GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA REVISED DRAFT SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT, ANDHRA GOVERNMENT PRESS KURNOOL October 1955 FOREWORD ^ H E revised draft Second Five-Year Plan of the Andhra State is divided into two parts. The first part contains a general appireciation of the Plan; in the second part the programmes of dlevelopment are briefly presented. The'main lines of development in the villages and the dist:ricts have been formulated with the active participation of the people at various levels, the planning process in the whole Statte being completed during a short period of four months after the elections. Certain sectors of the Plan have been con:sidered by the Standing Advisory Committee for Industries andl the outline of the Plan as a whole by the State Advisory Connmittee for Planning. Consultations have been held with the Members of Parliament from this State. The State Assembly devoted two days for a general debate on the draft Plaai. Detailed discussions with the Planning Commission have also been completed and the revised draft Plan has been prepared within the provisional ceiling of Rs. 12510 crores indicated by the Planning Commission. The Plan-preparation, Plan-discussion and Plan-finalization stages have thus been completed. There will be a further rapid review by the Planning Commission with individual States, but changes which may have to be made will only be of a very small order. Thereafter will follow the real task of Plan-fulfilment—“the mighty adventure of rebuilding India.” S. C h a k r a v a r t i, Development Commissioner and Secretary to Government, Planning and Development Department. A CONTENTS. FOREWORD PART ONE GENERAL APPRECIATION OF THE REVISED DRAFT STATE PLAN- PAGE. I P’ERSPECTIVE OF PLANNING ............................................................................. 1 II P'ROGRBSS OF FIRST PLAN AND LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT ANTICIPATED AT THE END OF THE FIRST PLAN. 3 III IPARTICULARS AND PHASING OF DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE .. 4 IV ASSESSMENT OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES .................................................7 V OBJECTIVES AND MAIN FEATURES OF TOE .. .. .. 9 VI PRINCIPAL TARGETS .. .. ................................................................ 12 VII INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT SECTORS OF DEVELOP­ MENT. 15 VIII TRAINING PROGRAMMES .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 IX MATERIALS, MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT........................................................18 X EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL .. .. .. .. .. .. 19 XI RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATION................................. ., .. .. 20 XII IPOLICY AND ADM INISTRATION................................. .. .. .. 21 PART TWO XIII PROGRAMMES OF DEVELOPMENT (0) 1 AGRICULTURE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Agriculture (00) 25 M in o r I r r ig a t io n P r o je c t s (1 2 ) . 29 L a n d D e v e l o p m e n t (S o il C onservation ) . 29 A n im a l H u s b a n d r y (0 3 ) in c l u d in g D a ir y in g a n d M il k S u p p l y (04) 29 F o r e sts (05) 34 F is h e rie s (0 6 ) . 35 C o m m u n it y P r o je c t s a n d N a t io n a l E x t e n s io n S e r v ic e (07) 38 C o -o p e r a t io n (08) in c l u d in g W a r e h o u s in g a n d M a r k e t in g (0 2 ) . 40 M iscellaneous (09) .. .. .. .... 44 2 IRRIGATION AND POWER— (]) I r r ig a t io n (11) 45 P o w e r (13 t o 15) . 47 3 INDUSTRIES (2) 49 4 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS (3) 55 5 EDUCATION ( 5 ) ........................................... 59 CONTENTS PAGE 6 HEALTH— (6) .. .. 62 M e d ic a l . , , , 62 P u b l ic H e a l t h • , . • 66 7 HOUSING (7) .. .. 70 8 OTHER SOCIAL SERVICES— 72 L a b o u r a n d L a b o u r W el f a r e (80) 72 W el f a r e o f S c h e d u l e d T r ib e s (81) 73 W e l fa r e o f S c h e d u l e d C astes a n d B a c k w a r d C lasses (8 2 ) 78 S o c ia l W e lfa r e E x t e n s io n P r o je c t s (83) .. ., 82 W o m en ’s W e l f a r e (84) .. .. .. .. 82 9 miscellaneous - m u n i c i p a l AND S e l e c t U r b a n P a n c h a y a t s . 84 V il l a g e a n d D is t r ic t P l a n s . 86 B roadcasting a n d P u b l ic it y . 87 D ev e lo pm e n t o f C a p it a l .. .. .. .. 88 S t a t is t ic s .. .. .. .. .. .. 89 STATEMENTS. S t a t e m e n t A—Plan expenditure 1956-61 Phasing and Foreign exchange... 91 S t a t e m e n t B—Plan expenditure »n Revenue and Capital Account. 93 S t a t e m e n t C—Receipts on account of the Plan .. .. 95 S t a t e m e n t D — Targets of work/capacity .. .. .. 96 S t a t e m e n t E -1 —Manpower requirements—Construction Phase 105 S t a t e m e n t E-2—Manpower requirements—Continuing Phase 113 S t a t e m e n t F—Materials, Machinery and Equipment .. 120 S t a t e m e n t A—Plan expenditure, 1956-61—Phasing and Foreign exchange.—For schemes 124 estimated to cost Rs. 50 lakhs or more. S t a t e m e n t D—Targets of work/capacity.—For schemes estimated to cost of Rs. 50 127 lakhs or more. St a t e m e n t E-l—Manpower requirements—Construction Phase.—For schemes estimated 131 to cost Rs 50 lakhs or more. S t a t e m e n t E 2—Manpower requirements—Continuing Phase.—For schemes estimated 134 to cost Rs. 50 lakhs or more. S t a t e m e n t F—Materials, Machinary and Equipment.—For schemes estimated to cost 137 Rs. 50 lakhs or more. S t a t e m e n t G —List of schemes costing less than Rs. 5 0 lakhs 141 PART ONE GENERAL APPRECIATION OF THE REVISED DRAFT STATE PLAN. I. PERSPECl’IVE OF PLANNING. The Andhra State came into existence on ist October 1953, that is exactly half-way through the First Five-Year Plan. The Plan which the State inherited was not prepared by the Composite State with refer­ ence to the specific requirements of Andhra and could not in the very nature of things meet the needs of the new State. The Plan now formu­ lated must therefore serve as the real First Plan for this State. A State which to some extent has missed the full opportunity during the F’irst Plan and the resources of which have not been adequately deve­ loped till now, can, under a planned econonly, justifiably have a pro­ gramme of development comparatively bigger in scope than what its inter­ nal resources alone would warrant. For the new State, the needs are larger and the expectations greater. The need for balancing revenue expenditure with revenue resources has, however, been steadily kept in view. The Andhra State has an area of 63,417 square miles and a population of 20,507,801 (1951 census). It is a predominantly agricultural State with a high pressure of population on agricultural land, nearly 70 per cent of the people depending on the land for a living in one way or another. With 1/18 of the population of India, Andhra has about 5 per cent of the country’s area and 15 per cent of the water resources. O f the 100 mil­ lion acre feet of water available from Andhra rivers and canals, barely -1/5 is being utilized for existing irrigation. The balance amounting to 80 million acre feet has yet to be exploited. It has been estimated that the river basins of Andhra are capable of increasing the irrigated area by 10 million acres and supplying 5,000,000 K.W. of power. The picture on the power side is the same— ^plentiful but untapped resources. Less than 2 per cent of the 16,000 villages in Andhra are now receiving electric sup­ ply; the per capita consumption is only 5 units even against the low national average of 14. As regards mineral resources 2/3 of the total area have yet to be surveyed and the State is industrially backward. With 6 per cent of the country’s population, the paid-up capital of enterprise operating in the State forms less than 1 per cent of the national total. The economy of Andhra has thus remained by and large stagnant. This explains the persistence of unemployment, under-employment and poverty which can only be corrected by the optimum utilization of the resources of the State side by side with the developments contemplated in the National Plan. The brunt of the answer to the problem of unemployment and underemployment, so far as this State is concerned, must fall on the Agri­ cultural and Cottage Industries sectors and Public Works programmes of a labour intensive nature.