Pennsylvania Phase 3 Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan Prepared by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection FINAL August 2019 Tom Wolf, Governor Patrick McDonnell, Secretary Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection DISCLAIMER The policies and procedures outlined in this document are intended to supplement existing requirements. Nothing in the policies or procedures shall affect statutory or regulatory requirements. The policies and procedures herein are not an adjudication or a regulation. There is no intent on the part of the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) to give this plan that weight or deference. This document establishes the framework within which DEP will exercise its administrative discretion in the future. DEP reserves the discretion to deviate from this plan if circumstances warrant. Nothing contained in this document shall be construed to establish a legal requirement on the part of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to appropriate funds, or to require the Commonwealth or any agency thereof to take actions not authorized by law. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 15 SECTION 2. STATE ACTIONS .................................................................................... 32 SECTION 3. COUNTYWIDE ACTIONS ........................................................................ 97 SECTION 4. FEDERAL ACTIONS AND COORDINATION ........................................ 116 SECTION 5. EXISTING AND NEEDED RESOURCES .............................................. 128 SECTION 6. DOCUMENTING, TRACKING AND VERIFYING .................................. 151 SECTION 7. MILESTONES AND PROGRESS REPORTING .................................... 156 SECTION 8. ACCOUNTING FOR GROWTH ............................................................. 171 SECTION 9. CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLIMATE RESILIENCY ............................... 179 SECTION 10. COMMUNICATION AND ENGAGEMENT STRATEGY ...................... 187 SECTION 11. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................... 192 APPENDIX 1 STEERING COMMITTEE AND WORKGROUP MEMBERS APPENDIX 2 SUMMARY OF LOCAL ENGAGMENT APPENDIX 3 COUNTY AND WORKGROUP RECOMMENDATIONS APPENDIX 4 PUBLIC COMMENT RESPONSE DOCUMENT iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Collaborative Process Framework ...........................................................................20 Figure 1.2. Pennsylvania Planning Targets ...............................................................................28 Figure 2.1. Graphic Representation of Pennsylvania’s Nutrient Reduction Plan ........................32 Figure 2.2. Pennsylvania’s Nitrogen Load to the Chesapeake Bay ...........................................36 Figure 2.3. Pennsylvania’s Phosphorus Load to the Chesapeake Bay ......................................37 Figure 2.4. Graphic Representation of Agriculture Partners (Not All-Inclusive) ..........................60 Figure 2.5. Nitrogen Reductions by County ...............................................................................83 Figure 2.6. Phosphorus Reductions by County .........................................................................84 Figure 4.1. Map of Impaired Stream Miles in Pennsylvania’s Chesapeake Bay Watershed .... 124 Figure 4.2. Map of Restored Stream Miles in Pennsylvania’s Chesapeake Bay Watershed .... 126 Figure 5.1. Funding by County FY14-FY19 ............................................................................. 130 Figure 5.2. Average County Funding (FY14-19) by WIP Tiers ................................................. 131 Figure 5.3. Annualized CAST Costs for Pilot Counties ............................................................ 144 Figure 5.4. CAST Costs: Initial Upfront Costs and Annual Ongoing Costs for Pilot Counties... 146 Figure 6.1. Schematic for Data and Tracking System.............................................................. 152 Figure 6.2. Priority BMPs and Verification Methodologies Matrix ............................................ 153 Figure 7.1. Progress Reporting Template1 .............................................................................. 157 Figure 7.2. Calendar Year 2019 and 2020 .............................................................................. 169 Figure 7.3. Calendar Year 2021 and 2022 .............................................................................. 169 Figure 7.4. Calendar Year 2023 and 2024 .............................................................................. 170 Figure 7.5. Calendar Year 2025 .............................................................................................. 170 Figure 8.1. Pennsylvania’s Projected Growth to 2025 ............................................................. 171 Figure 8.2. Specific Sector Land Use Change Breakdown ...................................................... 172 Figure 8.3. Changes in Nitrogen Load Due to Sector Growth .................................................. 173 iv LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Summary of Pennsylvania’s Modeled Reductions to the Chesapeake Bay...............34 Table 2.2. Modeled Existing Programs Resulting in Reductions ................................................43 Table 2.3. Additional Existing Programs That Will Result in Reductions ....................................49 Table 2.4. Abandoned Mine Land Funding by County, 2013 – 2018 .........................................56 Table 2.5 Summary of Modeled Reductions from Priority Initiatives for Pennsylvania’s 39 Counties without Countywide Action Plans ...............................................................................58 Table 2.6. Counties with Excess Manure ..................................................................................63 Table 2.7. Nitrogen Modeled Reduction Priority Initiatives at the County Scale .........................80 Table 2.8. Phosphorus Modeled Reduction Priority Initiatives at the County Scale ...................81 Table 2.9. Implementation Costs for Top Priority Initiatives .......................................................85 Table 3.1. County Tiers .............................................................................................................97 Table 3.2. Summary of Pilot County Results .............................................................................99 Table 3.3. Summary of Lancaster County’s Pollutant Reduction Goal .......................................99 Table 3.4. Summary of Lancaster County’s Pollutant Reduction Progress .............................. 100 Table 3.5. Lancaster County’s BMP List.................................................................................. 100 Table 3.6. Summary of York County’s Pollutant Reduction Goal ............................................. 102 Table 3.7. Summary of York County’s Pollutant Reduction Progress ...................................... 102 Table 3.8. York County’s BMP List .......................................................................................... 103 Table 3.9. Summary of Franklin County’s Pollutant Reduction Goal ........................................ 104 Table 3.10. Summary of Franklin County’s Pollutant Reduction Progress ............................... 105 Table 3.11. Franklin County’s BMP List .................................................................................. 106 Table 3.12. Summary of Adams County’s Pollutant Reduction Goal ....................................... 107 Table 3.13. Summary of Adams County’s Pollutant Reduction Progress................................. 108 Table 3.14. Adams County’s BMP List .................................................................................... 109 Table 4.1. Nitrogen Reductions for Pennsylvania Federal Facilities by County ....................... 117 Table 4.2. Phosphorus Reductions for Pennsylvania Federal Facilities by County .................. 118 Table 4.3. Impaired Stream Miles in Pennsylvania’s Chesapeake Bay Watershed ................. 123 Table 4.4. Restored Stream Miles in Pennsylvania’s Chesapeake Bay Watershed ................. 125 Table 5.1. State and Federal Agency Fiscal Data for Last Five Years ..................................... 129 Table 5.2. Summary of Priority Initiative Costs for BMP Implementation in Pennsylvania's 39 Counties without Countywide Action Plans ............................................................................. 132 Table 5.3. Summary of Technical Assistance and Staff Resources, ........................................ 134 Table 5.4. Summary of Staff Resources, Priority Initiatives, Programmatic and Narrative Commitments .......................................................................................................................... 141 Table 5.5. Annualized CAST Costs for Pilot Counties ............................................................. 144 Table 5.6. CAST Costs: Initial Upfront Costs and Annual Ongoing Costs ................................ 145 Table 5.7. Additional Resources by County ............................................................................. 147 Table 5.8. Total of Existing and New Resource Needs ............................................................ 148 Table 5.9. Funding Scenario Gap ..........................................................................................