Difference between Japanese and English ① There is space between words in English, but Japanese doesn’t have such spaces. Space has a certain meaning in English, and English word-processors recognize this space as a character like one of the 26 alphabet letters. Without space English sentences are not understandable, but in Japanese they are understandable. There are exceptions when Japanese sentences are written only in hiragana（ひ らがな）. Here is an example: Kokodehakimonowonugukoto ここではきものをぬぐこと kokode hakimonowo nugukoto ここで、 履物を 脱ぐこと (You have to take off your shoes here.) kokodeha kimonowo nugukoto ここでは、 着物を 脱ぐこと (You have to take off your clothes here.) Division n: noun koko de hakimono wo nugu koto v: verb n p n p v n p: particle koko de ha(wa) kimono wo nugu koto n p p n p v n cf. de means a certain place. de ha is used when a distinction is mentioned. The particle “ha（は）” is actually pronounced like “wa（わ）”. ② English can be written using just 26 letters in addition to .(period) ,(comma):(colon) ;(semicolon) ‘(single quotation mark) “(double quotation mark) and so on. In Japanese, it is possible to express everything in 46 hiragana letters in addition to the two voiced consonant symbols ゛and ゜ (dakuten and handakuten)（濁点と半濁点）, 、(touten)（読 点） and 。(kuten)（句点）, but a lot of Chinese characters (kanji) （漢字） are used in Japanese sentences. It helps to understand them quickly. ③ In English the word order is the opposite of Japanese. A verb directly follows a subject. This means the conclusion can be understood before decorations are added. ④ Japanese hiragana can be expressed by one or two consonants and a vowel. Each hiragana is a phonetic symbol. A hiragana corresponds to a phonetic symbol in Japanese, but in English spelling doesn’t correspond to a phonetic symbol. It makes learning difficult. English has many more vowels than Japanese. ⑤ Japanese has more words in some fields such as the names of fish than English. English has more words in some fields such as the names of meat than Japanese. This is because Japanese eat fish a lot and westerners eat meat a lot. ⑥ In Japanese sentences the subject is often omitted. I heard that without subjects the translation machines have trouble when they translate Japanese sentences into English ones. This means Japanese sentences are understandable without subjects. And it is rare to have English sentences without subjects. .