The Invention and Decline of Israeliness By: Gary Benedix and John Lipkin "The Yishuv as a Political-Cultural Identity" First Aliyah 1882 and the creation of the Yishuv British-Jewish alliance post World War I Settling- Cities Kibbutzim-2nd Aliyah Arab Labor "The Yishuv as Political-Cultural Identity" Zionists want mandate open for Jewish commonwealth but only "most suitable" should immigrate Continuation of biblical Israel Jewish symbolism, Hebrew, and status holidays "Israeli Nationalism" New Jewish-Israeli identity. Mapai ascended to power since 1933 after they took over Jewish Agency. After 1948, Jewish population increase while Arab population decreases Impact of the Holocaust "The Cultural and Political Anxiety Of The Yishuv Veterans" and "Building Hegemony" Labor/Mapai bureaucracy and statist demeanor Mapai penetration into social sector Evolution of roles in Jewish society development towns agriculture Sephardim/Mizrahim not part of Ashkenazi narrative Sephardi vs Ashkenazi Judaism Arab-Israelis left out Military was the center of a civil religion "Education and the First Mizrahi Rebellion" Three major educational streams General stream General Zionists, Farmers' Association, Secular Revisionist "Workers' Stream" Founded by Histadrut "National Religious" Non-Zionists schools also exist "Education and the First Mizrahi Rebellion" State funds to political parties' schools Political schools in immigrant areas Religious Mizrahim Riot-Yemenites Frumkin Committee 1949 Creation of the "Religious Workers' Stream" Parents should education children according to their beliefs Statist Education Law of 1953 partially regulated political schools "Education and the First Mizrahi Rebellion" Agudat Israel state funded private schools military exemption for Yeshiva students 1959 Mizrahim Riots discrimination over religious, culture, socioeconomic status 1971 Black Panthers movement in Jerusalem Emergence of Shas in the 1980s Yemenite Immigration Camp "The National Religious Revolution" Disputes between secular, religious, and ultra-orthodox Rabbinical rule over personal status issues and dietary law Ethno-religious identity instead of Israeli identity Rabbi Kook and Religious Zionism Idea of land of Israel, people of Israel, and Torah of Israel together "The National Religious Revolution" Israel as a regional power after 1967 War Expansion of land and larger Arab population Conflict in definition of Occupied territories between secular and religious Zionists annexation? expulsion? "Conclusion: Breaking the Hegemony" Decline of secular Ashkenazi hegemony States as basic function provider rather than as a uniform ideology. Israel Arabs not included in "Israeliness".