pocunzirrRESUME .1H.161 723 SE .025187 1 AUTHOR Pages, Lou Williams; Page, Thornton TITLE ',Aliollo-Soyuz Pamphlet No. 7: Biology in Zero-G. Apollo-Soyuz Experiments In Space, INSTITUTION 'National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Waihington, D.C. 1 REPORT NO NASA-EP-139 1 PUB. DATE Oct 77 .. NOTE ' . 57p,; For related documents, see SE 025 181-189; Photographs liay not reproduCe well AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent bg Do6uments., U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (Stock No. i . '033-.800-00688-8;"AVailable in sets only - $10.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 BC=$3.56'plustaje. DESCRIPTORS *Biology; College.Scien4Migher Education;, *Instructional Material *earning Activities; Microbiolagi; Physical. Sciences; *Science. Education; , Secotdary Education;'1Secondary SchoOl Science; Space , ., ,Sciences;' *Supplementary Textbotiks '..', q IDENTIFIERS 'National Aerohautics and Space Admin tration ABSTRACT 4 This pamphlet is the "seventh:in.a,seri f nine discussing the Apollo-Soyuz mission and experiments. het is designed as a curriculum supplement for secondary and college teachers, Supervisors, curriculum specialists, textbook writers, and. the general public. These booklets provide,sources of ideas, examples of the scientific method, references to'standard textbooks, and descriptions of spac6-experiments. There are numeroUS diagrams, as . well as guestiOns for discussion (with answers) and' a 'glossary of terms. This booklet describes fish in zero-g, microbial grbwth in zero-g, separation of cells by electrophoiesiq, microbes at largein the spacecraft, and changes iastronaut immunity during spaceflight. 1 (MA) 1 .. , 7 *********************************************************************** I * rieprOductionS gUpplied,.py E6R-Siare the best that can be.liade ': *. , ..-' * . : '*. fromstheoriginal-docuient. 4**********************************************I*********,**************. " , ., Apolla-Soyuz , . ..U. DEPARTMENT OP HEALTH. EDUCATION I WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTIOP aniphlet No.T. , ; THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REpRp DuCED EXACTLY A flECEIVEDFOOM THE PERSON OR 0014 NRATJON ORIGIN. , AToNOT POINTS. OF VIEiN OA OPINIONS STATED bo NOT NE MARIO/ REPRE-: 'SENT OpiciAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF joi EDUCATION POSTON OR POLICY . ±.+14Ii c 14 tr. ,. At S. 0 2. Apollo- This is one of a series of nine Soyuz curriculum-related pamphlets Experiments for Teachers and Students In of Space Science Space Titles in this series of pamphlets include: Lin rH f'1, 1H-1 H l'H,'; "i. '\;, 1,1,;,11t r1 !) f' f',111;1)1, p rl 1;(,,\: i H 1.1 ,\;, di ',-; On The Cover i t_yn(i( Il Mt, I ,4 oyuz Pamphlet. Prepared 1-.); Lou Williams Page andtThnton Page, roni- Investigators' Reports of EXperimental Resultsd With, the Help, of AdVisingTeachers _:-c; National Aeronautiea arid Space Adrninistration Washington, D.C. 20546 October 1977 t.O!' I16i . For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Go/ernmegt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.-20402 (9-Part Set; Sdld in Sets Only) Stack/Ntimber 033-406100688-8 , / tv' I heApollo-Soyuz Test' Project (AST1')whiCh flew in July 1975,.. amused OOnsiderable publicAnterest; first, because the space rivali of, the late 1951:1'i V'n . nd1960's were:working-together in a joint endeavor, and second, because. Igen mutual efforts included developinga space,reseue system: The ASTP' alio included significant scientific 'eXperirnentS, the resultiof which Can be ... 4sed. in teaching biology, physics, and mathematics in schools and colleges: ... 1;!is series of pamphlets' discussing the Apollo-Soyuzinission and experi- nif is a set of curriculum supplements designed for teachers; supervisors, cutulum specialists, and textbook writer?)is well as for the general public NeO,. er textbooks nor courses .of study, these pamphlets are intended t proyide a rich source of ideas, examples of the scientific. method, pertine t,, ieferekices to standard textbooks,: and clear descriptions of space experimen s.:r , Inasenses,they may be regarded as. a pioneering form of teaching aidi-Seld m' hiS \.41ake been such a forthright effort, to provide, directly to 'teachers, ctimetditm-relevant reports of current scientific reSearch. High .sc tool '.- teachers* who reviewed the texts suggested that advanced stucie9tswiii are .. interested might be assigned to study one pamphlet and report on it, o the rest of the class. After class 'discussion,. students might be assigned (Wit out ,, acc.essio the pamphlet) one or more of the ' 'Questions f r DiscusgiOn' for formal Of,informal answers, thus stressing the apPlica ion of' what was' , 0, .s, Previously:covered in the pamphlets ' The abthbrs of these pamphlets are Dr. Lou Williams Page,a geologist, and Dr. Thornton Page, an astronomer. Both have taught ,icience at several, univerkes and have pUblished 14 books on science fot schoojs, colleges, and the genFral!reader, including a regent one on space Science. ,; Technica4 assistance to the Pages was provided, by the Apollo-Soyuz Progiam S lentiSt, Dr._ R. Thomas Giuli, .and. by Richard* R. Baltlwin, W. WilSon udetdale, and Susan N. Montgomery, menibers of the group at the NASAL nd n B. Johnson Space Center in Houston which' the scientists' partici ation in the ASTP and their reports of experimen- tal results.' ..i ISelected teachersfrom high schoolS andaaiversities throughout the United States reviewed the pamphlets in laraft form. They suggeyed changes' in wordingi the addition of. a glossary of terms unfamiliar fo students, and 1 improvernents indiagrams. klist of the teachersanofd the scientific inves- tigators who reviewed tpe teks for accuracy followthis Preface. This set of ApollO-Soyuyriamphiets was initiated and coordinated by Dr. Frederick. B. Tuttle, Director of EducatiOnal Programs, and was supported 814 'the NASA Apollo-Soyuz Prograin Office, by. Leland.1. Casey; Aerospace Engineer for. ASTP, and by William 'D. Nikon, EduCational Programs Officer, all of NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. Apprectatitt, is expressed to tbe scientiNinyestigators,i01, teacherwho reviewed the draft copiei;'140 thig; NAS',t,SPeciilisti who provided diagrams ?,and photographs; and .to J. N.7.klolcornh,, Headquarters*.ctiir of ASTP oPerations, and Ches(er-M7-be! FASTF_Prograth 'DirectO(af Iteadqu rs, ,whin ixthis educatiOnal,entavor"Made,this publication_pciss Teachers -4 And Scientific investigators ',Whit? Reviewed the Text Harolll L. POOL Oak Ridge.National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. Lynette Aey, Norwich Free Academy, Norwich, Contr. 4_, Vernon Bailey; NASA Lyndon' B.. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Stuart.Bowyer, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley,: Calif.. bill Wesley BroWn, California Stale University at Chico, Chico, Calif: Ronald J. BrunOtreighton Preparatory School, Omaha,,Nehr. , TF Bildinger,bniversity of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif. Robert F Collins, Western States ChirozrackCollege, POrtland, Oreg, B. Sue Criswell, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. T, M.Donate,University of. Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. David W : $ckert, Greater Latrobe Senior High Schobl, Latrobe, Pa. Lyle N. Edge, Blanco High School, BlancO,Tex, - Victor B. Eichler; Wichita State Uni'versity, Wichita kans. Farouk El-Baz,-,SMithsonian Institution, Washington, 11C. D. Jerome Fisher, Emeritus, Uniyersity of Chicago, Phoenix,Ariz. R. T, Giuli, NASA Lyndon'B. JohnspnpaCe Center; HouSton, Tex. M..D. Grossi, Smithsonian Astrophysical ObservatOry; Cambridge, Mass. - Wendy Hindin, North Shore Hebrew °Academy, Great Neck, N.Y. Tim C. ingoldsby, Westside High'School, Omaha; Nebr . Robert H:'Johns, Academy of the New Church, Bryn,Athyn, D. J. Larson, Jr., Grin-man Aerospace,18ethpage, N:Y. M. D. Lind,- Rock ell &Ace Center, Thousand Oaks,talif.' 'R. N. Little, Unirsity of Texas, Austin,Tex.. - Sarah Manly, Wade IlamPtdilt-ligh School, Greenville, S.C.' Katherine Mays, Bay City Independent Schdol Dlitr.ict, Bay City, Tex. Jane M. Oppenheimer, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr: Pa. T. J. Pepin, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. H. W.Scheldt Lyndon B: NtinSoa Space Center, Houston, Tex. Seth Shuinian, .Naval Research Laboratory, WashingtonD.C1 '''James,W. Skehan, Boston College, Weston, Mass. -11*, T. Slater, Jr., Texas Ed,uCation Agency,Austin, Tex. Robert S. Snyder NASA George. C.. Marshall Space Flight Center,Huntsville/Ala. Jacqueline Spears, port 'Jefferson High School, Port Jefferson Station, N.Y. b t,L. Siewart;:,Maiticellosiiigh School,.Monticello, N.Y., AlethgrStOne,moreJunior. High.School; Austin, Tex:. G.12,,'4411.1ylor-410SALyndon B.'Johnson Space Center;HOuston, Tex. 'Jacobi. TroArkka, NASA Robert H. Gciddard Space .Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. .2; F 0. 'VonbniffNASA Robert H. Goddard Space Fligtiedehter, preenbelt, Md. Douglas' Winkler, Wade Hampton High SChool, Greenville,S.C. Seciion 1 Introduction .... .. ................. , . - . ,Section i "UP" KO "DoWn" for Fish in Zero:g . _ A.Plan for the MA-161 Experiment, KillifishA7latching and /Orientation Br,Experiment IVf°A-161 on'Ap011o-Soycz -.... , , , ,C,.Postflight MA-161 Tets and Dissections 8. , D.QueStions for Discussion (Fish in Zeroig) , .1 '' ........ .10 Secjon Miarobial Growth in Zero-g; Change in E3iorhytnrn'.:..,.;.... A.. Zone-Forming Cultures.... .: ..... .... 11. B.ExperimentsMA-147 Resulls: Microbial GroWth'Rates'.. .1.4 17 C: Questions for.DiscuSsion (Fungi,. Spores) Section 4 Separation of Cells by Electrophoresis ti .19 A.Difficulties Caused by Gravity ' .20 B: Experiment MA-011, Electrophoresis Technology 22 G.Experiment MA-011 Results 22 D.Experiment MA-014, Free-FloW