PRIMARY CARE RESEARCH GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 INITIATING A RESEARCH PROJECT: GETTING STARTED & DEVELOPING YOUR IDEA ........................................................... 2 Research Workbook ................................................................................................................................ 2 FORMULATING A QUESTION USING PICO .............................................................................................................. 3 LITERATURE SEARCH BASICS ................................................................................................................................ 4 USING, SEARCHING & APPRAISING RESEARCH EVIDENCE ........................................................................ 5 CRITICALLY APPRAISING A RESEARCH ARTICLE ......................................................................................................... 5 MANAGING CITATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Referencing & Documentation Formats ................................................................................................. 6 Research Terms & Glossary .................................................................................................................... 6 DEVELOP & REFINE THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................. 7 FINER CRITERIA .............................................................................................................................................. 7 RESEARCH DESIGN: UNDERSTANDING METHODOLOGICAL NUANCES ...................................................... 8 FEATURES OF QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ........................................................................................... 8 LEVELS OF EVIDENCE-BASED RESEARCH: QUANTITATIVE ............................................................................................ 9 Systematic Review ................................................................................................................................ 10 Randomized Control Trial (RCT) ............................................................................................................ 11 Pragmatic Clinical Trial ......................................................................................................................... 12 Cohort ................................................................................................................................................... 13 Case-Control ......................................................................................................................................... 15 Case Report / Case Series ..................................................................................................................... 16 Editorial / Expert Opinion ..................................................................................................................... 16 Common Quantitative Questions & Corresponding Research Designs ................................................ 17 LEVELS OF EVIDENCE-BASED RESEARCH: QUALITATIVE ............................................................................................ 18 Survey ................................................................................................................................................... 19 Face-to-face Interview / Questionnaire ................................................................................................ 20 Focus Group(s) ...................................................................................................................................... 20 CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES: APPRAISAL FOR RESEARCH & EVALUATION ................................................................ 21 AGREE Tool ........................................................................................................................................... 21 RESEARCH PLAN: DEVELOPING THE RESEARCH PROPOSAL .................................................................... 22 TEMPLATE FOR RESEARCH PROPOSAL: QUANTITATIVE & QUALITATIVE ....................................................................... 22 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 22 Background (Review of the literature) .................................................................................................. 22 Purpose & Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 22 Methods (Quantitative; Qualitative) .................................................................................................... 23 Anticipated Ethical Issues ..................................................................................................................... 24 Significance of the Study / Expected Outcomes .................................................................................... 24 Knowledge Translation ......................................................................................................................... 24 Assessing the Applicability of Interventions ......................................................................................... 25 Writing the Abstract ............................................................................................................................. 26 Common Pitfalls of Primary Research .................................................................................................. 28 CONSIDER FUNDING APPLICATIONS....................................................................................................... 29 APPLYING FOR FUNDING, GRANTS & AWARDS ...................................................................................................... 29 Helpful Hints on Writing a Successful Grant Application ...................................................................... 30 B.Sc. Medicine & Med II Summer Research Programs .......................................................................... 31 PRIMARY CARE RESEARCH GUIDE Creating a Budget ................................................................................................................................. 32 Timelines ............................................................................................................................................... 34 RESEARCH PROJECT REVIEW – ETHICS, REVIEW COMMITTEES & OTHER REQUIREMENTS...................... 35 RESEARCH ETHICS BOARD REVIEW (REB) ............................................................................................................ 35 UMan Office of Research Ethics & Compliance .................................................................................... 35 Contact Information ............................................................................................................................. 35 REB Review: Purpose ............................................................................................................................ 36 OTHER COMMITTEE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 37 CancerCare Manitoba Research Resource Impact Committee ............................................................. 37 Health Information Privacy Committee ................................................................................................ 38 Health Sciences Centre Research Review Committee ........................................................................... 39 St. Boniface Research Review Committee ............................................................................................ 39 WRHA Research Review Committee ..................................................................................................... 39 Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs (AMC) .................................................................................................... 40 METHODOLOGY: DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS .................................................................................. 41 Reference & Tutorials ........................................................................................................................... 41 Sample Size ........................................................................................................................................... 41 Statistical Significance vs. Clinical Significance..................................................................................... 45 ANALYSIS (QUANTITATIVE) ............................................................................................................................... 46 Questions to ask and clarify prior to statistical analysis....................................................................... 46 Types of Statistical Tests ....................................................................................................................... 51 Statistical Software .............................................................................................................................. 55 Centre for Healthcare