2/20161 Science & Technology Studies ISSN 2243-4690 Co-ordinating editor Salla Sariola (University of Oxford, UK; University of Turku, Finland) Editors Torben Elgaard Jensen (Aalborg University at Copenhagen, Denmark) Sampsa Hyysalo (Aalto University, Finland) Jörg Niewöhner (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany) Franc Mali (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) Martina Merz (Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Austria) Antti Silvast (University of Edinburgh, UK) Estrid Sørensen (Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Germany) Helen Verran (University of Melbourne, Australia) Brit Ross Winthereik (IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark) Assistant editor Louna Hakkarainen (Aalto University, Finland) Editorial board Nik Brown (University of York, UK) Miquel Domenech (Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain) Aant Elzinga (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) Steve Fuller (University of Warwick, UK) Marja Häyrinen-Alastalo (University of Helsinki, Finland) Merle Jacob (Lund University, Sweden) Jaime Jiménez (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico) Julie Thompson Klein (Wayne State University, USA) Tarja Knuuttila (University of South Carolina, USA) Shantha Liyange (University of Technology Sydney, Australia) Roy MacLeod (University of Sydney, Australia) Reijo Miettinen (University of Helsinki, Finland) Mika Nieminen (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland) Ismael Rafols (Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain) Arie Rip (University of Twente, The Netherlands) Nils Roll-Hansen (University of Oslo, Norway) Czarina Saloma-Akpedonu (Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines) Londa Schiebinger (Stanford University, USA) Matti Sintonen (University of Helsinki, Finland) Fred Stewart (Westminster University, United Kingdom) Juha Tuunainen (University of Oulu, Finland) Dominique Vinck (University of Lausanne, Switzerland) Robin Williams (University of Edinburgh, UK) Teun Zuiderent-Jerak (Linkoping University, Sweden) Subscriptions Subscriptions and enquiries about back issues should be addressed to: Jukka Syväterä Pinni B 3002 33014 University of Tampere Finland email: [email protected] Subscription rates for 2014 are € 30 for individual subscribers and € 60 for institutions. Rates include overseas postage. Copyright Copyright holders of material published in this journal are the respective contributors and the Finnish Society for Science and Technology Studies. For permission to reproduce material from Science Studies, apply to the assistant editor. Science & Technology Studies Volume 29, Issue 2, 2016 Guest editorial Helena Karasti, Florence Millerand, Christine M. Hine & Geoff rey C. Bowker Knowledge infrastructures: Part II ................................................................................................................ 2 Articles Masato Fukushima Value Oscillation in Knowledge Infrastructure: Observing its Dynamic in Japan’s Drug Discovery Pipeline ...............................................................7 Kirk Jalbert Building Knowledge Infrastructures for Empowerment: A Study of Grassroots Water Monitoring Networks in the Marcellus Shale ................................26 Éric Dagiral & Ashveen Peerbaye Making Knowledge in Boundary Infrastructures: Inside and Beyond a Database for Rare Diseases ................................................................................ 44 Discussion paper Kalpana Shankar, Kristin R. Eschenfelder, & Greg Downey Studying the History of Social Science Data Archives as Knowledge Infrastructure ...............62 Book reviews Steven D. Brown Joe Deville, Michael Guggenheim, & Zuzana Hrdličková (eds) (forthcoming, 2016) Practicing Comparison: Logics, Relations, Collaborations. ................................................................74 Benjamin Alberti John Law & Evelyn Ruppert (eds) (forthcoming, 2016) Modes of Knowing: Resources from the Baroque.. ......................................................................................................................77 Josefi ne Raasch Vicki MacKnight (forthcoming, 2016) Imagining Classrooms: Stories of children, teaching and ethnography... ..................................................................................80 Gay Hawkins Franck Cochoy (forthcoming, 2016) On Curiosity: The Art of Market Seduction.. .....................83 Visit our web-site at www.sciencetechnologystudies.org Guest editorial Science & Technology Studies 29(2) Knowledge Infrastructures: Part II Helena Karasti Department of People and Technology, Roskilde University, Denmark / [email protected] Information Systems, Luleå University of Technology, Sweden / [email protected] INTERACT, University of Oulu, Finland / [email protected] Florence Millerand Department of Public and Social Communication, University of Quebec at Montreal, Canada / millerand.fl [email protected] Christine M. Hine Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, UK / [email protected] Geoff rey C. Bowker Department of Informatics, University of Irvine, CA, USA / [email protected] The papers presented here were submitted in the envisaged special issue will, in fact, extend response to a call for papers that sought to draw across multiple issues of which this is the second. together the current state of understanding of In the previous issue of Science & Technology knowledge infrastructures from the viewpoint Studies, we presented an initial batch of three of STS and to provide a basis from which to substantively very diff erent studies: Wyatt et al. evaluate the distinctive contribution that the (2016) explored the treatment of controversy theoretical resources of STS were making within within the production of the Wikipedia entry this territory. That call for papers produced a high relating to schizophrenia genetics; Parmiggiani level of response, providing a clear indication and Monteiro (2016) examined the production of that STS scholars are indeed taking knowledge infrastructures relating to the monitoring of envi- infrastructures seriously, and that the study of ronmental risk in off shore oil and gas operations; infrastructures is providing fruitful ground for and Boyce (2016) analysed the work of connecting developing insights into STS’s core concerns with infrastructures for public health surveillance. interrogating the complex, emergent sociotech- Despite the diff ering substantive foci we were nical systems that pervade the contemporary able to draw out some signifi cant cross-cutting world. The initial call for papers produced more themes. The issue of scale received considerable successful submissions than could be accommo- attention, as the papers each explored what were dated in a single issue of the journal, and hence on the face of it large scale infrastructures but 2 Karasti et al. were sustained by contingent connections forged These emergent themes of scale, invisibility, across macro-level visions of possible outcomes tension, uncertainty and accountability continue and diverse forms of micro-level work developing to resonate across the four pieces presented in technologies, connecting systems, generating this second instalment of the special issue on content, overcoming obstacles and managing knowledge infrastructures. In the rest of this breakdowns. Our editorial (Karasti et al., 2016) editorial we will introduce the pieces and then took a refl exive turn, considering the signifi cance draw together, briefly at this point, additional of the methodological choices that underpinned themes that emerge at this stage. In a future these studies of infrastructures and the intransi- editorial we will step back to review these themes gence of some aspects of infrastructure in the face across the full collection of papers in order to of our attempts to comprehend them. We noted evaluate the current state and emerging chal- that the choice of where and how to study such lenges for STS studies of knowledge infrastructure infrastructures involves some signifi cant decisions as represented here. on the part of the analyst in terms of the focus and level of examination (Larkin, 2013) and also the Articles in This Second Part individual sites and relations to study when a large of the Special Issue scale infrastructure can appear at fi rst sight to be everywhere at once and yet nowhere in particular. Three articles and one discussion piece are While the choice to adopt the infrastructural presented in this second part of the special issue. inversion (Bowker, 1994) positions the infrastruc- The special issue opens with an article by Masato ture in the foreground and focuses attention on Fukushima on value oscillation in knowledge the many forms of work that bring into being and infrastructures. By ‘value oscillation’, Fukushima is sustain the infrastructure, this initial methodolog- referring to the constant to and fro in knowledge ical choice leaves many others for the analyst to infrastructures in the making between partici- navigate. pants being told high of the potential positive A further theme that resonated through the value of the infrastructural work (for the good articles was the issue of invisibility, whether it will do in the world) and being warned of its that concerns the taken-for-granted nature of potential negative value (for the harm it can do to the infrastructures themselves or the habitual one’s career to perform service work). The oscilla- lack of attention in many public spaces to the tion refers to the constant tacking back and forth various forms of work that sustain them. Invis- between the two. He explores this in two case ibility has