan Desa 1976 [Akta 172]. The development of PNTS will be on 5.97 ac, near to the existing access road. Currently the access road is used for transportation of solid waste from Pontian district to Pekan Nenas Landfill area. There are no public vehicle use the road that fronting to the project site. The nearest house is at Kg. Ayer Putih which located at North West. Distance from south west boundary is about 590 m compared to the north boundary is 460 m. The north area will be maintain as a buffer zone. 4.2 BUILD-OUT AND NO-BUILD OPTION JPSPN is a government body entrusted for the solid waste management of the country. It is their responsibility and expertise in this field to ensure that appropriate waste storage and disposal area are provided within the country; in this case Pontian District. The JPSPN adopts design and operational standards that are recognised and commensurate with the local and international requirements. The project implementation will ensure compliance with Malaysia’s environmental and safety standards, international and best industry practices. 4.2.1 Build-Out The “BUILD-OUT” option presents an overview of the impacts from the project implementation and a comparison be made with the impacts of non-implementation of the project. The potentially adverse environmental concerns without adequate mitigation measures being incorporated into the project design could be as follows: IKTISAS ENVIRONMENT SDN. BHD. 4-2 Lot 303C, Lorong Selangor, Fasa 4B, Pusat Bandar Melawati, 53100 Kuala Lumpur SECOND SCHEDULE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) for the Proposed Development of Solid Waste Transfer Station, on 12.474 Acres of Land on Lots 1336 & 1337, Pekan Nenas, Mukim Jeram Batu, Daerah Pontian, Johor Darul Takzim for Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara (JPSPN) a. Degradation of water quality, in which the worst case can adversely affect aquatic life and water resources; b. Harmful environmental conditions due to abnormal incidence and accidental release or seepage such as leachate, bad odour and hygienic during an operation stage; c. Physical damage to properties and loss of human life due to improper environmental control; and d. Damage and potential loss of human life due to accidents involving vehicles, during the transportation stage of the project. With the adoption of high standards of environmental protection measures and strict adherence to regulatory requirements in the waste and transportation, the environmental impacts due to non-implementation of mitigation measures as discussed above could be reduced to a minimal level. 4.2.2 No-Build “NO BUILD OPTION” would mean non-implementation of the project, which would mean that the potential development to provide adequate solid waste disposal method and facilities would not be realised. However, non-implementation will also mean that the potential for impact to the land-based components and environment will not occur. In summary, non-implementation of the project will affect the continued development within the State and will consequently result in a significant loss of waste storage areas and other benefits including the following: - a. Loss of environmentally safe waste transit area; b. Loss of employment opportunities related to the waste management activities of the project; c. Loss of spin-off economic/business opportunities for truck drivers, suppliers of equipment, recyclers as well as labour forces. 4.3 TECHNOLOGY OPTION Several technology options had been considered based on available technology and site conditions. The various options are discussed in the following sections. 4.3.1 Leachate Treatment Technology Option Two treatment options were considered for leachate generated from the proposed transfer station. a. Option 1 The first option was to collect the leachate from transfer station operation into 8 separate container units/tank with the capacity of 20 ton/tank. The leachate collected in this tank will then be transported out to Seelong Landfill leachate treatment plant for treatment and disposal. This option however does not in line with the Section 9 of Environmental Quality (Control of Pollution from Solid Waste Transfer Station and Landfill) Regulations 2009 where it stated that: “No person shall operate a solid waste transfer station or landfill without a leachate treatment system.” DOE has advice on this matter via letter Ref: AS(PN)50/013/909/005Jilid 22, dated 12th September 2018 . IKTISAS ENVIRONMENT SDN. BHD. 4-3 Lot 303C, Lorong Selangor, Fasa 4B, Pusat Bandar Melawati, 53100 Kuala Lumpur SECOND SCHEDULE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) for the Proposed Development of Solid Waste Transfer Station, on 12.474 Acres of Land on Lots 1336 & 1337, Pekan Nenas, Mukim Jeram Batu, Daerah Pontian, Johor Darul Takzim for Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara (JPSPN) b. Option 2 Leachate treatment plant will be constructed in the proposed project site. It will be design based on the following criteria: Capacity : 25 m3/day Influent Parameter : General Composition of the Fresh Leachate Wastewater from the Collection Truck Effluent Parameter : Acceptable Conditions for Discharge of Leachate 4.4 ROUTE OPTION Based on receiving of solid waste information at Pekan Nenas Landfill area, a time motion study from Solid Waste Transfer Station Pekan Nenas to Seelong Sanitary Landfill area was conducted. The distance is 52 km. The results of time motion study is tabulated in Table 4.1. Table 4.1: Results of Time Motion Study from Solid Waste Transfer Station Pekan Nenas to Seelong Sanitary Landfill No. Location Distance Time Road (km) (minute) Solid Waste Transfer Station Pekan 1. Nenas 2. Simpang Jalan Sawah 03.00 04.00 Jalan TPPN 3. Route 165 (Simpang Tiga) 03.00 04.00 Jalan Sawah 4. Ladang Sri Pulai 04.00 06.00 Jalan Sawah Bentara Gemilang Industries Sdn 5. 06.00 08.00 Jalan Sawah Bhd Tunnel (Underground PLUS 6. 03.00 05.00 Jalan Sawah highway) PLUS 7. Tol Plaza Kulai 05.00 05.00 Highway PLUS 8. Tol Plaza Senai (North) 01.00 01.00 Highway 9. Junction to Senai 10.00 10.00 Road 304 Junction to Taman Perindustrian 10. 06.00 06.00 JKR Road Murno Senai 11. Junction of Jalan Seelong 01.00 02.00 JKR Road 12. Jalan Seelong 02.00 02.00 JKR Road 13. Junction of Jalan Sg. Tiram 01.00 02.00 JKR Road Jalan Landill 14. Landfill Sanitay Seelong 07.00 01.00 Pekan Nenas Total 52.00 63.00 Based on the results in Table 4.1, the duration from the proposed Solid Waste Transfer Station to Seelong Sanitary Landfill is 63 minutes and the distance is 52 km, which the average speed is 60 km/hour. Figure 4.1 showing the main route from Solid Waste Transfer Station Pekan Nenas to Seelong Sanitary Landfill. This route is considered to be used as a main route to Sanitary Seelong Landfill via Second Link Expressway where the road is able to carry the heavy truck from Solid Waste Transfer Station. Alternative route for any hindrance is using Road 165 as shown in Figure 4.2. IKTISAS ENVIRONMENT SDN. BHD. 4-4 Lot 303C, Lorong Selangor, Fasa 4B, Pusat Bandar Melawati, 53100 Kuala Lumpur Gambar Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan laluan utama (Biru) lori dari SPPN ke TPSS seperti yang dicadangkan di dalam Jadual 3.2. SPPN TAPAK SPPN PROPONENT: PROJECT TITLE: EIA CONSULTANT: Figure 4.1: Proposed Main Proposed Development Road from Solid Waste Of Solid Waste Transfer Station Coordinate system: GCS WGS 1984 On 12.474 ac of Land on Lot 1336 & 1337, Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara Transfer Station Pekan Datum: WGS 1984 Pekan Nenas, Mukim Jeram Batu, Daerah Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan IKTISAS ENVIRONMENT SDN. BHD Nenas to Seelong Sanitary Source: HLA Associate Sdn Bhd, 2018 Pontian, Johor Darul Takzim Tempatan Aras 23 & 24, No. 51, Jalan Lot 303C, Lorong Selangor, Persiaran Perdana, Presint 4, Fasa 4B, Pusat Bandar Melawati, Landfill 62100 Putrajaya 53100 Kuala Lumpur SPPN PROPONENT: PROJECT TITLE: EIA CONSULTANT: Figure 4.2: Alternative Proposed Development Route from Solid Waste Of Solid Waste Transfer Station Coordinate system: GCS WGS 1984 On 12.474 ac of Land on Lot 1336 & 1337, Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara Transfer Station Pekan Datum: WGS 1984 Pekan Nenas, Mukim Jeram Batu, Daerah Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan IKTISAS ENVIRONMENT SDN.