Bunting-DuBois | 12 Industrial Drive | DuBois, PA 15801 | Tel: 814.375.9145 | Fax: 814.375.9146 | Email: [email protected] An Introduction to Available Bunting-DuBois Literature and Resources by Veronica Zuccarello, Technical Copywriter 12 Industrial Drive | DuBois, PA 15801 800.437.8890 or 814.375.9145 | Fax: 814.375.9146 | Email: [email protected] | www.MagnetApplications.com An Introduction to Available Bunting-DuBois Literature and Resources At Bunting-DuBois, we are magnet experts. We have acquired invaluable experience over the decades we have spent working one-on-one with customers to provide them with unique magnetic solutions for their industries. As a way to make our extensive product knowledge more easily accessible to our customers, we have created multiple resources including an extensive magnet handbook, magnet glossary, and a guide to custom magnets and magnet- ic assemblies. These resources are highly valuable to customers in the many different in- dustries we serve, including the automotive, permanent motor, medical, aerospace, defense, magnetic sensor, industrial, and consumer industries. Bunting-DuBois possesses all necessary certifications and meets all compliance require- ments required for working on certain critical applications. Bunting-DuBois is ISO 9001:2015 certified, ITAR registered, and DFARS compliant. The company ensures that we have restrict- ed the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS), particularly lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Stock magnets from Bunting-DuBois meet or exceed the US Magnet Materials Association Stan- dards for physical quality and magnetic properties. All permanent magnet products are RoHS compliant. The literature that Bunting-DuBois offers is meant to act as a resource tool when customers are determining what magnet or magnetic assembly will be best suited for their applica- tion. During the design process, Bunting-DuBois’s expert engineers work one-on-one with customers to determine the design of the magnet or magnetic assembly, and are driven by multiple different factors that Bunting-DuBois reference material explains in extensive detail. This white paper will serve as a summary of the content covered in our reference materials. Magnetic Handbook and Glossary Bunting-DuBois offers a magnetic handbook and glos- sary meant to serve as a guide providing fundamental information regarding the basics of magnetic mate- rials, their properties, and methods of manufacturing these materials. This equips the reader with adequate knowledge that allows them to make the best choice when determining what type or grade of material should be used in various applications. The magnetic handbook and glossary begins by in- troducing the reader to the fundamentals of magnets. A magnet’s main purpose is to assist in the conver- sion of energy. This conversion can be mechanical to electrical, electrical to mechanical, and mechanical to mechanical. Devices utilizing magnets are often not only extremely important, such as PM motors for automobiles, but also exceptionally complex, such as magnetic sensors used in fighter jets. There are four major types of permanent magnet materials: neodymium iron boron mag- nets, samarium cobalt magnets, ceramic or hard ferrite magnets, and alnico magnets. There are also four major magnetic performance properties: residual induction, coercivity, energy product, and temperature stability. The magnetic handbook and glossary expand greatly upon these topics. The magnetic handbook and glossary provide comprehensive visual graphs detailing the unique properties of the four different magnet materials, with specific grades of each magnetic material detailed as well. The various properties of these magnetic materials are expanded upon in great detail, going over basic history of how these materials have been traditionally used and explaining the composition and common applications of each material. There is also an extensive magnetics terminology section that explains technical terms and common abbreviations. By providing an on-hand reference for this highly technical informa- tion, customers are equipped with a tool that allows them to better understand the nature of the material they are working with. Below is an example of one of the terms defined in the magnetics terminology section: Bi (or J) intrinsic induction: the contribution of magnetic material to the total magnetic induction, B. It is the vector difference between the magnetic induction in the material and the magnetic induction that would exist in a vacuum under the same field strength, H. This relation is expressed by the equation: Bi = B – H. There are many other valuable charts and graphs included in the magnetic handbook and glossary, such as hysteresis and demagnetization curves, magnetic material properties, neo- dymium magnet grades at various temperatures, and more. In addition to visual resources, the magnetic handbook and glossary also provides detailed written descriptions of the manufacturing process, factors that can cause adverse effects on magnetic performance, details about different available coatings, and other various technical details. The machining process and magnetization process are also explained in great detail. For the safety of customers, guidelines for handling magnets are provided as well. Finally, the handbook and glossary provides a visual and written reference explaining the process involved in testing magnets. Custom Magnets and Magnetic Assemblies Because Bunting-DuBois creates such a vast array of custom magnets and magnetic assemblies, we do not have a traditional “catalog” that lists standard product offerings. Instead, we have created a guide to custom magnets and magnetic assemblies that builds on the information included in the magnetic handbook and glossary. This brochure provides in-depth detail about our design process and answers many commonly asked customer questions. The Custom Magnets and Magnetic Assemblies brochure begins by summarizing the characteristics of the four main magnetic materials: ceramic, alnico, neodymium iron boron, and samarium cobalt. The brochure then explains how Bunting-DuBois uses advanced Finite Element Analysis (FEA) modeling pro- grams to analyze magnetic problems in order to arrive at more exact solutions, which can then be tested and fine-tuned against a prototype of the magnetic struc- tures. This allows many different variables to be calculated, and for results to be output in various forms. Bunting-DuBois utilizes a large suite of 2D and 3D FEA modeling packages backed up with in- house design software and a team highly experienced in magnetics as well as general engi- neering. This allows us to undertake a wide range of design programs across many different industries and including many different applications. There are many different design considerations involved when engineering the optimal cus- tom magnet or magnetic assembly. The Custom Magnets and Magnetic Assemblies bro- chure goes into great detail explaining considerations such as permanent magnet stability, time, temperature, reluctance changes, adverse fields, shock, stress, vibration, physical char- acteristics and machining of magnets, and various coatings that may be applied to magnetic material. Following the section on design considerations, the brochure then delves into assembly considerations. This section explains the factors and methods involved in various magnetic assemblies, including affixing magnets to housings, mechanical fastening, potting, weld- ing, the magnetization process, magnetizing fixtures/tooling, prototype magnetization, and pre-assembly/post assembly magnetization. Bunting-DuBois provides complete design, engineering, and consulting services. Some of our offerings include the ability to provide compression bonded magnets, injection molded magnets in intricate shapes with highly desirable properties, full inspection and certification capabilities, rapid prototyping to suit tight project timelines, and our ability to be a “one-stop shop” for magnetic assemblies and subassemblies. Bunting-DuBois | 12 Industrial Drive | DuBois, PA 15801 | Tel: 814.375.9145 | Fax: 814.375.9146 | Email: [email protected] The Custom Magnets and Magnetic Assemblies brochure also provides a highly detailed expla- nation of the magnetization process, with full-color pictures of equipment. The brochure also includes vivid, easy to read charts for 19 of our most frequently used types of magnetic materi- als. Magnetic Viewer In addition to the literature summarized above, we also offer our customers a magnetic viewer. This viewer is the size of a playing card, making it a convenient and portable reference tool. By placing the magnetic viewer over a magnetic object, the magnetic field’s location and direction will be made visible. We are happy to offer potential customers complementary magnetic viewers if they contact us requesting one. Bunting-DuBois: Empowering Our Customers with Magnetic Knowledge At Bunting-DuBois, we make it a priority to equip our customers with knowledge about the magnets and custom magnetic assemblies we are designing and supplying them with. It is not enough for us to simply “make a sale”—we seek to build ongoing relationships with our custom- ers and assist them in every way possible. To learn more about our process and request materi- als, please do not hesitate to reach out. If you are interested in receiving a free magnetic handbook, our custom magnets and magnetic assemblies brochure, or a magnetic viewer, contact us today. Bunting-DuBois 12 Industrial Drive | DuBois, PA 15801 800.437.8890 or 814.375.9145 | Fax: 814.375.9146 | Email: [email protected] | www.MagnetApplications.com.