ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ILLINOIS 13/127 (F.A.P. 42) MURPHYSBORO TO PINCKNEYVILLE JACKSON AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS VOLUME I (DOCUMENTATION & APPENDICES) Illinois Department of Transportation Division of Highways/District 9 September 2007 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Illinois 13/127 (F.A.P. 42) Murphysboro to Pinckneyville Jackson and Perry Counties, Illinois TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I 1.0 PURPOSE OF AND NEED FOR ACTION 1.1 Purpose of Proposed Project.................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 History and Legislation ........................................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Project Location and Description............................................................................ 1-2 1.4 Need for Proposed Project....................................................................................... 1-2 1.4.1 System Continuity and Regional Access ................................................. 1-2 1.4.2 Existing Roadway Deficiencies ............................................................... 1-3 1.4.3 Traffic Safety ........................................................................................... 1-3 1.4.4 Traffic Flow and Capacity Deficiencies .................................................. 1-4 1.4.5 Regional Planning and Economic Development ..................................... 1-5 2.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 2.1 Social/Economic...................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Demographics .......................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Land Use .................................................................................................. 2-8 2.1.3 Public Facilities and Services .................................................................. 2-8 2.1.4 Pedestrian/Bicycle/Transit Facilities ..................................................... 2-12 2.1.5 Pinckneyville-Du Quoin Airport............................................................ 2-13 2.2 Agriculture............................................................................................................. 2-13 2.3 Cultural Resources ................................................................................................ 2-14 2.3.1 Historic Resources ................................................................................. 2-14 2.3.2 Archaeological Resources...................................................................... 2-15 2.4 Air Quality............................................................................................................. 2-15 2.5 Noise...................................................................................................................... 2-15 2.6 Natural Resources.................................................................................................. 2-15 2.6.1 Geology.................................................................................................. 2-16 2.6.2 Threatened and Endangered Species ..................................................... 2-17 2.6.3 Nature Preserves .................................................................................... 2-18 2.6.4 Natural Areas ......................................................................................... 2-18 2.6.5 Plant Communities and Wildlife Habitat............................................... 2-18 2.7 Water Resources and Water Quality ..................................................................... 2-20 2.7.1 Water Resources .................................................................................... 2-21 2.7.2 Water Quality......................................................................................... 2-22 2.7.3 Groundwater Resources......................................................................... 2-23 2.8 Floodplains ............................................................................................................ 2-24 Illinois 13/127 – Murphysboro to Pinckneyville i 2.9 Wetlands................................................................................................................ 2-24 2.10 Special Waste ........................................................................................................ 2-26 2.10.1 Hazardous Waste ................................................................................... 2-26 2.10.2 Non-Hazardous Waste ........................................................................... 2-26 2.11 Special Lands ........................................................................................................ 2-26 2.11.1 Section 4(f) Lands.................................................................................. 2-26 2.11.2 Section 6(f) Lands.................................................................................. 2-27 2.11.3 OSLAD Act Lands................................................................................. 2-27 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 3.1 No-Action Alternative............................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Build Alternative ..................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 Build Alternates Evaluated and Eliminated ............................................................ 3-2 3.3.1 Preliminary Rural Area Alternates Eliminated........................................ 3-2 3.3.2 Rural Alternates Dismissed after Further Study ...................................... 3-4 3.3.3 Preliminary Pinckneyville Area Alternates Eliminated........................... 3-6 3.3.4 Pinckneyville Area Alternates Dismissed after Further Study ................ 3-8 3.4 Pinckneyville-Du Quoin Airport Alternatives ...................................................... 3-11 3.4.1 Airfield Alternatives Evaluated and Eliminated.................................... 3-11 3.4.2 Terminal Area Alternatives Evaluated and Eliminated ......................... 3-12 3.5 Preferred Alternative ............................................................................................. 3-13 3.5.1 Rural Area.............................................................................................. 3-14 3.5.2 Pinckneyville Area................................................................................. 3-15 3.5.3 Pinckneyville-Du Quoin Airport............................................................ 3-16 3.5.3.1 Airfield....................................................................................... 3-16 3.5.3.2 Terminal Area ............................................................................ 3-17 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES 4.1 Social/Economic...................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Community Characteristics and Cohesion............................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Title VI and Environmental Justice ......................................................... 4-3 4.1.3 Public Facilities and Services .................................................................. 4-3 4.1.4 Pinckneyville-Du Quoin Airport.............................................................. 4-4 4.1.5 Changes in Travel Patterns ...................................................................... 4-9 4.1.6 Relocations (Business, Residential and Agricultural) and Right-of-Way Acquisition............................................................... 4-11 4.1.7 Economics.............................................................................................. 4-14 4.1.8 Land Use ................................................................................................ 4-16 4.1.9 Growth and Economic Development..................................................... 4-16 4.2 Agriculture............................................................................................................. 4-19 4.3 Cultural Resources ................................................................................................ 4-21 4.3.1 Historic Resources ................................................................................. 4-21 4.3.2 Archaeological Resources...................................................................... 4-21 4.4 Air Quality............................................................................................................. 4-22 4.4.1 Eight-Hour Carbon Monoxide Concentrations...................................... 4-22 4.4.2 One-Hour Carbon Monoxide Concentrations........................................ 4-22 Illinois 13/127 – Murphysboro to Pinckneyville ii 4.4.3 Conformity............................................................................................. 4-23 4.4.4 Construction-Related Particulate Matter................................................ 4-23 4.4.5 Mobile Source Air Toxics...................................................................... 4-23 4.5 Noise...................................................................................................................... 4-28 4.5.1 Methodology.......................................................................................... 4-28 4.5.2 Noise Receptors ..................................................................................... 4-29 4.5.3 Noise Analysis Results .......................................................................... 4-34 4.5.4 Noise Abatement...................................................................................