LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE. anO papers; SESSION III. 1860-51. LIVERPOOL PRINTED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COUNCIL, FOB THE USE or THE MEMBERS. MDCCCLI. LIVERPOOL: PRINTED BY T. BHAKELL, COOK STREET. ADVEKTISEMENT. THE Council have to repeat the announcement made in the previous Volumes, that the Writers of Papers are alone responsible for the facts and opinions contained in their respective communications. DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER. riate I. Sword and Cross Bow . to face page 2 II. Numbered 1 26 III. 2 . 28 rv. Tobacco Pipes 81 V. Numbered 3 . 38 VI. 4 . 43 VII. 5 . 49 VIII. Engraved Token 54 IX. 60 X. 64 XI. 79 XII. 83 XIII. Tranmere Hall, Entrance, &e. 107 XIV. Ditto, Back View . 108 XV. Ditto, Great Hidl . 109 XVI. Ditto, Window, with Stained Glass 110 XVII. > XVIII. XIX. Devices on Window Panes to page 111 XX. XXI. , XXII. Boman and British Bemains to face page 120 XXIII. Ditto Ditto 122 XXIV. Mock Mayor 127 XXV. Costume . 130 NOTE RESPECTING THE PLATES. The Illustrations to the present volume have been executed at different times, and by different individuals ; some of them before the corresponding descriptions were written out, and others when the volume was nearly ready to be issued. For those numbered II, III, V, VI, VII, XI, XII, the Society are in­ debted to Mr. Pidgeon of London. As the first five of them were etched before any others, they were numbered consecutively. The doorway at Heysham (Plate II), was copied by consent, from a print, the drawing of which was by Mr. Edward Sharpe of Lancaster. Some of the Roman Vases from Hartford are deposited in the town Museum of Warrington; but as they were all exhibited at the Society during the previous session, they are all given in the illustration. The forms of the stone implements have been taken from those which are given in several well known books. For example, those marked G are given in Akerman's Archaeological Index, those marked H from Thorns' Worsaae, and L from Antiq. Celtiques. The modes of mounting are from various sources also. Thus 1 is like the occasional mounting of an Australian wamrah, and 6 like the point of a modem savage's spear; 2 exhibits a common mode of mounting rude instruments at the present hour, and 3, 4, 5, 7 are from Worsaae. No. 8 is the mounted celt from Cookstown, 9 and 10 are copied from illustrations in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (see page 43), 11 is well known in the islands of the Pacific, and 12, 13, 14, 15, 10, are from Antiq. Celtiques. The forms on Plate VII are all taken from the book of M. de Perthes, and may be regarded at once as illustrations of his mode of classification, and also of the curious evidences upon which his inferences are based. Plates I, IV, IX, X, were etched by Mr. Hammond ; by whom XXII and XXIII were lithographed. The drawings of IX, X and part of the etching of IX, were by Mr. Higgin a member of the Council. The objects given here are as follows: A, a looped palstab ; B, a small metal celt; C, a " Druid's egg"; D, a large palstab ; E and F, amulets; G, a horse shoe ; H, a dagger with brass hilt; I, an iron securis, with the blade obliquely placed. On Plate IV, Nos, I, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 are from the tobacco-pipes of Mr. Lamb. Nos. 12 and 13 have been copied from Wilson's Archaeology of Scotland; the former is of rod sandstone, and was found in the Pent- land Hills, the latter ia the common Dane's pipe well known in Ireland and Scotland. No. 14, is from Willis's Current Notes for April 1851; the stem is of bamboo, and the top of the bowl of brass. Tt was found in taking down an old inn at Fulham in 1830. Plate VIII was engraved for the Gentleman's Magazine in 1847. It was kindly lent on this occasion by Mr. Nichols, to illustrate the letter­ press of his own paper. Plates XIIT, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX, and XXI were presented to the Society by Mr. Mayer to illustrate his paper on Tranmere Old Hall. Plates XXIV and XXV were also presented by Mr. Mayer to illustrate his second paper at page 126. ERRATUM. Page 59. In tide of Paper, for " Tenth" Iter, read " Seventh.' TABLE OF CONTENTS. Summary of the Society's Operations, by Dr. Hume ........................... IflO PRIMEVAL OR PREHISTORIC PERIOD. On certain Implements of the Stone Period, by Dr. Humc. (Illustrated\) 32 BRITISH AND ROMAN PERIOD. Account of the Roman and British Remains found North and East of the River Wyre, by the Rev. Wm. Thornber. (Illustrated)......... llfl The Roman Roads of Lancashire; Part II. On the Seventh Iter of Richard of Cirenccstcr, by J. Just.......................................... 3 Notes on the Seventh Itcr of Richard of Cirencester, by John Robson ... 10 Additional Notes on the Seventh Iter, by T. Langton Birley ............... 65 Evidences of Roman Occupation in the Fylde District, by the Rev. Wm. Thoruber, B.A. (Illustrated) ............................................. 57 On the Cheshire Watling Street; and other Evidences of Roman Occu­ pation in Lancashire and Cheshire, by John Robson .................. 70 SAXON PERIOD (?) Notes on a Visit to Heysham, by John Robson. (Illustrated)............... 27 MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN PERIOD. Notes on the Use of the Clay Tobacco Pipe in England, by Andrew J. Lamb. (Illustrated) ......................................................... 29 On the Seal of Liverpool, by J. G. Nichols, F.S.A. (Illustrated) ......... 52 VI CONTENTS. ARCHITECTURE AND TOPOGRAPHY. On the Ancient Domestic Architecture of Lancashire and Cheshire, by Alfred Rimmer .................................................................. 14 Description of Lydiate Hall, by W. J. Roberts. (Illustrated)............... 78 The Old Halls of Cheshire. No. I. Tranmere Hall, by Joseph Mayer, F.S.A. (Illustrated) ......................................................... 107 GENEALOGY AND FAMILY HISTORY. Notes on Genealogy, by Sir William Betham, M.R.I.A......................... 77 MISCELLANEOUS. On the Nomenclature of the British Tribes, &c., by Dr. Bell ............... 85 Local Documents, illustrating the Old English Language in the 14th and 15th Centuries .................................................................. 105 Warrant, of date 1043, from Colonel Norris....................................... 115 Ancient Custom of Electing a Mock Mayor, at Nowcastle-under-Lyne, by Joseph Mayer, F.S.A. (Illustrated).. ..................................... 120 DONATIONS TO THE SOCIETY ......... 1 (Illustrated), 13, 25, 51, 68, 84,103, 112 CURIOSITIES, &o., EXHIBITED. 2 (Illustrated), 14 (Illustrated), 20 (Illustrated), 52, 00, 84, 104, 113. MEETINGS HELD ....................................... 1, 13, 25, 51, 08, 84, 103, 112 MEMBERS ENROLLED, Honorary ................................................ 51, 103 Ordinary.............................. 13, 25, 51, 68, 103, 112 INDEX....................................................................................... 137 LIST OF MEMBERS. SESSION 1850-51. The letters D. E. P. denote respectively that the gentlemen in connexion with whose names they occur, have been Donors, Exhibitors, or Authors of Papers during the three Sessions of the Society's existence. Fox, Rev. W. Darwin, Delamere Forest Rectory. Gray, William, Bolton. Marsh, John Finchett, Fairfield, Warrington. Ainslie, Montague, Grisedale, Milnthorpe, Westmoreland. Alexander, William L., 4, Mount Vernon Green, Liverpool. Andorson, Tliomas Francis, Holly Lodge, Fairfield, Liverpool. Anson, Very Rev. Frederick, D.D., Dean of Chester and Rector of Doddleston, The Deanery, Chester. Ansdell, Richard, 7, Victoria Road, Kensington, London. Astley, John, Rock Ferry, Cheshire. Aston, Walter, Chadderton Hall, near Manchester. Atkinson, Fenton Robinson, Oak House, Pendleton, Manchester. J).E. Avisos, THOMAS, F.S.A., Fulwood Park, Aigburth, and 16, Cook Street, Liverpool, TREASURER. Badnall, Rev. William, M.A., Wavertree. Bainbrigge, William H., F.R.C.S., 3, Islington, Square, Liverpool. Baines, Thomas, Times Office, Castle Street, Liverpool. Barclay, Rev. John, M.A., Chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford, Vicarage, Runcorn. Baylee, Rev. Joseph, M.A., Principal of St. Aidan's College, Bir- kenhead, The Woodlands, Woodside. P. Beamont, William, Warrington. Bell, Henry, Union Court, Castle Street, and Grosvenor Road, Claughton, Birkenhead. Bennett, Edward, Bedstone House, Bedstone, near Ludlow. Bennett, William, 69, Shaw Street, Liverpool. Bickersteth, Robert, F.R.C.S., 2, Rodney Street, Liverpool. Birch, Sir Thomas Bernard, Bart., M.P., The Hazels, Prescot. E. Birchall, Thomas, Ribbleton Hall, Preston. Bird, William, South Castle Street, and The Dell, Rock Park, Rock Ferry. Blackburne, John Ireland, The Hall, Hale. Blundell, Thomas Weld, Inee Blundell, Great Crosby. Bold, Thomas, Fair Lawn, Tue Brook, West Derby. Boult, Francis, Clifton Park, Birkenhead. Boult, Joseph, Harrington Chambers, and Grove Park, Lodge Lane, Liverpool. Brackley, the Viscount, M.P., Worsley Hall, Manchester. D.E. Bragge, William, Brook Street, Chester. Vlll HEMBEBS. Brakell, Thomas, 8, Cook Street, and 40, Kensington, Liverpool. D. Bridger, Charles, F.S.A., 8, Keppel Street, Russell Square, London. Brooke, Henry, The Grange, Northwich. D.E.P. Brooke, Richard, F.S.A., 16, Canning Street, and 14, Cook Street, Liverpool. Brooke, Richard, jun., Norton Priory, Runcorn. Brooks, John, 55, Great George's Street, Liverpool. D. BKOOKS, VENEIIABLE JONATHAN, M.A., Archdeacon of Liverpool, Everton Road, Liverpool, VICE-PRESIDENT. D. Brown, William, M.P., Richmond Hill, Liverpool, and Fenton's Hotel, London. Buckley, Robert, 22, Moss Street, Liverpool.