Ecodesign Directive version 2.0 From Energy Efficiency to Resource Efficiency Environmental project No. 1635, 2015 Titel: Redaktion: Ecodesign Directive version 2.0 Anja Marie Bundgaard Arne Remmen Kristina Overgaard Zacho Udgiver: Miljøstyrelsen Strandgade 29 1401 København K www.mst.dk År: ISBN nr. 2015 978-87-93283-56-5 Ansvarsfraskrivelse: Miljøstyrelsen vil, når lejligheden gives, offentliggøre rapporter og indlæg vedrørende forsknings- og udviklingsprojekter inden for miljøsektoren, finansieret af Miljøstyrelsens undersøgelsesbevilling. Det skal bemærkes, at en sådan offentliggørelse ikke nødvendigvis betyder, at det pågældende indlæg giver udtryk for Miljøstyrelsens synspunkter. Offentliggørelsen betyder imidlertid, at Miljøstyrelsen finder, at indholdet udgør et væsentligt indlæg i debatten omkring den danske miljøpolitik. Må citeres med kildeangivelse. 2 Ecodesign Directive version 2.0 – From Energy Efficiency to Resource Efficiency Tabel of Content Foreword ....................................................................................................................... 7 Konklusion og sammenfatning ..................................................................................... 9 Summary and Conclusion ............................................................................................ 11 1. Introduction ..........................................................................................................13 1.1 A Resource Efficient Europe................................................................................................. 13 1.2 The objectives of this study .................................................................................................. 14 1.3 Definition of resource efficiency .......................................................................................... 14 2. Methodological Framework .................................................................................. 17 3. The Ecodesign Directive and Resource efficiency ................................................ 19 3.1 The Ecodesign Directive ....................................................................................................... 19 3.1.1 The process of setting the generic and specific requirements ............................... 20 3.2 Current Projects on Resource Efficiency under the Ecodesign Directive .......................... 22 3.2.1 The work by Joint Research Centre on the Implementation of Resource Efficiency in the Ecodesign Directive ................................................................... 22 3.2.2 Material-efficiency Ecodesign Report and Module to the Methodology for the Ecodesign of Energy-related products (MEErP) ........................................... 23 4. Review of Resource Efficiency Requirements in the Implementing Measures and the Voluntary Agreements ............................................................ 25 4.1 Requirements Targeting Resource Efficiency in the Implementing Measures and the Voluntary Agreements ................................................................................................... 28 4.1.1 Information requirements targeting resource efficiency ....................................... 28 4.1.2 Specific Requirements Targeting Resource Efficiency .......................................... 29 4.2 Sub-conclusions ................................................................................................................... 30 5. Case Study of Imaging Equipment and Vacuum Cleaners .................................... 33 5.1 Voluntary Agreement for Imaging Equipment ................................................................... 33 5.1.1 The process of setting the requirements................................................................. 34 5.1.2 What made it possible to set the resource efficiency requirements? .....................35 5.2 Implementing Measure for Vacuum Cleaner ..................................................................... 36 5.2.1 The process of setting the requirements: ................................................................37 5.2.2 What made it possible to include the durability requirements for vacuum cleaners? ................................................................................................................ 40 5.3 Sub-conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 40 6. Barriers and Drivers for the Resource Efficiency Agenda under the Ecodesign Directive.............................................................................................. 43 6.1 Drivers .................................................................................................................................. 43 6.1.1 On the political agenda............................................................................................ 43 6.1.2 Resource efficiency is within the scope of the Ecodesign Directive ...................... 43 6.1.3 Pressure from the stakeholders and technical documentation ............................. 44 6.2 Barriers ................................................................................................................................. 44 6.2.1 The Institutionalisation of the Ecodesign Directive .............................................. 44 6.2.2 Measurement standards and approaches and market surveillance ..................... 44 Ecodesign Directive version 2.0 – From Energy Efficiency to Resource Efficiency 3 6.2.3 The costs and benefits for the consumers ............................................................. 45 6.2.4 The role of industry ................................................................................................ 45 6.3 Sub-conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 45 7. Criteria for Resource Efficiency in the Nordic Ecolabel, EU Ecolabel, EU Green Public Procurement and EPEAT ................................................................ 47 7.1 Resource Efficiency Criteria in the Nordic Ecolabel, the EU Ecolabel, EU Green Public Procurement and EPEAT and the Transferability of these Requirements to the Ecodesign Directive ....................................................................................................... 48 7.1.1 Declaration and Threshold of Reusability, Recyclability and Recoverability ratio ........................................................................................................................ 49 7.1.2 Disassembly ............................................................................................................. 50 7.1.3 Declaration and Threshold of Recycled Content ................................................... 50 7.1.4 Hazardous Substances ............................................................................................. 51 7.1.5 Bill of Materials ....................................................................................................... 52 7.1.6 Identification of Plastic Components ..................................................................... 52 7.1.7 Contamination of Materials .....................................................................................53 7.1.8 Mono-Materials ........................................................................................................53 7.1.9 Sustainable Sourcing of Wood .................................................................................53 7.1.10 Efficient Use of Materials During the Use Phase ................................................. 54 7.1.11 Durability................................................................................................................ 54 7.1.12 Waste from Manufacturing ....................................................................................55 7.1.13 Take-Back Schemes ............................................................................................... 56 7.1.14 Packaging ............................................................................................................... 56 7.1.15 Information Requirements Related to Resource Efficiency ................................ 56 7.2 Sub conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 57 8. Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 60 APPENDIX 1: REVIEW OF JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE’S WORK ON RESOURCE EFFICIENCY IN THE ECODESIGN DIRECTIVE ................................................................................. 62 8.1 Deliverable 1: Review of resource efficiency and end-of-life requirements ...................... 62 8.1.1 Survey of the current legislation ............................................................................. 62 8.1.2 The Directive on the End-of Life Vehicles (ELV) and the related legislation....... 62 8.1.3 Recyclability, reusability and recoverability (RRR) .............................................. 68 8.1.4 Recycled content of products ................................................................................. 68 8.1.5 Limitation of the use of priority resources............................................................. 69 8.1.6 Hazardous substances ............................................................................................ 70 8.2 Deliverable 2: In-depth analysis