INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION AIRPORT PERIMETER DIKE FEMA AND SEISMIC IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT Oakland International Airport Oakland, Alameda County, California Prepared for: PORT OF OAKLAND Prepared by: URS Corporation Americas September 2015 Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION AIRPORT PERIMETER DIKE FEMA AND SEISMIC IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT CONTENTS ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST FORM ..............................................................................................ECF-1 CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Purpose of this Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration ........................................... 1-1 1.2 Overview of the Proposed Project ................................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Document Organization ................................................................................................... 1-2 CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND BACKGROUND ............................................................. 2-1 2.1 Project Objective .............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Project Background .......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2.1 Description of Existing Airport ............................................................................. 2-1 2.2.2 Description of the Existing Perimeter Dike ......................................................... 2-4 2.2.3 FEMA Requirements ........................................................................................... 2-6 2.2.4 Response to Seismic Event ................................................................................ 2-7 2.2.5 Analysis of the Perimeter Dike Existing Conditions ............................................ 2-7 2.3 Existing Setting – Regional and Local ............................................................................. 2-7 2.4 Existing Setting – Project Site .......................................................................................... 2-8 2.5 Project Description ........................................................................................................... 2-8 2.5.1 100-Year Flood Protection .................................................................................. 2-8 2.5.2 Remediation of Seismic Deformations .............................................................. 2-14 2.5.3 Staging Area, Access Routes, and Disposal Site ............................................. 2-17 2.5.4 Construction Crew and Schedule ..................................................................... 2-17 2.6 Construction Best Management Practices ..................................................................... 2-19 2.7 Project Approvals and Permits ....................................................................................... 2-20 CHAPTER 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED ............................................ 3-1 I. AESTHETICS ................................................................................................................... 3-3 II. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY RESOURCES .......................................................... 3-5 III. AIR QUALITY ................................................................................................................... 3-7 IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ......................................................................................... 3-12 V. CULTURAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................ 3-30 VI. GEOLOGY AND SOILS ................................................................................................. 3-35 VII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ................................................................................ 3-39 VIII. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ................................................................ 3-41 IX. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY ......................................................................... 3-48 X. LAND USE AND PLANNING ......................................................................................... 3-56 XI. MINERAL RESOURCES ............................................................................................... 3-61 XII. NOISE ............................................................................................................................ 3-62 XIII. POPULATION AND HOUSING ..................................................................................... 3-68 R:\15 OAK DIKE\Public Draft IS_MND.docx i Oakland International Airport IS/MND Airport Perimeter Dike FEMA and Seismic Improvements Project Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration XIV. PUBLIC SERVICES ....................................................................................................... 3-69 XV. RECREATION ................................................................................................................ 3-71 XVI. TRANSPORTATION/Traffic ........................................................................................... 3-75 XVII. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ........................................................................... 3-80 XVIII. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE .............................................................. 3-83 CHAPTER 4.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 4-1 CHAPTER 5.0 LIST OF PREPARERS ...................................................................................................... 5-1 CHAPTER 6.0 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................... 6-1 LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1 Project Construction Average Daily Emissions Estimates ............................................... 3-9 Table 3-2 Special-Status Wildlife and Fish Species With Potential to Occur Within the Study Area ................................................................................................................................ 3-19 Table 3-3 Fault Seismicity .............................................................................................................. 3-36 Table 3-4 Construction-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimates ...................................... 3-40 Table 3-5 Oakland Maximum Allowable Receiving Noise Levels Standards (dBA) ...................... 3-64 Table 3-6 Predicted Construction Noise Levels at Commercial Receptors along Harbor Parkway ......................................................................................................................... 3-65 Table 3-7 Construction Equipment Vibration Levels at Nearby Sensitive Receptors .................... 3-66 Table 3-8 Annual Average Daily Traffic and Peak Hour Traffic (2012) on Freeways/Roadways Adjacent to Oakland International Airport ...................................................................... 3-77 Table 3-9 Past, Present, and Reasonably Foreseeable Cumulative Projects ............................... 3-84 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 Airport Location ................................................................................................................ 2-2 Figure 2-2 Project Area ..................................................................................................................... 2-3 Figure 2-3 Proposed Project .............................................................................................................. 2-5 Figure 2-4 Soil-Cement Block .......................................................................................................... 2-11 Figure 2-5 Seepage Cutoff Wall ...................................................................................................... 2-12 Figure 2-6 Drainage System ............................................................................................................ 2-13 Figure 2-7 Stability Berm ................................................................................................................. 2-15 Figure 2-8 Soil-Cement Shear Panel .............................................................................................. 2-16 Figure 2-9 Access Route and Staging Area .................................................................................... 2-18 Figure 3-1 Biological Study Area and Wetland and Upland Habitats .............................................. 3-15 Figure 3-2 Airport Drainage Areas .................................................................................................. 3-53 Figure 3-3 BCDC Jurisdiction and Recreational Resources ........................................................... 3-72 Figure 3-4 Public Access Area at West End of Perimeter Dike ...................................................... 3-73 R:\15 OAK DIKE\Public Draft IS_MND.docx ii Oakland International Airport IS/MND Airport Perimeter Dike FEMA and Seismic Improvements Project Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration APPENDICES Appendix A Air Emissions Modeling Results Appendix B Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program R:\15 OAK DIKE\Public Draft IS_MND.docx iii Oakland International Airport IS/MND Airport Perimeter Dike FEMA and Seismic Improvements Project Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration INITIAL