ORLD HEALTH & POPULATION www.worldhealthandpopulation.com • Volume 16 • Number 1 THEME The Global Health Workforce: Striving for Equity ISSUE Tackling Challenges on the Ground Health Workforce Measurement: Seeking Global Governance and National Accountability Improving Access to Care among Underserved Populations: The Role of Health Workforce Data in Health Workforce Policy, Planning and Practice Global Perspectives on Nursing and Its Contribution to Healthcare and Health Policy: Thoughts on an Emerging Policy Model A LONGWOODS PUBLICATION W ORLD HEALTH & POPULATION IN THIS ISSUE Volume 16 • Number 1 FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Judith Shamian 3 FROM THE GUEST EDITOR – Delivering on Equity Depends on Us Marilyn A. DeLuca 4 COMMENTARY – Time for a Copernican Revolution in Health Labour Markets Agnes Soucat 6 RESEARCH PAPERS Health Workforce Measurement: Seeking Global Governance and National Accountability Marilyn A. DeLuca and Sofia Castro Lopes 8 Global Health Service Partnership: First Year Findings Vanessa Kerry, Libby Cunningham, Pat Daoust and Sadath Sayeed 24 Improving Access to Care among Underserved Populations: The Role of Health Workforce Data in Health Workforce Policy, Planning and Practice Jennifer Wesson, Pamela McQuide, Claire Viadro, Maritza Titus, Norbert Forster, Daren Trudeau and Maureen Corbett 36 Health Human Resources: A Critical yet Challenging Pathway to Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia Rosalia Sciortino and Roy Tjong 51 Thai Health Promotion Foundation: Innovative Enabler for Health Promotion Sakol Sopitarchasak, Supreda Adulyanon and Tananart Lorthong 62 Findings from a Survey of an Uncategorized Cadre of Clinicians in 46 Countries Nadia Cobb, Marie Meckel, Jennifer Nyoni, Karen Mulitalo, Hoonani Cuadrado, Jeri Sumitani, Gerald Kayingo and David Fahringer 72 The Effect of the Conflict on Syria’s Health System and Human Resources for Health Aula Abbara, Karl Blanchet, Zaher Sahloul, Fouad Fouad, Adam Coutts and Wasim Maziak 87 REPRINT – Nursing Leadership. 27(4) No Global Health Without Human Resources For Health (HRH): The Nursing Lens Judith Shamian, Gail Tomblin Murphy, Annette Elliott Rose and Lianne Jeffs 96 W ORLD HEALTH & POPULATION Founded and edited by members of the Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. HOW TO REACH THE EDITORS AND PUBLISHER Lutchmie Narine, PhD Amir A. Khaliq, PhD, MBBS, MSHS, MSc. Telephone: 416-864-9667 Fax: 416-368-4443 Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, Associate Professor, Department of Health Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University Administration & Policy, Health Sciences Center, ADDRESSES College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma All mail should go to: Longwoods Publishing Corporation, EDITOR FOR INNOVATION Ambika Krishnakumar 260 Adelaide Street East, No. 8, Toronto, Ontario M5A David Zakus, PhD , PhD 1N1, Canada. Director of Global Health, Division of Community Associate Professor, College of Human Services and Health Professions, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY For deliveries to our studio: 54 Berkeley St., Suite 305, Engagement, Professor, Division of Preventive Medicine, Toronto, Ontario M5A 2W4, Canada Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Sandra G. Leggat, PhD Dentistry, University of Alberta School of Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, SUBSCRIPTIONS Victoria, Australia EDITOR EMERITUS Individual subscription rates for one year are [C] $64 for John E. Paul Lutchmie Narine, PhD online only. Institutional subscription rates are [C] $270 , PhD University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Associate Professor, Department of Public Health, for online only. Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University For subscriptions contact Barbara Marshall at telephone EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Bernardo Ramirez, MD 416-864-9667, ext. 100 or by e-mail at bmarshall@long- Peggy Leatt, PhD (Chair Editorial Advisory Board) Vice President, INTECH, Celebration, FL woods.com. Professor Emeritus, Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of North Carolina at Amal C. Sjaaf, MD, DrPH Subscriptions must be paid in advance. An additional Chapel Hill, NC Professor, Department of Health Policy and HST/GST is payable on all Canadian transactions. Administration, School of Public Health, Rates outside of Canada are in US dollars. Our HST/GST Sagar C. Jain, PhD University of Indonesia, number is R138513668. Founding Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Health and Jakarta, Indonesia Population in Developing Countries, Professor Emeritus, SUBSCRIBE ONLINE Department of Health Policy and Administration, School Abdul Sattar Yoosuf, DrPH Go to www.worldhealthandpopulation.com and click on of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Director, Sustainable Development and Healthy “Subscribe.” Hill, Chapel Hill, NC Environments, World Health Organization, South East Asian Regional Office (SEARO), New Delhi, India FREE ONLINE ACCESS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Karen B. Allen, MA, MSc, PhD David Zakus, BSc, MES, MSc, PhD The online version of the journal World Health & Population Regional Programme Planning Officer, UNICEF Eastern Director, Centre for International Health, Faculty of is available for free to individuals and organizations from and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO), Medicine, University of Toronto President, Global Health developing nations whose mission involves education Nairobi, Kenya Education Consortium, Toronto, ON and / or health. For more information and to see if your François Béland, PhD country is eligible go to http://www.longwoods.com/ Professeur titulaire, Faculté de Médecine, LONGWOODS PUBLISHING CORPORATION pages/developing-countries. Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC Peggy Leatt, BScN, MSHA, PhD Founding Editor-in-Chief EDITORIAL Margaret Bentley, PhD Associate Dean for Global Health, School of Public To submit material or talk to our editors please contact EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Ania Bogacka at 416-864-9667, ext. 108 or by e-mail Dianne Foster-Kent Chapel Hill, NC at [email protected]. Author guidelines are E-mail: [email protected] available online at http://www.longwoods.com/pages/ Adalsteinn Brown, DPhil wh-for-authors. Director, Institute of Health Policy, Management, and MANAGING EDITOR Evaluation and Dalla Lana Chair in Public Health Policy, Ania Bogacka ADVERTISING Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto E-mail: [email protected] For advertising rates and inquiries, please contact Matthew Hart at 416-864-9667, ext. 113 or by e-mail at Francois Champagne, PhD COPY EDITING [email protected]. Professeur titulaire, Administration de la santé et GRIS, Cenveo Publisher Services Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC PUBLISHING Wen Chen, PhD, MD PUBLISHER To discuss supplements or other publishing issues Professor of Health Economics, Associate Dean, School W. Anton Hart contact Rebecca Hart at 416-864-9667, ext. 114 or by of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China E-mail: [email protected] e-mail at [email protected]. Arun Chockalingam World Health & Population is published four times per year by , MS, PhD, FACC ASSOCIATE PUBLISHERS Longwoods Publishing Corp., 260 Adelaide St. East, No. 8, Toronto, Director, Office of Global Health, National Heart Lung Rebecca Hart ON M5A 1N1, Canada. Information contained in this publication has and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, E-mail: [email protected] been compiled from sources believed to be reliable. While every Bethesda, MD Susan Hale effort has been made to ensure accuracy and completeness, these are not guaranteed. The views and opinions expressed are those of Jean-Louis Denis, PhD E-mail: [email protected] the individual contributors and do not necessarily represent an offi- Professeur titulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Matthew Hart cial opinion of World Health & Population or Longwoods Publishing Montréal, Montreal, QC E-mail: [email protected] Corporation. Readers are urged to consult their professional advisers prior to acting on the basis of material in this journal. William H. Dow, PhD Associate Professor of Health Economics, University of ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER/ADMINISTRATION World Health & Population is indexed in the following: California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA Barbara Marshall CAB Abstracts, Global Health, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Ulrich’s (CSA), E-mail: [email protected] IndexCopernicus and Scopus, ProQuest, Ebsco Discovery Service Bruce J. Fried, PhD and is a partner of HINARI. Associate Professor and Chair, Global Health Committee, DESIGN AND PRODUCTION Department of Health Policy and Administration, Benedict Harris EDITOR IN CHIEF University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC Judith Shamian, RN, PhD E-mail: [email protected] President, International Council of Nurses, Daniel L. Goetz, MS Geneva, Switzerland Senior Public Administration Specialist, International Development Group, RTI International, Research Triangle No liability for this journal’s content shall be incurred ASSOCIATE EDITORS Park, NC by Longwoods Publishing Corporation, the editors, Farah Farahati, PhD the editorial advisory board or any contributors. Dean M. Harris, JD Labor & Health Economist, Bethesda, MD ISSN No. 1718-3340 Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Health Policy eISSN No. 1929-6541 Amir A. Khaliq, PhD, MBBS, MSHS, MSc. and Administration, University of North Carolina at Associate Professor, Department