This PDF version does not have an ISBN or ISSN and is not therefore effectively published (Melbourne Code, Art. 29.1). The printed version, however, was effectively published on 6 June 2013. Wang, Z. R., Z. R. He & M. Kato. 2013. Athyriaceae. Pp. 418–534 in Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong, eds., Flora of China, Vol. 2–3 (Pteridophytes). Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press. ATHYRIACEAE 蹄盖蕨科 ti gai jue ke Wang Zhongren (王中仁)1, He Zhaorong (和兆荣)2; Masahiro Kato3 Plants terrestrial or epilithic, small to medium-sized, sometimes large. Rhizome long or shortly creeping, ascending or erect, rarely short treelike, dictyostelic, scaly; scales entire or toothed, tooth consisting of 2 adjacent upturned ends of marginal cells, basifixed, rarely pseudopeltate. Stipe supplied by 2 vascular strands with xylem seahorse-shaped in cross section and upward united into U-shaped strand, scaly, also hairy or glabrate, hairs unicellular or multicellular, glandular or eglandular. Rachis, costae, and cos- tules grooved adaxially, grooves of costae and costules confluent to those of lower order frond axes or interrupted by ridges between grooves, scaly, hairy, or glabrate; hairs unicellular or multicellular, glandular or eglandular; spines continued from ridges, or short fleshy projections in grooves, at base of costae, costules, and midribs adaxially, or spines and projections absent. Lamina variously dissected, simple to 3-pinnate, pinnatifid or with terminal pinna similar to lateral pinnae, apex narrowed. Veins free or anastomosing with polygonal areoles or with successive veins from adjacent midribs united to excurrent veins between 2 rows of rhomboid areoles. Sori various, linear, J-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, orbicular-reniform, or orbicular, indusiate or exindusiate; indusia inferior entirely or proximally to receptacle, or lateral, various in shape, sack-shaped, cup-shaped, saucer-shaped, platelike, elongate, J-shaped, horse- shoe-shaped, or orbicular-reniform. Spores bilateral, ellipsoid, covered by perispore. Five genera and ca. 600 species: worldwide from tropical to frigid zones of both hemispheres; five genera and 278 species (135 endemic) in China. Of the genera recognized in FRPS (3(2): 32–504. 1999), Rhachidosorus and Diplaziopsis were recently segregated as families Rhachidosor- aceae and Diplaziopsidaceae, respectively. Athyriaceae s.s. or subfamily Athyrioideae comprise Anisocampium (including Kuniwatsukia), Athyrium (including Pseudocystopteris), Cornopteris (including Neoathyrium), Deparia (including Athyriopsis, Dictyodroma, Dryoathyrium, and Luna- thyrium), and Diplazium (including Allantodia, Callipteris, and Monomelangium). Subfamily Cystopteridoideae was raised to family Cystopter- idaceae. Wang Zhong-ren, Chu Wei-ming, He Zhao-rong & Hsieh Yin-tang. 1999. Athyriaceae (excluding Acystopteris, Cystoathyrium, Cystopteris, Diplaziopsis, Gymnocarpium, and Rhachidosorus). In: Chu Wei-ming, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 3(2): 32–511. 1a. Grooves on adaxial side of costae interrupted at base of costa, not confluent to groove of rachis (if lamina simple then rhizome long creeping); stipe, rachis, costae, and veins with multicellular hairs or subglabrate .............................................................................................................................................................. 1. Deparia 1b. Grooves on adaxial side of costae confluent to groove of rachis; fronds without multicellular hairs. 2a. Base of costa and costule corniculate on adaxial side; sori exindusiate ....................... 2. Cornopteris (including Neoathyrium) 2b. Base of costa and costule not corniculate; sori mostly indusiate. 3a. Veins anastomosing; sori small, orbicular-reniform ................................................................................... 3. Anisocampium 3b. Veins free; sori prominent, elongate, horseshoe-shaped. 4a. Stipe bases on ascending to erect rhizomes swollen with pneumatophores, frond axes V-shaped in cross section, acroscopic basal pinnules larger than others, laminar margin cartilaginous or not, spines present adaxially at junction of costules or not; sori horseshoe-shaped, J-shaped, or linear; scales entire .................................................................................................................................................... 4. Athyrium 4b. Stipe bases neither swollen nor bearing pneumatophores, frond axes U-shaped with a flat base in most species, acroscopic basal pinnules equal or smaller, laminar margin not cartilaginous, spines absent; sori linear; scales toothed or entire ................................................................................................. 5. Diplazium 1. DEPARIA Hooker & Greville, Icon. Filic. 2: t. 154. 1829. 对囊蕨属 dui nang jue shu He Zhaorong (和兆荣), Wang Zhongren (王中仁); Masahiro Kato Athyriopsis Ching; Dictyodroma Ching; Dryoathyrium Ching; Lunathyrium Koidzumi; Parathyrium Holttum; Triblemma Ching. Plants terrestrial, medium-sized. Rhizomes moderately stout, long creeping, ascending or suberect, with black or brown, lanceo- late, entire or subentire scales. Fronds distant or approximate; stipe long, with brown, ovate to lanceolate scales at base; lamina pin- nate or 2-pinnate, lanceolate, linear-lanceolate, oblong, or ovate-oblong, acuminate; ultimate pinnules pinnatipartite; pinnae or pin- nules alternate, sessile, equilateral, rounded-cuneate at base, pinnatifid to pinnatipartite, segments oblong or rectangular, pinnules or 1 Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, People’s Republic of China. 2 Herbarium, College of Life Science, Yunnan University, 2 Cuihu North, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People’s Republic of China. 3 Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan. 418 ATHYRIACEAE 419 segments adnate to costae or costules by narrow wings; rachis, costae, and costules grooved adaxially, grooves of costae or costules interrupted and not merging into grooves of rachis or costae; usually with brown or dark brown, vermiculate glandular hairs con- sisting of 1–3(or 4) rows of cells on costae, costules, and midribs. Veins free, lateral veins simple or forked. Lamina herbaceous, papery, or subleathery when dried. Sori orbicular, oblong, J-shaped, or horseshoe-shaped, abaxial or lateral, medial; indusia same in shape, membranous, entire, erose, lacerate, or ciliate, persistent. Spores bilateral, perispore with folds or spines, baculate ornamen- tation. x = 40. About 70 species: tropical and temperate zones of Asia, tropical Africa, and Madagascar, extending to Japan, Korea, E Russia, and to NW Himalaya; 53 species (31 endemic) in China. The following regions comprise the center of distribution in China: Qin Ling, W Hubei, Sichuan, and NE Yunnan. The following taxon is excluded from the present treatment, pending further research: Lunathyrium ebeneostipes Ching & Z. Y. Liu (Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(4): 14. 1983), described from Sichuan (Nanchuan). 1a. Stipe base not swollen, without pneumatophore. 2a. Veins anastomosing. 3a. Free fertile pinnae repand or pinnatilobate at margin; lateral veins obvious, costae with sparse hairs. 4a. Free pinnae of fertile frond 1–5 pairs, margin usually repand, occasionally crenate or pinnatilobate; pinna lobes flat, broad, blunt, oval, symmetrical ...................................................................................... 33. D. heterophlebia 4b. Free pinnae of fertile frond 6–8 pairs, margin shallowly lobed; pinna lobes deltoid-oblong, asymmetrical, subfalcate, apex obtuse ........................................................................................................ 34. D. yunnanensis 3b. Free fertile pinnae entire, undulate, or shallowly lobed; lateral veins not obvious, costae subglabrous. 5a. Fertile lamina deeply pinnatilobate or 1-pinnate with 1 or 2(or 3) free basal pairs of pinnae; pinnae oblong-lanceolate, base rounded .................................................................................................................... 35. D. formosana 5b. Fertile lamina 1-pinnate with 3–6 pairs of free lateral pinnae; lower pinnae usually broadly lanceolate, sometimes oblong-lanceolate, base subcordate ........................................................................................... 36. D. hainanensis 2b. Veins free. 6a. Lamina simple or pinnatilobate; rachis glabrous, costa abaxially glabrous; sori elongate. 7a. Lamina simple, margin entire or repand ............................................................................................................... 37. D. lancea 7b. Lamina pinnatilobate ................................................................................................................................... 38. D. tomitaroana 6b. Lamina 1–3-pinnate; rachis hairy, costa abaxially hairy; sori variable (elongate, horseshoe-shaped, J-shaped, or orbicular-reniform). 8a. Rhizome ascending or erect; fronds caespitose. 9a. Rhizome erect; indusia lacerate, ciliate at margin, perispore surface with sparse auriculate and aculeate projections ...................................................................................................................................... 39. D. omeiensis 9b. Rhizome ascending; indusia subentire, slightly denticulate, or erose. 10a. Lamina ovate-oblong; indusia erose at margin; perispore surface with dense unevenly long aculeate projections ................................................................................................................................