Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) ● Born in Canterbury, same year as Shakespeare ● Elizabethan dramatist, spy, brawler ● Stabbed to death before 30th birthday ● Theories: 1.argument over the bill at the inn 2. involvement in undercover political intrigue Sir Walter Raleigh ● Founder of Virginia ● Soldier, Explorer, Colonizer, Poet, Philosopher, and Historian ● Favorite of Queen Elizabeth in 1580s ● 1592-Had him imprisoned in the Tower of London for his secret marriage to one of her maids ● Won his way back into favor through military exploits and expeditions to South America. ● James I imprisons him until 1616 when he was released to make one last voyage and failed miserably. ● Executed on charges of treason The Nymph's Reply to the The Passionate Shepherd to His Shepherd Love by Sir Walter Raleigh by Christopher Marlowe 1600 1599 If all the world and love were Come live with me and be my young, And truth in every love, shepherd's tongue, These pretty pleasures might me And we will all the pleasures move prove To live with thee and be thy love. That valleys, groves, hills, and Time drives the flocks from field fields to fold, Woods or steepy mountain yields When rivers rage and rocks grow And we will sit upon the rocks, cold; Seeing the shepherds feed their And Philomel becometh dumb; flocks The rest complain of cares to By shallow rivers to whose falls come. Melodious birds sing madrigals. The flowers do fade, and wanton And I will make thee beds of fields roses To wayward winter reckoning And a thousand fragrant posies, yields; A cap of flower, and a kirtle A honey tongue, a heart of gall, Embroidered all with leaves of Is fancy's spring, but sorrow's myrtle; fall. A gown made of the finest wool Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of Which from our pretty lambs we roses, pull; Thy cap, thy kirtle, and thy Fair lined slippers for the cold posies, With buckles of the purest gold; Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten, A belt of straw and ivy buds, In folly ripe, in reason rotten. With coral clasps and amber studs; Thy belt of straw and ivy buds, And if these pleasures may thee Thy coral clasps and amber move, studs, Come live with me and be my All these in me no means can move love. To come to thee and be thy love. The shepherds' swains shall But could youth last and love still dance and sing breed, For thy delight each May Had joys no date nor age no morning: need, If these delights thy mind may Then these delights my mind move, might move Then live with me and be my To live with thee and be thy love. love. What does the shepherd in Marlowe's poem offer his love to make his world sound attractive and desirable? What things does he offer her that he cannot possibly provide? Does the promise of the final stanza add anything new to the promises made earlier? What assumption made by Marlowe's shepherd does Raleigh's nymph begin attacking? How does she follow up on this attack? How would you describe the nymph's view of life different from Marlowe's shepherd's view? Describe the change in attitude in the last stanza of the poem, and how it affects your evaluation of the nymph's reply..