MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEEDS SURVEY ON HIGH SPEED RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY AND SKILLS IN INDIA FINAL REPORT March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY SAD CR(3) - 12 007 MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEEDS SURVEY ON HIGH SPEED RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY AND SKILLS IN INDIA FINAL REPORT March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY Needs Survey on High Speed Railway Technology and Skills in India FINAL REPORT India STUDY LOCATION MAP Rail Coach Factory (RCF) Location of Site Surveys DMRC Workshop RDSO (Research Design & Delhi- Jaipur- Ajmer- Jodhpur Standards Organization) (approx.550 km) Bihar State Gov't Gujarat State Gov't Bombardier Factory Maharashtra State Gov't Bharat Earth Movers Ltd. (BEML) Integral Coach Factory (ICF) Basic Data of India Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs *1: Census 2011(Temporary) *2: Census 2001 2 ■Area: 3.29 million km (8.7 times area of Japan) Other data are for the year 2010 (Gov't of India: incl. disputed area) ■Population: 1.2 billion*1 ■Total Amount of Trade (Gov't of India) Population Growth: 17.64％ (2002/200) *1 (1) Exports: US$ 246 billion ■Capital: New Delhi (population: 300,000 ※2) (2) Imports: US$ 351 billion ■Ethnic: Aryan Indian, Dravidian, Mongoloid, etc. ■Major Items of Trade ■Language: Hindi (Federal Official Language) (1) Exports: Machinery & Equipment, Petroleum & 21 State Languages Products, Chemical Products, Jewels ■Religion: Hindi (80%), Muslim (13%), (2) Imports: Crude Oil & Petroleum Products, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain *2 Capital Goods, Gold, Silver ■Major Industry: ■Currency: Indian Rupee (Rs.) US$1 = 52.78Rs. Agriculture, Industry, Mining, IT industry (January 2012) ■GDP pre Capita: US$ 1,265 (IMF) ■ODA Performance of Japan (tentative) ■GDP Growth: 8.5％ (Gov't of India) (1) Grant Aid: 48.0 billion yen (E/N basis) ■Inflation Rate: 10.4% (CPI) (2) Gov't Loan: 1.2 billion yen (E/N basis) 9.6% (WPI) (Gov't of India) (3) Technical Assistance:1.7 billion yen (JICA) Needs Survey on High Speed Railway Technology and Skills in India FINAL REPORT NEEDS SURVEY ON HIGH SPEED RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY AND SKILLS IN INDIA FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS STUDY LOCATION MAP ABBREVIATIONS Page 1. INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................1-1 1.1. Background of the Study...............................................................................................................1-1 1.2. Objective of the Study...................................................................................................................1-2 1.3. Study Area.....................................................................................................................................1-2 1.4. Study Approach.............................................................................................................................1-2 2. PRESENT STATUS OF HSR IN INDIA.....................................................................2-1 2.1. Government Policy on HSR Plans................................................................................................2-1 2.2. Japan’s Policy on Cooperation on HSR to India.........................................................................2-10 2.3. Foreign Interest in HSR Development in India .......................................................................2-14 3. TRENDS & FEATURES OF JAPANESE HSR TECHNOLOGY............................3-1 3.1. Concepts & Key Technologies of Japanese Shinkansen...............................................................3-1 3.2. Advantages of Shinkansen Systems..............................................................................................3-2 3.3. Current State of Railway Technology in India & the Need for HSR ............................................3-5 3.4. Selection Process for HSR Systems..............................................................................................3-9 3.5. Shinkansen Best Solution for Indian HSR....................................................................................3-9 4. EXPECTED BUDGET, FINANCIAL RESOURCES & FUNDING........................4-1 4.1. Overall Financial Situation & Funding Conditions ......................................................................4-1 4.2. PPP for HSR Projects....................................................................................................................4-2 4.3. Funding for HSR Projects and the Agenda for Success & Profitability........................................4-9 - i - 5. SUPPORT POLICY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF HSR IN INDIA ....................5-1 5.1. Methods for HSR Technology Transfer ........................................................................................5-1 5.2. JICA’s Assistance Policy...............................................................................................................5-2 5.3. JICA’s Roadmap for Implementing HSR in India.........................................................................5-5 6. OUTLINE OF STUDY TOUR IN JAPAN ..................................................................6-1 6.1. Outline of Study Tour....................................................................................................................6-1 6.2. Contents of Study Tour .................................................................................................................6-5 6.3. Meeting on HSR between Indian Experts & Japanese Companies.............................................6-14 6.4. Meeting on HSR between Indian Experts & Japanese Government Officials/JR East...............6-18 6.5. Effectiveness of Study Tour & Comments on Japan’s HSR Technology……………………...6-22 6.6. Overall Results of Study Tour.....................................................................................................6-25 7. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTANTATION....7-1 OF HSR IN INDIA 7.1. Conclusions...................................................................................................................................7-1 7.2. Recommendations.........................................................................................................................7-4 APPENDICES Appendix 1 List of Parties Concerned Appendix 2 Minutes of Meeting Appendix 3 Presentation Material of Study Tour in Japan - ii - Needs Survey on High Speed Railway Technology and Skills in India FINAL REPORT LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1-1 Schedule for First Field Survey ........................................................................................1-5 Table 1-2 Schedule for Second Field Survey....................................................................................1-6 Table 1-3 Schedule for Third Field Survey.......................................................................................1-7 Table 1-4 Schedule for Study Tour in Japan .....................................................................................1-8 Table 2-1 Comparison of HSR & Motorway Capacity.....................................................................2-1 Table 2-2 Outline of Indian Railways’ Vision 2020..........................................................................2-3 Table 2-3 Status of HSR Pre-Feasibility Studies...............................................................................2-4 Table 2-4 Major Objectives & Measures for Railway Sector (National Transportation)................2-12 Table 2-5 Examples of JICA’s Comprehensive Cooperation Scheme ............................................2-14 Table 3-1 Train Accidents on Indian Railways .................................................................................3-6 Table 3-2 Efficiency of Typical High-Speed Trains........................................................................3-12 Table 3-3 Predominance of Slab Track...........................................................................................3-21 Table 4-1 Types of Railway PPP Projects from a Procurement Perspective.....................................4-3 Table 4-2 PPP Implementation Issues & Measures at the F/S Stage.................................................4-8 Table 4-3 Types of Risks & Assignment of Burden..........................................................................4-8 Table 4-4 Examples of Measures to Improve HSR Profitability.....................................................4-10 Table 5-1 JICA’s Assistance Schemes...............................................................................................5-3 Table 6-1 List of Participants............................................................................................................6-1 Table 6-2 Schedule for Study Tour in Japan .....................................................................................6-3 - iii - LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 2-1 Urban Population in India .............................................................................................2-1 Figure 2-2 Status of HSR Pre-Feasibility Studies...........................................................................2-4 Figure 2-3 Locations of SIR, Industrial Area and SEZ in Gujarat..................................................2-5 Figure 2-4 Locations of Mumbai, Pune & Nagpur .........................................................................2-6 Figure 2-5 Location of Panvel ........................................................................................................2-6 Figure 2-6 Administrative