TERRA Industrial Farming Complex Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Prepared for TERRA S.P.R.L Report Number 471947/ D01 Report Prepared by April 2014 SRK Consulting: 471947 TERRA ESIA Page i TERRA Industrial Farming Complex Environmental and Social Impact Assessment African Milling Company Congo S.P.R.L. 5457 Route Kinsevere, Lubumbashi, Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo SRK Consulting Congo S.P.R.L. NRC 01174 2056 Ave Lukonzolwa Quartier Golf Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of Congo e-mail: [email protected] website: www.srk.co.za Tel: +243 (0) 81 999 9775 Mobile: +243 (0) 81 870 1753 SRK Project Number 471947 April 2014 Report compiled by: Natasha Anamuthoo, Philippe Katuta Peer Reviewed by: and Susa Maleba Darryll Kilian Environmental Scientist Partner Vuyo Matshikiza and Andrew Hart Social Consultants Anam/Mals/Katp/Hara/Matv 471947_Terra Environmental and Social Assessment April 2014 SRK Consulting: 471947 TERRA ESIA Page ii Table of Contents Disclaimer ................................................................................................................................................... xii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... xiii 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background to project ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Geographical setting ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Project team ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1.5 Potential project lender organisations ................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Purpose of the report .......................................................................................................................... 4 2 Governance Framework ............................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 DRC regulatory framework ................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 Constitution ............................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.2 DRC Agricultural Law, LOI N° 11/022 of 24 December 2011 ................................................. 7 2.2.3 National Environmental Action Plan ........................................................................................ 8 2.2.4 Framework Law on the Environment ...................................................................................... 9 2.2.5 Agricultural project and land rights ........................................................................................ 10 2.2.6 The Environmental Protection Act (2012) ............................................................................. 10 2.2.7 Environmental legislation ...................................................................................................... 10 2.2.8 Land Tenure System ............................................................................................................. 11 2.2.9 Legal land right ...................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.10 International agreements and conventions ........................................................................... 14 2.3 TERRA’s Policy ................................................................................................................................. 15 2.3.1 Environmental Policy ............................................................................................................. 15 2.3.2 Community Policy .................................................................................................................. 15 2.4 International Standards and Guidelines ............................................................................................ 15 2.4.1 Equator principles .................................................................................................................. 15 2.4.2 International Finance Corporation Performance Standards .................................................. 16 2.4.3 Good International Practice tools .......................................................................................... 16 2.4.4 Environmental controls and applicable regulations/ guidelines ............................................ 17 2.4.5 IFC good practice note addressing grievances from project affected parties ....................... 19 2.4.6 International treaties and agreements ................................................................................... 19 2.4.7 Other benchmarks, guidelines and reference materials: voluntary principles on security and human rights .......................................................................................................................... 20 3 ESIA and ESMP Approach ......................................................................................... 24 3.1 ESIA and ESMP Objectives .............................................................................................................. 24 3.2 Overview of this study ....................................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Assessment process and methods ................................................................................................... 25 3.4 Categorization of the TERRA project ................................................................................................ 26 Anam/Mals/Katp/Hara/Matv 471947_Terra Environmental and Social Assessment April 2014 SRK Consulting: 471947 TERRA ESIA Page iii 3.5 Site surveys and specialist studies ................................................................................................... 28 3.6 Review of project related documentation .......................................................................................... 29 3.7 Assumptions and Limitations ............................................................................................................ 29 3.7.1 Assumptions .......................................................................................................................... 29 3.7.2 Specialists Assumptions........................................................................................................ 30 3.7.3 Limitations ............................................................................................................................. 31 3.7.4 Specialists Limitations ........................................................................................................... 31 3.8 Stakeholder engagement and disclosure ......................................................................................... 32 4 Project Description ..................................................................................................... 34 4.1 Motivation for the project ................................................................................................................... 34 4.2 Description of farms .......................................................................................................................... 34 4.3 Type of crops .................................................................................................................................... 37 4.4 Terra planned farming work .............................................................................................................. 38 4.5 Cultivation practices .......................................................................................................................... 39 4.5.1 Summary of the cultivation process ...................................................................................... 39 4.5.2 Maintenance .......................................................................................................................... 40 4.5.3 Watering ................................................................................................................................ 42 4.5.4 Harvesting ............................................................................................................................. 42 4.6 Transportation ................................................................................................................................... 43 4.7 Fertilizers and agrochemicals ........................................................................................................... 44 4.7.1 Hazardous materials and agrochemicals .............................................................................. 44 4.8 Equipments and machineries ............................................................................................................ 44 4.8.1 Earthworks and infrastructures ............................................................................................. 46 4.9