Complimentary Contributor Copy Complimentary Contributor Copy ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES FLOODPLAINS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, RESTORATION AND ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Complimentary Contributor Copy ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES Additional books in this series can be found on Nova‘s website under the Series tab. Additional e-books in this series can be found on Nova‘s website under the e-book tab. Complimentary Contributor Copy ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ADVANCES FLOODPLAINS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, RESTORATION AND ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS ENNER HERENIO ALCÂNTARA, PH.D. EDITOR New York Complimentary Contributor Copy Copyright © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. For permission to use material from this book please contact us: Telephone 631-231-7269; Fax 631-231-8175 Web Site: http://www.novapublishers.com NOTICE TO THE READER The Publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this book, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained in this book. The Publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or in part, from the readers‘ use of, or reliance upon, this material. Any parts of this book based on government reports are so indicated and copyright is claimed for those parts to the extent applicable to compilations of such works. Independent verification should be sought for any data, advice or recommendations contained in this book. In addition, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from any methods, products, instructions, ideas or otherwise contained in this publication. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered herein. It is sold with the clear understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or any other professional services. If legal or any other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent person should be sought. FROM A DECLARATION OF PARTICIPANTS JOINTLY ADOPTED BY A COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION AND A COMMITTEE OF PUBLISHERS. Additional color graphics may be available in the e-book version of this book. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Floodplains : environmental management, restoration, and ecological implications / edtior, Enner Herenio Alcbntara (Department of Cartography, Sco Paulo State University--UNESP, Brazil). pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN: 978-1-62948-032-9 (eBook) 1. Floodplain management. I. Alcbntara, Enner Herenio de, editor of compilation. TC411.F57 2013 333.75--dc23 2013033671 Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York Complimentary Contributor Copy CONTENTS Preface vii Chapter 1 Mercury Speciation and Bioavailability in Floodplain Soils of East Fork Poplar Creek, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 1 Fengxiang X. Han, Yi Su and David L. Monts Chapter 2 Floodplains of Regulated Rivers: Plant-Soil Interactions in Changing Ecosystems 21 Takashi Asaeda and M. H. Rashid Chapter 3 Earthworm Communities as Indicators for Evaluating Floodplain Restoration Success 47 Renée-Claire Le Bayon, Géraldine Bullinger-Weber, Jean-Michel Gobat and Claire Guenat Chapter 4 Three Main Stages of Floodplain Evolution in Northern Eurasia and their Ecological Significance 69 Aleksey Sidorchuk, Olga Borisova, Aleksey Chernov and Andrey Panin Chapter 5 The Importance of Spatial and Local Environmental Factors to Structuring Phytoplankton Community in the Floodplain Lakes of Cuiabá River (Northern Pantanal, Brazil) 137 Simoni Maria Loverde-Oliveira, Simone Jaqueline Cardoso and Ibraim Fantin-Cruz Chapter 6 Survey-Based Influence of Storage and Release of Water from Floodplain Lakes on the Main River in the Sparse-Data Area of the Lower Amur, Russia 149 Vladimir V. Shamov Chapter 7 Hydrogenic Heavy Metals Pollution of Alluvial Soils in the City of Perm (the Middle Cis-Urals Region, Russia) 161 Yu. N. Vodyanitskii and A. T. Savichev Complimentary Contributor Copy vi Contents Chapter 8 The Role of Overbank Deposition in Floodplain Formation and Catastrophic Floods in Floodplain Destruction in South Eastern Australia 181 Wayne D. Erskine Chapter 9 Effect of Hydrodynamics on the Water Quality of Lakes and Reservoirs 211 Javier Vidal and Xavier Casamitjana Editor Contact Information 231 Index 233 Complimentary Contributor Copy PREFACE A floodplain is a flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream or river that experiences occasional flooding (naturally occurring process). Floodplains are of interest to most of people, because some of them live near rivers and floodplains; that are used historically for waste disposal, supply, power generation, transport and food. This book tries to show some relevant studies in floodplains and lakes in sorted themes, such as: mercury speciation and bioavailability, plant-soil interactions, indicators for evaluating floodplain restoration, floodplain formation, phytoplankton community, storage and release of water, hydrogenic heavy metals and hydrodynamics. It is separated into nine chapters. Chapter 1 - Mercury speciation and bioavailability in floodplain soils of east fork poplar creek, OAK Ridge, Tennessee, USA. This chapter summarizes the current status of mercury distribution, speciation and bioavailability to native Earthworms and plants in the floodplain soils of East Fork Poplar Creek after decades of US Department of Energy‘s remediation efforts. Chapter 2 - Floodplains of regulated rivers: plant-soil interactions in changing ecosystems. This chapter discuss about the patters and associated factors related to plant-soil interactions in regulated rivers' floodplain. Chapter 3 - Earthworm communities as indicators for evaluating floodplain restoration success. this chapter highlights biological and pedological features as indicator tools to evaluate the success of floodplain restoration, focusing on earthworm communities that are assumed to increase in terms of diversity, typicity and evolution along a gradient of naturality from the embanked system to the near-natural reference. Chapter 4 - Three main stages of floodplain evolution in northern Eurasia and their ecological significance. This chapter discuss about floodplain formation by the rivers larger than modern ones, floodplain formation by the rivers smaller than modern ones, and floodplain formation by the rivers of the modern morphological type. Chapter 5 - The importance of spatial and local environmental factors to structuring phytoplankton community in floodplain lakes of Cuiabá River (Northern Pantanal, Brazil). This chapter aimed to evaluate the effects of spatial and local environmental factors structuring the phytoplankton abundance and species diversity in nine lakes along the Cuiaba River, Northern Pantanal, Mato Grosso, during high waters and low waters. Chapter 6 - Survey-based influence of storage and release of water from floodplain lakes on the main river in sparse-data area, The Lower Amur, Russia. This chapter shows how to Complimentary Contributor Copy viii Enner Herenio Alcântara use hydrometrical data to study the interrelation between water level dynamics and the water pathway in floodplains. Chapter 7 - Hydrogenic heavy metals pollution of alluvial soils in the city of Perm (The middle cisurals region, Russia). This chapter discuss about the metals pollutions and their consequences. Chapter 8 - The role of overbank deposition in floodplain formation and catastrophic floods in floodplain destruction in south eastern Australia. This chapter discuss about the geomorphic and sedimentologic variability in the floodplains. Finally, the Chapter 9 - Effect of hydrodynamics of the water quality of lakes and reservoirs. The aim of this chapter is to show how different hydrodynamic processes which have their origin in the interaction of meteorological variables (wind and solar radiation) with a stratified water body of a lake determine the circulation patterns of the water and can significantly influence its quality. Enner Herenio Alcântara, Ph.D. Editor Complimentary Contributor Copy In: Floodplains ISBN: 978-1-62808-998-1 Editor: Enner Herenio Alcântara © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 1 MERCURY SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY IN FLOODPLAIN SOILS OF EAST FORK POPLAR CREEK, OAK RIDGE, TENNESSEE, USA Fengxiang X. Han1, Yi Su2 and David L. Monts3 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, US 2Institute for Clean