OEIGINAL GLOSSARIES: ISLE OF WIGHT WOEDS. OXFOEDSHIEE WOEDS. CUMBEELAND WOEDS. NOETH LINCOLNSHIEE WOEDS. EADNOESHIEE WOEDS. SERIES C. ORIGINAL GLOSSARIES. XXIII. ISLE OF WIGHT WORDS; BY THE LATE MAJOR HENRY SMITH, R.M., AND C. ROACH SMITH. XXIV. OXFORDSHIRE WORDS (SUPPLEMENTARY); BY MRS. PARKER. XXV. CUMBERLAND WORDS (SECOND SUPPLEMENT) ; BY W. DICKINSON. XXVI. NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE WORDS; BY E. SUTTON. XXVII. RADNORSHIRE WORDS; BY THE REV. W. E. T. MORGAN. LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY, BY TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL. MDCCCLXXXI. CLAY AND TAYLOR, THE CHAUCER PRESS. INTRODUCTION. BY THE EEV. PEOEESSOE SKEAT, THE five Glossaries in the present volume have been thrown to- gether in rather a fortuitous manner, by the accident that they were offered to the ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY nearly at the same time. The original intention was to publish the MS. which is referred to in Halliwell's Dictionary (Preface, p. xx) in the following terms : " No printed glossary of Isle of Wight provincialisms has yet appeared; but a very valuable one in MS., compiled by Captain Henry Smith, was most kindly placed at my disposal by his relative, Charles Eoach Smith, Esq., E.S.A. It has been fully used in the following pages." This MS. collection Mr. Eoach Smith has now offered to the Society, and has added to this the favour of editing it himself, with all such corrections and additions as seemed to him to be most advisable. Mrs. Parker, who formerly contributed an Oxfordshire Glossary, " " marked C. 5 in our collection, has now added to the same a supplement considerably larger than the original Glossary. Mr. Dickinson has kindly sent a second supplement of Cumber- land Words, to complete his valuable collection. Mr. Sutton con- tributes some North Lincolnshire words, and the Eev. W. E. T. Morgan a small collection of words heard in Eadnorshire. I have glanced over the proof-sheets, in rather a hasty way, and have offered a few slight suggestions. After the Isle of Wight Glos- sary was already completed, it occurred to me that it would be an * vi INTRODUCTION. Mr. Parker undertook excellent thing to add an Index, which kindly " C. &c. were added to make. For this purpose, the numbsrs 24," facilitate reference. Unfortunately, the at the top of each page, to " Isle of number C. 23" could not then be added to the Wight I have to Whenever a com- Glossary, for which omission apologise. of all our Glossaries is these numbers will be prehensive Index made, take useful and I the of the Index will kindly highly ; hope compiler should be numbered to notice that the Original Glossaries according the following Scheme. C. Mid-Yorkshire ; 9, C. 1_7, as already marked; C. 8, (no. 14) C. C. Holderness 16) ; 11, Mauley and Corringham (no. 15) ; 10, (no. C. First Supplement (no. 24) ; Cumberland (no. 20) ; 12, Cumberland, taken or C. 13, Cornwall (no. 27), the two glossaries being together, 13e C. Antrim and Down distinguished as 13 and (i.e. East); 14, C. Leicester- C. Old Words (no. 30) ; 22, (no. 28) ; 1521, Farming shire C. 23 as here (no. 31) ; 27, printed. due to the con- The thanks of the English Dialect Society are tributors to the present volume. WALTER W. SKEAT. CONTBNIvS llossaries:- I. Isle of 5fi?ht floris by H. Smith and 0. Roach Sinitn Oxfordshire Words ,(suDplercentary) by Mrs. Parker. Cumberlandshire ftoris (2nd. Suppl.) by . Dickinson. iNort,h Lincolnshire ?fords oy . Button. Radnorshire Words by W.E.T. Morgan. II. *?esti Worcestershire fiords by Mrs. Chamberlain, with ^lossis notes by T. Hallam. III. Devonshire Plant Names by . friend. -tee! . !5iolO .* B- \tci * r cio* . 7C ' w . ytf oe:on clnsr a '.? . ^!C Vll CONTENTS. XXIII. Isle of HEight eHotbs; BY THE LATE MAJOR HENRY SMITH, E.M., AND C. EOACH SMITH ... ... 1 BY MRS. XXIV. xfarbshite SHorite (SUPPLEMENTARY) ; PARKER ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 65 BY W. XXV. (Eumbirlitui) $Borfc0 (SECOND SUPPLEMENT) ; DICKINSON ... ... ... ... ... ... 103 XXVI. Jlorth Uincolushive aUorbs; BY E. SUTTON ... Ill XXVII. Uatinorshive ovl)0; BY THE KEY. W. E. T. MORGAN ... ... 123 IX A GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN USE IN THE ISLE OF WIGHT, COMPILED BY THE LATE MAJOR HENRY SMITH, R.M., WITH ADDITIONS BY 0. ROACH SMITH. V XI PREFACE. THIS Glossary was compiled, some years ago, at my suggestion, by my brother, the late Major Henry Smith, R.M. Endowed with a retentive with a and reflective mind remarkably memory ; thoughtful ; in a farm-house I born to the his born ; might say, plough ; passing early years in the midst of farm-labourers, and engaged in the various of for the task and duties farm life, he possessed peculiar advantages ; he left but little for me to add. I have, however, exercised my discretion in another direction, and have omitted much in deriva- tions that was superfluous, while I have retained every word essential to assist in giving a full and proper notion of the dialect, and of the it is I have a few which pronunciation ; indeed, possible given might have been omitted. I had proposed extending the Glossary by adding remarks on the origin of the words; but the judicious advice of Professor Skeat recorded in the works of the Society, and my own matured judgment, induced me to retain the form of the Glossary as my brother left it, with a few exceptions. The members of the Society will not need to be told of the prevailing Saxon origin of the words, or of the Norman and Latin elements. I have resisted the temptation to admit some words on my own authority when I could not find that they in the Island for a were known ; instance, Sally-bed, Withy-bed, which, although used in the western part of the mainland of Hamp- shire, appears to be unknown in the Isle of Wight. But some words rapidly become obsolete in one place, while they survive in other ' ' localities. I give that of Thuckster entirely from Mrs. Moncrieff's poem. I cannot find that it is now used or even known. * Chissel ' Bob/ or Chessel Bob,' the woodlouse, was unknown not only to my but to if not else but brother, almost, entirely, everybody ; I well remember its use, and it is too purely Saxon and identical with the modern word to be lost sight of. Xli PREFACE. founded on Many years since I advanced an opinion, archaeological researches, that the successive invasions of Britain by distinct Germanic a certain confirmed nations or peoples, as stated by Bede, is, to extent, by evidence overlooked or not much attended to until our own time. I have pointed out how very different are the contents of the Saxon graves in different parts of the country. While there is a general family likeness, yet there is a marked diversity in details, such as might be expected in branches of one great and extensive family. For instance, the Angles are mentioned by Bede as the first-comers, who settled in the eastern parts of the Island. In the eastern find burial and also in the midland while counties we by cremation, ; in Kent and the Isle of Wight the inhumation of the body unburnt 1 was the almost unexceptional practice. The personal ornaments of the graves of the Isle of Wight and of Kent are remarkably similar, while they materially differ from those of cemeteries in the eastern, middle, and northern counties. Bede states that Kent and the Isle of Wight, with the land opposite, were peopled by the Jutes. I now submit that the dialect is a further confirmation of the correctness of Bede's history. I fail to find much difference in the pronunciation the of Kent and the Isle of but a between people Wight ; very great difference between these two and that of the people of Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk while to of the the dialect and and ; us, South, pronunciation of the people of Yorkshire is almost unintelligible. The dialect of Wiltshire approaches closely that of Hampshire, and so does Dorset- shire but Somersetshire is marked differences. ; by striking War- wickshire, as reflected in Shakespeare, has some remarkable points of to that of the Isle of but at I resemblance Wight ; present only draw the attention of members of the Society to the confirmation of our popular early Saxon history afforded by the ancient graves and the living dialect. I am indebted to Professor Skeat for kindly looking over the proof-sheets, and for several useful suggestions. C. K. S. May, 1881. 1 See Introd. to the Inmntorium Sepulchrale ; and Collectanea Antiqua, vol. vi. GLOSSARY OF ISLE OF WIGHT WORDS, broad and as ai thus aid A is usually pronounced long, ; aaid, ; ' etc. and often for ' of 'a a aaige, age ; aaigent, agent, ; ; as, lig mutton.' A ails, beards of barley, called barley aails. Aal amang, one among another. When different flocks of sheep ' or herds of cattle are mixed together, they are said to be aal amang one another.' ' sort. ' I zid of folks I Aal manners, every aal manners ; saw persons of every description. ' ' Aal to rags, all in pieces. Es cooat was tore aal to rags ; his coat was torn all in pieces. Accoordan, or Coordan, agreeably with. Acoolde, very cold. Addle, worthless, or corrupt : especially applied to a decayed egg. Adone, command to cease. * Adwine, to clear away, or cut down regularly. Goo into the J ground and cut the wheeat adwine right drow. Afeeard, afraid. Aftermath, the second crop of grass. ' 1 Agone, since : ten years agone. ' ' Agwine, going. Beest thee agwine ? Are you going ? Aleer, or Leer, unladen; empty.