HISTORY OF TASMANIA. PRINTED AT THE LAUNCESTON EXAMINER” AND “TASMANIAN” OFFICE, LAUNCESTON, TASMANIA. 14 G 148 fjjP3a2)eZ'I* Pay 40 Snu-^Tt FLINDERS -140 Jh’snsn^cKJ^/ ArUuxrs Camerons Inlet »ZowI. HarwarooJ, (p* _ R . TASMANIA &T CZful «W*OX •$ ° ^ /- r 7, r-v J y,ons-dlzrtd. Eight,6"' JEmse.4/ !*- y...jiTn., BaxJger.I. long I. Scald IS miles to an uvcd ( CAPE BARREt .I . r-l)A Tlxrtrass 14 John-' > VniREE HUMMOCK I* A > ./CLARKE<(^UMrvrvtx ^^rf6X XV X 4 SpngShvey I* >/ • is\ands look.iob 0ctfiL:'{''^\ (JUirly. BANKS STRAIT Trefoil. <> ^^(robbins^x ITbriIcniKlf__ Tester. I. Westft\\JjaIf. 'Mbon.3 LigktILjase ** ry^yZasmT C Tor tLarvd, r w;'^SwanlX ftONTAOl Ssf-u#0’"'*' yWzLerhjmse.I. f7 \ 6^ RING A ROOM A yCHARMouj H \ Cabn,£ - SVatcrtwasePt / l — v(d l col I / A BAY / A '■lolaralurte W0(JLN0RTH ^ C (^rincarooma BfOGK // ,-v 'ifOY^ela. w: SV, _ '■.....C.Anl A: £ ,/ I?X l)ANDFJiS0NSf . yyoouRS^ Cree/ifr, rxO 4 SeUUvJ n cG-JX LAiSTONE Wart.lt ‘ ••. 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A^i^/NCBA7^ /?jylc.rredenchlJer<ry Clall 2% ^ TasmarCs T REFERENCE t CAMD£t\ . { V^- ! ■■ tVALPOU^ dp•DOVE) JhuraJ- ,,4 ADVENTURE RfSZYihcenl BAY DEL0RA1NL V&fujb* $%£ Towns sealed' and, jrartLculy so Ike ^ay^a^nsunfo^ro^XX^'■ , \y.spe/axicc0^ A > k L Ar« EBRINGTON Hnu#ypf7"~~g y. Toivn,' Reserves item Hallways constrastel and; beuuy constructed; ylbi Hallways -proposed' SoutJijjc/ZLgecrr.sc j_^~j y y \ AC.La.Te/ozise ft V^~P*4 >: ^ urrx^ '''*'7~ ■ c id .Hoad,9 y hjyl $ # -x™..,// S-TYCophCJ & f -’■'^syyyT.j y TEe priors Compiled; and drawn by County boundaries fl f yr .1 ^ \ RAMSGATE!cATclS l '?x i- ^ dLeverethmpe, Hall, 48ykmtz I^¥‘hfu%l , ntcogkeS' January 188Z. */ J)c y£csT-'°e°r X Capd-fSjff": Led male. T1 T STT.Cape SAEmstrme. 71. TccncitdaAogr'.y7ier Land:dep^trnc\zf HoharCTucmordn, 148 145 14G 147 A HISTORY OF TAS MANIA FROM ITS DISCOVERY IN 1642 TO THE PRESENT TIME. BY JAMES FENTON. WITH MAP OF THE ISLAND AND PORTRAITS OF ABORIGINES IN CHROMO-LITHOGRAPHY. Romania: HOBART—J. WALCH AND SONS. LAUNCESTON—WALCH BROTHERS AND BIRCHALL. Sydney, Melbourne, and Adelaide—GEO. ROBERTSON & Co., Limited. London—MACMILLAN & Co. 1884. [The right of translation and reproduction reserved.] PREFACE. Tasmania having of late years taken a more prominent place as a British Colony, it appeared to the writer desir­ able to colleCt and publish such records of her rise and progress as might prove interesting or valuable to her people, and especially to those who would serve their country in the sphere of politics. Thirty years have elapsed since Mr. West's valuable book was published. At that time the young Colony was bowed down under the burden of a penal system, which made it a land of sorrow, and threatened to shatter the social fabric which the early colonists had attempted to rear. The events which have subsequently occurred—the wonderful results which followed the discovery of gold in Australia; the abolition of Transportation; the establish­ ment of a liberal form of Representative Government; and the more recent Mineral discoveries—all of which have contributed so largely to the present prosperity of Tas­ mania—are for the first time recorded in a connected form in this volume. For much of the information concerning the earlier days of colonisation in Tasmania, the writer has to acknowledge his indebtedness to the late Mr. West’s History, and to the books of Mr. James Bonwick; from these he has freely quoted. Many other authorities relating to the earlier Vlll. PREFACE. hiscory have been consulted, and details of more recent events have been derived from files of the Hobart Mercury and Launceston Examiner newspapers, supplemented by the writer's own observation and re­ collections, extending over a period of fifty years. Many kind friends and old colonists have supplied in­ teresting faCts; and heads of Government departments have been prompt and courteous in giving information from official records, whenever it was required. Mr. A. Johnston, of the Launceston Mechanics' Institute, merits special thanks for the obligations he has conferred in giving access to books of reference. And last, but not least, the writer has to acknowledge the valuable assistance he has received from Mr. James Backhouse Walker, of Hobart, who has laboured most assiduously at the task of revising the manuscript for the press, and has contributed the list of books relating to Tasmania, and the notes on Bruny and Risdon, which appear in the Appendix. J- F. Brisbane Street, Launceston, May, 1884. ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE. MAP OF TASMANIA .............................To face Title JINNY, Native of Port Sorell ... ... ... 12 TIMMY, Native of the Eastern Coast ... ... 96 TRUGANINI, the last of the Aborigines (called Truggernana by Bock) ... ... ... 122 JACK, Native of Cape Grim ... ... ... 376 JAMES SMITH, Discoverer of the Mount Bischoff Tin Mines ... ... ... ... ... 387 Note.—Tlie portraits of Tasmanian aborigines were taken from life by the late Mr. Bock, for Lady Franklin, who permitted the artist to make copies for Henry Dowling1, Esq., in 1838. The Tasmanian Government, in whose possession the portraits now are, has kindly allowed selections to be engraved for this volume. Mr. Dowling says:—“From my personal acquaintance with the subjects themselves, during the years 1831-33, 1 can confidently speak to the faithfulness of the i>ortraiture.” CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAGE Tasman’s discovery—Prior discoveries in Australia—De Quiros, Torres, The Duyfhen, Dirk Hartog, Van Edels, Nuyts, Carpenter, Tasman—V. D. Land visited by Marion Du Fresne, Furneaux, Cook, Cox, Bligh, D'Entrecasteaux, Hayes, Bass, and Flinders — Discovery of Bass Straits — Baudin’s expedition — Aborigines ... ... ... ... i CHAPTER II. New South Wales occupied — Causes which led to that event —Van Diemen’s Land occupied—Lieutenant Bowen’s party— Collins at Port Phillip—Fawkner’s account — Buckley — Port Phillip abandoned — Fleet sailed for the Derwent — Collins Lieut.-Governor — The Tamar settlement — Settlers from Norfolk Island arrive—A threatened famine — Methods of agriculture—Convict regulations—Paper currency—Bligh’s deposition in N. S. Wales—He visits V. D. Land—First newspaper—Collision with the natives—Death of Collins— A&ing-Governors—Macquarie’s visit...................................... 24 CHAPTER III. Governor Davey — Progress of the colony — V. D. Land Gazette — Convi&s and bushrangers — Hobart Town Gazette permanently established by Andrew Bent — His difficulties — Foundation stone of first church laid — Captain Kelly’s dis­ coveries— His interview with natives — Davey s retirement — Population of colony.................... ... ... ............... 40 xii. CONTENTS. CHAPTER IV. PAGE Governor Sorell—State of colony—Early customs and morals —Bushrangers—Emigration—Land grants—Difficulties with convict outlaws and natives—First stock introduced—Wool— Agriculture—Van Diemen’s Land Bank established—Mac­ quarie’s second visit—Statistics — St. Davids Church conse­ crated— Rev. R. Knopwood—Wesleyans — Roman Catholics — Presbyterians — Education — Post Office department — Launceston— Rev.