TABLE OF CONTENTS BOUT About IWIC ............................................................1 A IWIC Welcome from the IWIC-VI Chairmen ...............2 The International Workshop on Ice Caves (IWIC) Welcome from the UIS Commission on Glacier, is a series of workshops devoted entirely to ice cave Firn, and Ice Caves President ................................3 research. IWIC is the only conference focused on IWIC-VI Organizing Committee .........................4 state-of-the-art ice cave research, where interna- About Idaho Falls, Idaho .......................................4 tional experts discuss ongoing research efforts and Location Maps .........................................................5 promote global cooperation in ice cave science and Program Schedule ..................................................6 management. Evening Activities ...................................................9 Field Trip Information IWIC is a conference of the Glacier, Firn, and Ice King’s Bowl Area ...............................................10 Caves Commission of the International Union of Crystal Falls Ice Cave ......................................10 Speleology, held every two years. Past workshops Craters of the Moon Natl. Monument ..........11 have been held in Romania, the Slovak Republic, Fossil Mountain Ice Cave ...............................12 Russia, Austria, and Italy. National WNS Decontamination Protocol .......13 Craters of the Moon Natl. Mon. map .................14 IWIC-VI is being hosted by the National Cave and Cave Maps Karst Research Institute of the USA. Crystal Falls Ice Cave ......................................15 Snow Cone Spatter Cone ................................16 Buffalo Caves ....................................................17 Beauty Cave ......................................................18 Boy Scout Cave ................................................19 Indian Tunnel ....................................................20 Fossil Mountain Ice Cave ................................21 Directions to Fossil Mountain Ice Cave .............22 IWIC -VI is sponsored by the Geologic Description of the King’s U.S. National Park Service Bowl Area ..............................................................23 Program Schedule at a Glance ............................24 Cover Photos Front cover: Ann Bosted poses among ice formations in the Arco Tunnel lava tube in Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve. Photo by Ann and Peter Bosted, www.cavepics.com. Back cover: Ice formations in a New Mexico lava tube. Photo Craters of the Moon National Monument by Kenneth Ingham, keninghamphoto.com. and Preserve ••• Timpanogos Cave National Monument 1 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves • 2014 25 June 2014 Welcome Ice and Glacier Cave Explorers, Scientists, and Managers! On behalf of the National Cave and Karst Research Institute and the Organizing Committee, we’re de- lighted to be your hosts for the 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves (IWIC). IWIC is a function of the International Union of Speleology’s (UIS) Commission on Glacier, Firn, and Ice Caves. It is held every two years, bringing together ice experts from around the world, and this is the first IWIC held outside of Europe. Bringing IWIC to a new continent also brings new opportunities. This is the first IWIC in an area with lava tubes. They bring a new perspective to ice cave studies since ice forms more readily in these caves than in limestone caves. The reasons may be associated with the different thermal properties of the rocks, but this uncertainty shows how even many fundamental questions of cave ice development still need to be studied and answered. As typical for IWIC, this conference is small but highly focused with many excellent papers. For the first time the proceedings will be distributed digitally by open access so their results can be better shared with people around the world. At the time of this writing, participants have registered from four US states and 13 different counties, with talks covering three states, eight countries, and even other planets! We expect you’ll have a won- derful week learning new things and meeting new and old friends. If you have any questions or concerns about the workshop, please tell us directly and we will address them as soon as possible. We are honored to be your hosts. Sincerely, George Veni, Ph.D. Andreas Pflitsch Co-Chairman, IWIC-VI Co-Chairman, IWIC-VI Executive Director, Ruhr-University Bochum, USA National Cave & Karst Research Institute, USA 2014 • 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves 2 Commission on Glacier, Firn, and Ice Caves The International Workshop on Ice Caves (IWIC) has a short, but intense history. Since starting 10 years ago, 2004, in Romania, IWIC has occurred every two years. It has served to collect and exchange sci- entific and technical information and ideas in this very exciting hypogean environment. At the border between karstology and glaciology, scientists from different disciplines meet at these workshops, and the international nature of IWIC is well highlighted by the countries hosting the previous workshops. After Romania, cavers and scientists in the Slovak Republic, Russia, Austria, and Italy hosted these workshops. Now, the United State of America is hosting the 6th IWIC in Idaho Falls, Idaho, a famous area of lava tube caves, which also contain ice bodies. Under the auspices of the International Union of Speleology (UIS) and the UIS Commission on Glacier, Firn, and Ice Caves, two days of presentations will cover ice cave processes, glacier caves, micrometeorol- ogy and cave climate topics, and future perspectives in this science. This will be followed by three days of field trips in the caves and ice caves in the Idaho volcanic province. This program contains the schedule of this workshop and description of the conference venue and field trips. The workshop proceedings, contained digitally in your registration materials, have the full scien- tific papers and abstracts of the presentations given at this workshop and cover many aspects of ice cave science. Special thanks go to the National Cave and Karst Research Institute, the scientific and the local secretari- at, and to the referees and all of the people who organized this workshop and the field trips. Sincerely, Valter Maggi President UIS Commission on Glacier, Firn, and Ice Caves 3 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves • 2014 6TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ICE CAVES ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Chairmen ..................................................George Veni and Andreas Pflitsch Advisors ....................................................... Valter Maggi and Aurel Persoiu Banquet and Hotel Facilities ....................................................... George Veni Field Trips ...........Andy Armstrong, Scott and April Earl, Andreas Pflitsch Logo ................................................................................................Mark Rabin Public Relations ............................................................... Suzanna Langowski Proceedings Editor ........................................................................Lewis Land Proceedings Scientific Committee ...........Zoltán Kern, Valter Maggi, and Stefano Turri Program Editor .................................................................. Bonny Armstrong Registration/Treasurer ................................................................. Debbie Herr Sponsors ........................................................................... Suzanna Langowski Website ....................................................................................................Jill Orr WELCOME TO IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO Idaho Falls is located in southeastern Idaho along the Snake River. It has the many conveniences of a big city without losing its small town charm. The majestic Teton Mountains serve as the city’s skyline, and world famous Yellowstone National Park is not far away. The city has a population of about 58,000 people. It is renowned in the region for its museum, symphony, opera, orchestra, performing arts groups, zoo, and shopping. If you decide to take a break from IWIC ac- tivities, you will find many other things to do! Idaho Trivia Idaho state motto: Esto Perpetua, meaning “It is perpetual.” • Population: 1,567,582 • Land Area: 83,557 square miles • Capital City: Boise • Highest Elevation: 12,662 ft. (Mt. Borah) • Lowest Elevation: 738 ft. (Lewiston, ID) • River Miles: 3,100 miles (more than any other state in the contiguous U.S.) • Idaho is the leading national producer in potatoes, trout, lentils, and Austrian winter peas • Hells Canyon, located on the Idaho-Oregon border, is the deepest river gorge in America, deeper than the Grand Canyon • Inventor Philo T. Farnsworth’s home town of Rigby, Idaho, is known as the birthplace of television 2014 • 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves 4 LOCATION MAPS Idaho 475 River Parkway Idaho Falls, ID 83402 208-523-8000 Idaho Falls Fax 208-529-9610 Idaho Falls 5 6th International Workshop on Ice Caves • 2014 PROGRAM SCHEDULE 6TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ICE CAVES All sessions and social activities will occur in the Bannock Room at the Hotel on the Falls, except for pre- sentations and activities on Wednesday and Thursday evenings. All field trips will leave from the front of the hotel. Sunday, 17 August 2014 19:00 – 22:00 Registration and welcome reception. Come visit with old and new friends as we get ready for the week ahead. Hors d’ oeuvres and a cash bar will be provided.